Canonical Classics ← 第八十回
第八十回
chàyángqiúpèiǒu
xīnyuánzhǔshíyāoxié

The Fair Girl, Nursing the Yang, Seeks a Mate · The Mind-Ape, Guarding His Master, Knows a Fiend

須防仁不仁
模式 Mode Read Study
拼音 Pinyin Off
字體 Script
原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

須防仁不仁 Guard Against the Unkind

xíngzhědào:「zěnde?」sānzàngdào:「shuōhuà?『xìnzhízhōngzhífángrénrén。』zǒuguòhǎochùsōnglínzhèlínshēnyuǎnxíngzhědào:「zěnde?」sānzàngdào:「shuōhuà?『xìnzhízhōngzhífángrénrén。』zǒuguòhǎochùsōnglínzhèlínshēnyuǎn


逐句解 Line by line

xíngzhědào:「zěnde?」 xíngzhědào:「zěnde?」

Pilgrim said, "What is there to fear in it?"

Five characters, with no argument in them at all — only contempt for the question.

sānzàngdào:「shuōhuà sānzàngdào:「shuōhuà

Tripitaka said, "What kind of talk is that?

說那裡話 is a fixed protest, and its is the question word — literally "where does that talk come from?" Chinese still says it today when somebody has been too casual about something serious.

xìnzhízhōngzhífángrénrén。』 xìnzhízhōngzhífángrénrén。』

'Do not trust the straightest of the straight; be on your guard against the kind who are not kind.'

A rhyming warning built on doubling each word: 直中直, straight within straight, against 仁不仁, kind and not-kind. The point is that appearances of virtue are exactly what a fraud will present, so the more upright something looks the more carefully you should check.

zǒuguòhǎochùsōnglínzhèlínshēnyuǎn zǒuguòhǎochùsōnglínzhèlínshēnyuǎn

You and I have walked through a good many pine woods together — was any of them as deep and far-reaching as this one?

He reasons from experience, which is Pilgrim's own method turned back on him. Tripitaka has walked through pine woods before, and this one is not like those.


總評 Commentary

This proverb is the chapter in miniature, and the novel knows it. Do not trust what looks upright; guard against apparent kindness. Tripitaka quotes it here to justify being afraid of a wood.

Within a few pages he will be shown something that looks exactly like innocence in distress, and he will not apply his own proverb to it for a moment. Pilgrim will apply it for him, and be shouted down for it. The novel very rarely spells out its morals this far in advance, and when it does it is usually about to show you somebody failing to follow one.