Canonical Classics ← 第八十一回
第八十一回
鎮zhèn海hǎi寺sì心xīn猿yuán知zhī怪guài
黑hēi松sōng林lín三sān眾zhòng尋xún師shī

At the Sea-Calming Monastery the Mind-Ape Knows the Fiend · In the Black Pine Wood the Three Seek Their Master

兔死狐悲
模式 Mode Read Study
拼音 Pinyin Off
字體 Script 繁
原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

兔死狐悲 The Fox Grieves For The Hare

行xíng者zhě說shuō道dào:「我wǒ們men住zhù了le三sān日rì,已yǐ是shì吃chī了le這zhè寺sì裡lǐ六liù個gè小xiǎo和hé尚shàng了le。」長zhǎng老lǎo道dào:「『兔tù死sǐ狐hú悲bēi,物wù傷shāng其qí類lèi。』行xíng者zhě说shuō道dào:「我wǒ们men住zhù了le三sān日rì,已yǐ是shì吃chī了le这zhè寺sì里lǐ六liù个gè小xiǎo和hé尚shàng了le。」长zhǎng老lǎo道dào:「『兔tù死sǐ狐hú悲bēi,物wù伤shāng其qí类lèi。』


逐句解 Line by line

行xíng者zhě說shuō道dào:「我wǒ們men住zhù了le三sān日rì,已yǐ是shì吃chī了le這zhè寺sì裡lǐ六liù個gè小xiǎo和hé尚shàng了le。」 行xíng者zhě说shuō道dào:「我wǒ们men住zhù了le三sān日rì,已yǐ是shì吃chī了le这zhè寺sì里lǐ六liù个gè小xiǎo和hé尚shàng了le。」

Pilgrim said, "In the three days we have stayed, he has already eaten six of the young monks of this monastery."

The same figure the monks gave, repeated to the one person who had not heard it. Three days, six monks.

長zhǎng老lǎo道dào:「『兔tù死sǐ狐hú悲bēi,物wù傷shāng其qí類lèi。』 长zhǎng老lǎo道dào:「『兔tù死sǐ狐hú悲bēi,物wù伤shāng其qí类lèi。』

The Elder said, "'When the hare dies the fox grieves; creatures are wounded by the fate of their own kind.'

兔死狐悲 is one of the best-known four-character phrases in the language and it is usually said with a sneer, of insincere mourning. Tripitaka uses it in its straight sense, and the second clause spells out why.


總評 Commentary

The proverb turns the argument over completely, and it does so on the strength of a single word: kind. The hare and the fox are not friends. They grieve because they are the same sort of animal.

Tripitaka has been refusing to let his disciple fight for three passages, on grounds of doctrine and of his own safety. Told that monks are being eaten, he changes sides at once, and his reason is not compassion in the abstract. It is that he is a monk.

The phrase is normally used cynically in Chinese, of crocodile tears. It is worth noticing that this novel gives it to the one character who means it without irony.