第三十一回 · 認親變虎 Kinship Feigned, the Master Made a Tiger — Journey to the West

原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

認親變虎 Kinship Feigned, the Master Made a Tiger

那nà怪guài變biàn做zuò個gè俊jùn俏qiào文wén人rén入rù朝cháo，與yǔ國guó王wáng認rèn親qīn，把bǎ師shī父fù變biàn作zuò老lǎo虎hǔ。又yòu虧kuī了le白bái龍lóng馬mǎ夜yè現xiàn龍lóng身shēn，去qù尋xún師shī父fù，師shī父fù倒dào不bù曾céng尋xún見jiàn，卻què遇yù著zháo那nà怪guài在zài銀yín安ān殿diàn飲yǐn酒jiǔ。他tā變biàn一yì宮gōng娥é，與yǔ他tā巡xún酒jiǔ、舞wǔ刀dāo，欲yù乘chéng機jī而ér砍kǎn，反fǎn被bèi他tā用yòng滿mǎn堂táng紅hóng打dǎ傷shāng馬mǎ腿tuǐ。就jiù是shì他tā教jiào我wǒ來lái請qǐng師shī兄xiōng的de，說shuō道dào：『師shī兄xiōng是shì個gè有yǒu仁rén有yǒu義yì的de君jūn子zǐ，君jūn子zǐ不bú念niàn舊jiù惡è，一yí定dìng肯kěn來lái救jiù師shī父fù一yí難nàn。』萬wàn望wàng哥gē哥gē念niàn『一yí日rì為wéi師shī，終zhōng身shēn為wéi父fù』之zhī情qíng，千qiān萬wàn救jiù他tā一yí救jiù。」那nà怪guài变biàn做zuò个gè俊jùn俏qiào文wén人rén入rù朝cháo，与yǔ国guó王wáng认rèn亲qīn，把bǎ师shī父fù变biàn作zuò老lǎo虎hǔ。又yòu亏kuī了le白bái龙lóng马mǎ夜yè现xiàn龙lóng身shēn，去qù寻xún师shī父fù，师shī父fù倒dào不bù曾céng寻xún见jiàn，却què遇yù著zháo那nà怪guài在zài银yín安ān殿diàn饮yǐn酒jiǔ。他tā变biàn一yì宫gōng娥é，与yǔ他tā巡xún酒jiǔ、舞wǔ刀dāo，欲yù乘chéng机jī而ér砍kǎn，反fǎn被bèi他tā用yòng满mǎn堂táng红hóng打dǎ伤shāng马mǎ腿tuǐ。就jiù是shì他tā教jiào我wǒ来lái请qǐng师shī兄xiōng的de，说shuō道dào：『师shī兄xiōng是shì个gè有yǒu仁rén有yǒu义yì的de君jūn子zǐ，君jūn子zǐ不bú念niàn旧jiù恶è，一yí定dìng肯kěn来lái救jiù师shī父fù一yí难nàn。』万wàn望wàng哥gē哥gē念niàn『一yí日rì为wéi师shī，终zhōng身shēn为wéi父fù』之zhī情qíng，千qiān万wàn救jiù他tā一yí救jiù。」

逐句解 Line by line

那nà怪guài變biàn做zuò個gè俊jùn俏qiào文wén人rén入rù朝cháo，與yǔ國guó王wáng認rèn親qīn，把bǎ師shī父fù變biàn作zuò老lǎo虎hǔ。那nà怪guài变biàn做zuò个gè俊jùn俏qiào文wén人rén入rù朝cháo，与yǔ国guó王wáng认rèn亲qīn，把bǎ师shī父fù变biàn作zuò老lǎo虎hǔ。

The fiend changed himself into a comely young scholar and entered the court, claimed kinship with the king, and turned our master into a tiger.

俊俏 (jùnqiào), handsome, well-favoured. 認親 (rèn qīn), to claim kinship, presenting himself as the princess’s husband. 入朝 (rù cháo), to enter the court; 朝 read cháo.

又yòu虧kuī了le白bái龍lóng馬mǎ夜yè現xiàn龍lóng身shēn，去qù尋xún師shī父fù，師shī父fù倒dào不bù曾céng尋xún見jiàn，卻què遇yù著zháo那nà怪guài在zài銀yín安ān殿diàn飲yǐn酒jiǔ。又yòu亏kuī了le白bái龙lóng马mǎ夜yè现xiàn龙lóng身shēn，去qù寻xún师shī父fù，师shī父fù倒dào不bù曾céng寻xún见jiàn，却què遇yù著zháo那nà怪guài在zài银yín安ān殿diàn饮yǐn酒jiǔ。

Then it fell to the White Dragon Horse, who by night resumed his dragon-shape and went to seek the master — the master he did not find, but he came instead upon the fiend, drinking in the Hall of Silver Peace.

白龍馬 (Báilóngmǎ), the White Dragon Horse, third prince of the Western Sea, serving as Tripitaka’s mount. 倒 (dào) here adversative, “on the contrary.” 遇著 (yù zháo), came upon; 著 read zháo. 銀安殿 (Yín’āndiàn), the Hall of Silver Peace.

他tā變biàn一yì宮gōng娥é，與yǔ他tā巡xún酒jiǔ、舞wǔ刀dāo，欲yù乘chéng機jī而ér砍kǎn，反fǎn被bèi他tā用yòng滿mǎn堂táng紅hóng打dǎ傷shāng馬mǎ腿tuǐ。他tā变biàn一yì宫gōng娥é，与yǔ他tā巡xún酒jiǔ、舞wǔ刀dāo，欲yù乘chéng机jī而ér砍kǎn，反fǎn被bèi他tā用yòng满mǎn堂táng红hóng打dǎ伤shāng马mǎ腿tuǐ。

He changed into a palace maid, poured the wine in turn and danced with the blade, meaning to seize his moment and strike; but the fiend, with a great lamp-stand, wounded him instead in the leg.

宮娥 (gōng’é), a palace waiting-maid. 巡酒 (xún jiǔ), to go round pouring wine. 滿堂紅 (mǎntánghóng), “Hall-Filling Red,” a tall many-branched lamp-stand.

就jiù是shì他tā教jiào我wǒ來lái請qǐng師shī兄xiōng的de，說shuō道dào：『師shī兄xiōng是shì個gè有yǒu仁rén有yǒu義yì的de君jūn子zǐ，君jūn子zǐ不bú念niàn舊jiù惡è，一yí定dìng肯kěn來lái救jiù師shī父fù一yí難nàn。』就jiù是shì他tā教jiào我wǒ来lái请qǐng师shī兄xiōng的de，说shuō道dào：『师shī兄xiōng是shì个gè有yǒu仁rén有yǒu义yì的de君jūn子zǐ，君jūn子zǐ不bú念niàn旧jiù恶è，一yí定dìng肯kěn来lái救jiù师shī父fù一yí难nàn。』

It was he who bade me come and entreat you, elder brother, saying: ‘The elder brother is a gentleman of benevolence and honour, and a gentleman does not brood on old wrongs; surely he will come to save the master from this one calamity.’

君子不念舊惡 (jūnzǐ bù niàn jiù è), “the gentleman does not dwell on old grievances,” echoing the Confucian maxim on magnanimity. 一難 (yí nàn), one tribulation; 難 read nàn, hence 一 as yí.

萬wàn望wàng哥gē哥gē念niàn『一yí日rì為wéi師shī，終zhōng身shēn為wéi父fù』之zhī情qíng，千qiān萬wàn救jiù他tā一yí救jiù。」万wàn望wàng哥gē哥gē念niàn『一yí日rì为wéi师shī，终zhōng身shēn为wéi父fù』之zhī情qíng，千qiān万wàn救jiù他tā一yí救jiù。」

I beg you a thousand times, brother, to honour the bond that ‘a teacher for a single day is a father for a lifetime,’ and by all means to save him — do but save him.

一日為師，終身為父 (yí rì wéi shī, zhōngshēn wéi fù), a proverbial saying: “whom one has served as teacher a single day, one honours as father for life.” 為 here “to be, to serve as,” read wéi.

總評 Commentary

The passage recounts the demon’s boldest stroke — his entry into the court as a handsome scholar, his fraudulent claim of kinship, and the metamorphosis of Tripitaka into a beast — and then the loyal night-sortie of the Dragon Horse, whose failed assassination leaves him lamed. That the horse alone dares to act, and is wounded for it, sharpens the sense that no member of the reduced company can prevail.

Bajie’s peroration is a small masterpiece of suasion. He clothes the request in the Dragon Horse’s mouth, invests it with the Confucian commonplaces of the magnanimous gentleman and the father-like teacher, and so appeals at once to Wukong’s pride, his sense of honour, and the master-disciple bond. The rhetoric is sincere in substance and canny in delivery — and it prepares the reversal of the next passage, where Wukong’s wounded vanity, not these noble sentiments, proves the truer lever.