第三十回 · 八戒醒悟 Bajie Wakes in the Wild — Journey to the West

原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

八戒醒悟 Bajie Wakes in the Wild

且qiě不bù言yán三sān藏zàng逢féng災zāi，小xiǎo龍lóng敗bài戰zhàn。卻què說shuō那nà豬zhū八bā戒jiè從cóng離lí了le沙shā僧sēng，一yì頭tóu藏cáng在zài草cǎo科kē裡lǐ，拱gǒng了le一yí個gè豬zhū渾hún塘táng。這zhè一yí覺jiào，直zhí睡shuì到dào半bàn夜yè時shí候hòu才cái醒xǐng。醒xǐng來lái時shí，又yòu不bù知zhī是shì甚shén麼me去qù處chù。摸mō摸mō眼yǎn，定dìng了le神shén思sī，側cè耳ěr才cái聽tīng。噫yī！正zhèng是shì那nà山shān深shēn無wú犬quǎn吠fèi，野yě曠kuàng少shǎo雞jī鳴míng。他tā見jiàn那nà星xīng移yí斗dǒu轉zhuǎn，約yuē莫mò有yǒu三sān更gēng時shí分fēn，心xīn中zhōng想xiǎng道dào：「我wǒ要yào回huí救jiù沙shā僧sēng，誠chéng然rán是shì『單dān絲sī不bú線xiàn，孤gū掌zhǎng難nán鳴míng』。罷bà罷bà罷bà，我wǒ且qiě進jìn城chéng去qù見jiàn了le師shī父fù，奏zòu准zhǔn當dāng今jīn，再zài選xuǎn些xiē驍xiāo勇yǒng人rén馬mǎ，助zhù著zhe老lǎo豬zhū明míng日rì來lái救jiù沙shā僧sēng罷bà。」且qiě不bù言yán三sān藏zàng逢féng灾zāi，小xiǎo龙lóng败bài战zhàn。却què说shuō那nà猪zhū八bā戒jiè从cóng离lí了le沙shā僧sēng，一yì头tóu藏cáng在zài草cǎo科kē里lǐ，拱gǒng了le一yí个gè猪zhū浑hún塘táng。这zhè一yí觉jiào，直zhí睡shuì到dào半bàn夜yè时shí候hòu才cái醒xǐng。醒xǐng来lái时shí，又yòu不bù知zhī是shì甚shén么me去qù处chù。摸mō摸mō眼yǎn，定dìng了le神shén思sī，侧cè耳ěr才cái听tīng。噫yī！正zhèng是shì那nà山shān深shēn无wú犬quǎn吠fèi，野yě旷kuàng少shǎo鸡jī鸣míng。他tā见jiàn那nà星xīng移yí斗dǒu转zhuǎn，约yuē莫mò有yǒu三sān更gēng时shí分fēn，心xīn中zhōng想xiǎng道dào：「我wǒ要yào回huí救jiù沙shā僧sēng，诚chéng然rán是shì『单dān丝sī不bú线xiàn，孤gū掌zhǎng难nán鸣míng』。罢bà罢bà罢bà，我wǒ且qiě进jìn城chéng去qù见jiàn了le师shī父fù，奏zòu准zhǔn当dāng今jīn，再zài选xuǎn些xiē骁xiāo勇yǒng人rén马mǎ，助zhù著zhe老lǎo猪zhū明míng日rì来lái救jiù沙shā僧sēng罢bà。」

逐句解 Line by line

且qiě不bù言yán三sān藏zàng逢féng災zāi，小xiǎo龍lóng敗bài戰zhàn。且qiě不bù言yán三sān藏zàng逢féng灾zāi，小xiǎo龙lóng败bài战zhàn。

But let us say no more of Tripitaka’s calamity and the little dragon’s defeat in battle.

In the name 三藏 the graph 藏 is zàng. The narrator sets the palace thread aside to take up Bajie’s.

卻què說shuō那nà豬zhū八bā戒jiè從cóng離lí了le沙shā僧sēng，一yì頭tóu藏cáng在zài草cǎo科kē裡lǐ，拱gǒng了le一yí個gè豬zhū渾hún塘táng。却què说shuō那nà猪zhū八bā戒jiè从cóng离lí了le沙shā僧sēng，一yì头tóu藏cáng在zài草cǎo科kē里lǐ，拱gǒng了le一yí个gè猪zhū浑hún塘táng。

Rather let us speak of Zhu Bajie, who, since parting from Sha Wujing, had buried himself head-first in a clump of brush and rooted out a hog’s wallow.

Here 藏在草科 ("hidden in the brush") takes 藏 as cáng; 豬渾塘 is a "hog’s muddy wallow." 那 is deictic nà. Bajie’s swinish comfort is set, with comic bluntness, against the crisis at the palace.

這zhè一yí覺jiào，直zhí睡shuì到dào半bàn夜yè時shí候hòu才cái醒xǐng。这zhè一yí觉jiào，直zhí睡shuì到dào半bàn夜yè时shí候hòu才cái醒xǐng。

This one nap he slept clean through to the middle of the night before he woke.

In 這一覺 ("this one sleep") the graph 覺 is read jiào (a period of sleep, as in 睡覺), which — being fourth-tone — draws the preceding 一 to yí by sandhi.

醒xǐng來lái時shí，又yòu不bù知zhī是shì甚shén麼me去qù處chù。醒xǐng来lái时shí，又yòu不bù知zhī是shì甚shén么me去qù处chù。

Waking, he could not tell where he was.

甚麼 takes 甚 as shén; 去處 is "whereabouts, place." Bajie’s disorientation is played for gentle comedy.

摸mō摸mō眼yǎn，定dìng了le神shén思sī，側cè耳ěr才cái聽tīng。摸mō摸mō眼yǎn，定dìng了le神shén思sī，侧cè耳ěr才cái听tīng。

He rubbed his eyes, collected his wits, and cocked an ear to listen.

定神思 is "to steady one’s spirit and thought." The homely gestures — rubbing the eyes, cocking an ear — keep Bajie firmly in the comic register.

噫yī！正zhèng是shì那nà山shān深shēn無wú犬quǎn吠fèi，野yě曠kuàng少shǎo雞jī鳴míng。噫yī！正zhèng是shì那nà山shān深shēn无wú犬quǎn吠fèi，野yě旷kuàng少shǎo鸡jī鸣míng。

Ah! — it was just such a place: the mountains deep, with no dog’s bark; the wilds empty, with few cocks’ crows.

那 is deictic nà; 少雞鳴 ("few cock-crows") takes 少 as shǎo. The couplet-like pair evokes the desolate solitude of the wilderness.

他tā見jiàn那nà星xīng移yí斗dǒu轉zhuǎn，約yuē莫mò有yǒu三sān更gēng時shí分fēn，心xīn中zhōng想xiǎng道dào：「我wǒ要yào回huí救jiù沙shā僧sēng，誠chéng然rán是shì『單dān絲sī不bú線xiàn，孤gū掌zhǎng難nán鳴míng』。他tā见jiàn那nà星xīng移yí斗dǒu转zhuǎn，约yuē莫mò有yǒu三sān更gēng时shí分fēn，心xīn中zhōng想xiǎng道dào：「我wǒ要yào回huí救jiù沙shā僧sēng，诚chéng然rán是shì『单dān丝sī不bú线xiàn，孤gū掌zhǎng难nán鸣míng』。

Seeing the stars shifted and the Dipper turned, he reckoned it about the third watch, and thought within himself: "If I go back to save Sha Wujing, then truly — ‘a single thread makes no cord, and one palm alone claps not.’

星移斗轉 ("the stars shift, the Dipper turns") marks the passing hours; here 斗 is read dǒu (the Dipper). In 三更時分 the graph 更 is read gēng — the night-watch reading, distinct from the comparative gèng. 單絲不線，孤掌難鳴 ("one silk makes no thread, a lone palm makes no clap") is the proverb of futile solitary effort. 心中 takes 中 as zhōng; 那 is deictic nà.

罷bà罷bà罷bà，我wǒ且qiě進jìn城chéng去qù見jiàn了le師shī父fù，奏zòu准zhǔn當dāng今jīn，再zài選xuǎn些xiē驍xiāo勇yǒng人rén馬mǎ，助zhù著zhe老lǎo豬zhū明míng日rì來lái救jiù沙shā僧sēng罷bà。」罢bà罢bà罢bà，我wǒ且qiě进jìn城chéng去qù见jiàn了le师shī父fù，奏zòu准zhǔn当dāng今jīn，再zài选xuǎn些xiē骁xiāo勇yǒng人rén马mǎ，助zhù著zhe老lǎo猪zhū明míng日rì来lái救jiù沙shā僧sēng罢bà。」

Enough, enough! Let me first go into the city to see the master, get the sovereign’s leave, and pick out some brave troops to help old Pig come and rescue Sha Wujing tomorrow."

In 助著老豬 the durative 著 is zhe. 奏准當今 is "to obtain the reigning sovereign’s approval"; 驍勇人馬, "valiant troops." Bajie’s plan — to petition the throne for soldiers — comically misjudges what the crisis requires.

總評 Commentary

The chapter now turns to its second half and its second title-term. If the 意馬 has just acted and failed, the narrative must next reach the 心猿, the banished Sun Wukong — and the bridge to him is Bajie, discovered here at his least heroic, snout-down in a hog’s wallow. The comic deflation is deliberate: against the cosmic allegory of the preceding couplet, the vernacular novel sets a sleeping pig.

Bajie’s reasoning is characteristically self-serving and wrong-footed. His proverb — 單絲不線，孤掌難鳴 — correctly diagnoses that he cannot act alone, but his remedy (to beg the king for soldiers) mistakes an ordinary problem for the supernatural one it is. The chapter is quietly steering him, and the reader, toward the only real solution: not troops, but the Mind-Monkey. That recognition, and the errand to fetch Wukong, is the work of the chapter’s close.