Canonical Classics ← 第三十回
第三十回
xiéqīnzhèng
xīnyuán

The Evil Demon Assaults the True Dharma · The Horse of the Will Recalls the Monkey of the Heart

公主詩句
模式 Mode Read Study
拼音 Pinyin Off
字體 Script
原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition 含詞賦 With rhapsody

公主詩句 The Princess's Verse

dāngshípèizhīhòujiāngzǎileyāoqǐngzhūqīnquèshìgōngzhǔniángniangjiàoqiěshāshāzhīyǒuyándàodeshènhǎoshuōdàodāngshípèizhīhòujiāngzǎileyāoqǐngzhūqīnquèshìgōngzhǔniángniangjiàoqiěshāshāzhīyǒuyándàodeshènhǎoshuōdào

tuōtiāntuōchéngméizhèngpèihūnyīntuōtiāntuōchéngméizhèngpèihūnyīn
qiánshìchìshéngcéngjīnjiānglǎozuòméirénqiánshìchìshéngcéngjīnjiānglǎozuòméirén

逐句解 Line by line

dāngshípèizhīhòujiāngzǎileyāoqǐngzhūqīnquèshìgōngzhǔniángniangjiàoqiěshāshāzhīyǒuyándàodeshènhǎoshuōdào dāngshípèizhīhòujiāngzǎileyāoqǐngzhūqīnquèshìgōngzhǔniángniangjiàoqiěshāshāzhīyǒuyándàodeshènhǎoshuōdào

After we were wed, I wished to slaughter that tiger and call all our kin to the feast; but it was Her Highness the princess who bade me spare it. For the reason she gave against the killing, she had some lines of verse — and very well she spoke them — saying:

The prose lead-in to a couplet. 欲將那虎 takes the that marks the object as jiāng and as pointing ; 道得甚好 takes the structural as de and the adverbial 甚好, "very well," as shèn. , "bade," is jiào. He is about to quote his wife — in a story she never lived through.

tuōtiāntuōchéngméizhèngpèihūnyīn tuōtiāntuōchéngméizhèngpèihūnyīn

By the warrant of Heaven, by the warrant of Earth, we were made husband and wife; with neither matchmaker nor witness, our marriage was joined.

托天托地, entrusting it to Heaven and to Earth, makes the cosmos itself the guarantor of the match; 無媒無證, "without go-between or witness," admits the marriage had none of the proper forms while claiming a higher authority instead. It is a good argument. It is also being made by the wrong person for the wrong reason.

qiánshìchìshéngcéngjīnjiānglǎozuòméirén qiánshìchìshéngcéngjīnjiānglǎozuòméirén

In a former life the red cord once bound our feet; and now the old tiger is made our matchmaker."

And here is the image everybody knows. 赤繩繫足 points at the tale of the Old Man under the Moon (月下老人), who ties the ankles of destined couples together with a red cord — the standard picture of a marriage settled before either party was born, and still the figure Chinese uses for fated love. 今將老虎 takes as jiāng. The joke in the couplet is that it appoints the tiger, the agent of her abduction, as the matchmaker of fate.


總評 Commentary

The couplet is quoted inside the demon's fiction, and it does double duty there. Within the tale it supplies a charming, fated reason to spare the tiger. But the reader, who knows the tiger does not exist, watches the demon deploy a genuine-sounding scrap of verse as one more prop of the lie. Poetry as forgery.

The red cord of the 月下老人 is the standard figure for a marriage written in advance, and the irony here comes in layers: an abduction dressed as destiny, with the beast that supposedly carried her off named as Heaven's go-between.