Canonical Classics ← 第三十回
第三十回
xiéqīnzhèng
xīnyuán

The Evil Demon Assaults the True Dharma · The Horse of the Will Recalls the Monkey of the Heart

巧言虛詞
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原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

巧言虛詞 The Fabricated Tale

yāojīngqiǎohuāyánqíngjiǎdedào:「zhǔgōngwēichényòuerhǎogōngcǎilièwéishēngshísānniánqiándàilǐngjiātóngshùshífàngyīngzhúquǎnjiànzhībānlánměngshēntuózhewǎngshānxiàzǒushìwēichéndōugōngjiànshèdǎoměngjiāngdàishàngběnzhuāngwēnshuǐwēntāngguànxǐngjiùlexìngmìngyīnwènshìrénjiāgèngcénggōngzhǔèrzǎoshuōshìwànsuìdesāngōngzhǔzěngǎnxīnshànpèidāngjìnshàngjīn殿diànxiǎotǎoguānzhíróngshēnzhǐyīnshuōshìmínjiāzhīcáibèiwēichénliúzàizhuāngsuǒmàolángcáiliǎngxiāngqíngyuànpèizhìduōniányāojīngqiǎohuāyánqíngjiǎdedào:「zhǔgōngwēichényòuerhǎogōngcǎilièwéishēngshísānniánqiándàilǐngjiātóngshùshífàngyīngzhúquǎnjiànzhībānlánměngshēntuózhewǎngshānxiàzǒushìwēichéndōugōngjiànshèdǎoměngjiāngdàishàngběnzhuāngwēnshuǐwēntāngguànxǐngjiùlexìngmìngyīnwènshìrénjiāgèngcénggōngzhǔèrzǎoshuōshìwànsuìdesāngōngzhǔzěngǎnxīnshànpèidāngjìnshàngjīn殿diànxiǎotǎoguānzhíróngshēnzhǐyīnshuōshìmínjiāzhīcáibèiwēichénliúzàizhuāngsuǒmàolángcáiliǎngxiāngqíngyuànpèizhìduōnián


逐句解 Line by line

yāojīngqiǎohuāyánqíngjiǎdedào:「zhǔgōngwēichényòuerhǎogōngcǎilièwéishēng yāojīngqiǎohuāyánqíngjiǎdedào:「zhǔgōngwēichényòuerhǎogōngcǎilièwéishēng

The demon, with artful words and flowering speech, all false feeling and feigned sincerity, replied: "My sovereign, from my youth your humble servant loved to practise bow and horse, and lived by the hunt.

The narrator labels the lie before it starts, so nobody in the audience is taken in even briefly: 巧語花言, clever words and flowery speech, and 虛情假意, false feeling and counterfeit sincerity. Both are still current. In 自幼兒 the colloquial is er; 採獵為生, to live by hunting, takes as wéi. is the pointing .

shísānniánqiándàilǐngjiātóngshùshífàngyīngzhúquǎnjiànzhībānlánměngshēntuózhewǎngshānxiàzǒu shísānniánqiándàilǐngjiātóngshùshífàngyīngzhúquǎnjiànzhībānlánměngshēntuózhewǎngshānxiàzǒu

Some thirteen years ago, leading a few dozen household boys, loosing the hawks and coursing the hounds, I suddenly saw a fierce, brindled tiger, a woman borne upon its back, making down the mountain slope.

And here is the tiger, introduced thirteen years and several hundred miles from anywhere it can be checked. 數十, some tens, several dozen, takes as shù; in 身馱著, carrying on its back, the is zhe. 斑斕猛虎 is a brindled, fierce tiger — a phrase to remember, because the chapter will use it again of somebody else. is pointing .

shìwēichéndōugōngjiànshèdǎoměngjiāngdàishàngběnzhuāngwēnshuǐwēntāngguànxǐngjiùlexìngmìng shìwēichéndōugōngjiànshèdǎoměngjiāngdàishàngběnzhuāngwēnshuǐwēntāngguànxǐngjiùlexìngmìng

It was your servant who drew the bow and, with a single arrow, shot the fierce tiger down; I bore the woman up to my own manor, revived her with warm water and warm broth, and saved her life.

兜弓 is to draw a bow taut; 射倒, shot down, takes as dǎo; in 將女子帶上 the that marks what is being carried is jiāng. The whole rescue is invented, and it converts an abduction into an act of gallantry in a single sentence.

yīnwènshìrénjiāgèngcénggōngzhǔèr yīnwènshìrénjiāgèngcénggōngzhǔèr

When I asked from what household she came, she never once let fall the two words "royal princess."

Here again 那裡 means "where, from what place," so is the question-word . 更不曾, "never even once," takes as gèng. The lie is carefully built to excuse him: he could not have known who she was.

zǎoshuōshìwànsuìdesāngōngzhǔzěngǎnxīnshànpèi zǎoshuōshìwànsuìdesāngōngzhǔzěngǎnxīnshànpèi

Had she but said she was Your Majesty's Third Princess, how should I have dared, against all conscience, to wed her without leave?

欺心 is to deceive your own heart, to act against conscience; 擅自 is on your own authority, without leave. He is now performing the scruples of a loyal subject, which is a considerable piece of nerve.

dāngjìnshàngjīn殿diànxiǎotǎoguānzhíróngshēn dāngjìnshàngjīn殿diànxiǎotǎoguānzhíróngshēn

I should surely have delivered her up to the golden hall, and begged some office, great or small, to bring me honor.

當得, "ought to, would surely," takes as ; 榮身 is to bring honour to one's person. He paints himself as a man who would have done the correct and mildly ambitious thing.

zhǐyīnshuōshìmínjiāzhīcáibèiwēichénliúzàizhuāngsuǒ zhǐyīnshuōshìmínjiāzhīcáibèiwēichénliúzàizhuāngsuǒ

It was only because she said she was a commoner's daughter that your servant kept her at the manor.

民家之女, a daughter of a common household. The fiction now has an innocent motive for what was in fact a kidnapping and a forced marriage.

màolángcáiliǎngxiāngqíngyuànpèizhìduōnián màolángcáiliǎngxiāngqíngyuànpèizhìduōnián

The maiden fair, the man of parts, and both of one willing mind — and so we have been matched these many years.

女貌郎才 — the woman's beauty, the man's talent — is the stock phrase for a well-matched couple, the Ming equivalent of "made for each other." 兩相情願, both willing, takes as xiāng, "mutually." A woman held prisoner in a cave has just been described as a love match.


總評 Commentary

The tale is a bravura performance of villainous eloquence, and the narrator flags it as such before it starts (巧語花言, 虛情假意). Its method is total inversion: the abduction becomes a rescue, the captor a gallant huntsman, the forced marriage a union freely entered. Every incriminating fact is turned into its exculpating opposite.

It is also cannily self-protecting. By claiming the princess concealed her rank, he heads off the obvious charge — that he married a royal daughter without permission — and even performs the loyal subject's scruple, 怎敢欺心. This lie is built to survive cross-examination, not merely to please.

And it is built to sting. Having put a tiger into the story, the demon can now transfer that beast onto the monk sitting a few feet away. The whole elaborate origin exists to serve one accusation.