Canonical Classics ← 第二十五回
第二十五回
鎮zhèn元yuán仙xiān趕gǎn捉zhuō取qǔ經jīng僧sēng
孫sūn行xíng者zhě大dà鬧nào五wǔ莊zhuāng觀guàn

The Immortal Zhenyuan Pursues and Seizes the Scripture-Seeking Monk · Sun the Pilgrim Makes Great Havoc at the Five-Villages Abbey

全真問路
模式 Mode Read Study
拼音 Pinyin Off
字體 Script 繁
原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

全真問路 The Daoist Makes Inquiry

徑jìng直zhí來lái到dào樹shù下xià,對duì唐táng僧sēng高gāo叫jiào道dào:「長zhǎng老lǎo,貧pín道dào起qǐ手shǒu了le。」那nà長zhǎng老lǎo忙máng忙máng答dá禮lǐ道dào:「失shī瞻zhān,失shī瞻zhān。」大dà仙xiān問wèn:「長zhǎng老lǎo是shì那nǎ方fāng來lái的de?為wèi何hé在zài途tú中zhōng打dǎ坐zuò?」三sān藏zàng道dào:「貧pín僧sēng乃nǎi東dōng土tǔ大dà唐táng差chāi往wǎng西xī天tiān取qǔ經jīng者zhě,路lù過guò此cǐ間jiān,權quán為wèi一yì歇xiē。」大dà仙xiān佯yáng訝yà道dào:「長zhǎng老lǎo東dōng來lái,可kě曾céng在zài荒huāng山shān經jīng過guò?」長zhǎng老lǎo道dào:「不bù知zhī仙xiān官guān是shì何hé寶bǎo山shān?」大dà仙xiān道dào:「萬wàn壽shòu山shān五wǔ莊zhuāng觀guàn,便biàn是shì貧pín道dào棲qī止zhǐ處chù。」径jìng直zhí来lái到dào树shù下xià,对duì唐táng僧sēng高gāo叫jiào道dào:「长zhǎng老lǎo,贫pín道dào起qǐ手shǒu了le。」那nà长zhǎng老lǎo忙máng忙máng答dá礼lǐ道dào:「失shī瞻zhān,失shī瞻zhān。」大dà仙xiān问wèn:「长zhǎng老lǎo是shì那nǎ方fāng来lái的de?为wèi何hé在zài途tú中zhōng打dǎ坐zuò?」三sān藏zàng道dào:「贫pín僧sēng乃nǎi东dōng土tǔ大dà唐táng差chāi往wǎng西xī天tiān取qǔ经jīng者zhě,路lù过guò此cǐ间jiān,权quán为wèi一yì歇xiē。」大dà仙xiān佯yáng讶yà道dào:「长zhǎng老lǎo东dōng来lái,可kě曾céng在zài荒huāng山shān经jīng过guò?」长zhǎng老lǎo道dào:「不bù知zhī仙xiān官guān是shì何hé宝bǎo山shān?」大dà仙xiān道dào:「万wàn寿shòu山shān五wǔ庄zhuāng观guàn,便biàn是shì贫pín道dào栖qī止zhǐ处chù。」


逐句解 Line by line

徑jìng直zhí來lái到dào樹shù下xià,對duì唐táng僧sēng高gāo叫jiào道dào:「長zhǎng老lǎo,貧pín道dào起qǐ手shǒu了le。」 径jìng直zhí来lái到dào树shù下xià,对duì唐táng僧sēng高gāo叫jiào道dào:「长zhǎng老lǎo,贫pín道dào起qǐ手shǒu了le。」

He came straight up beneath the tree and called aloud to the Tang Monk: "Elder, this humble Daoist salutes you."

He opens with impeccable manners. 貧道, pín dào, "this poor Daoist," is the humble self-reference a Daoist uses, the mirror of the monk's 貧僧. 起手, qǐ shǒu, is the Daoist salute, hands raised together. 長老, zhǎng lǎo, "elder," is the courteous form for a senior monk, with 長 as zhǎng.

那nà長zhǎng老lǎo忙máng忙máng答dá禮lǐ道dào:「失shī瞻zhān,失shī瞻zhān。」 那nà长zhǎng老lǎo忙máng忙máng答dá礼lǐ道dào:「失shī瞻zhān,失shī瞻zhān。」

The elder hurriedly returned the courtesy: "Forgive me, forgive me for not seeing you sooner."

失瞻, shī zhān, is "I failed to see you" — the standard apology when somebody greets you first, roughly "forgive me, I hadn't noticed you there." Doubling it makes it warmer.

大dà仙xiān問wèn:「長zhǎng老lǎo是shì那nǎ方fāng來lái的de? 大dà仙xiān问wèn:「长zhǎng老lǎo是shì那nǎ方fāng来lái的de?

The Great Immortal asked, "From which quarter has the elder come?

那方來的, nǎ fāng lái de, "from which quarter?" — interrogative 那 as nǎ. He knows the answer perfectly well.

為wèi何hé在zài途tú中zhōng打dǎ坐zuò?」 为wèi何hé在zài途tú中zhōng打dǎ坐zuò?」

"And why do you sit in meditation here on the road?"

為何, wèi hé, "for what reason," with 為 as wèi, "because of." 打坐, dǎ zuò, is sitting in meditation, which is a polite way of describing a man who has fallen asleep by the roadside.

三sān藏zàng道dào:「貧pín僧sēng乃nǎi東dōng土tǔ大dà唐táng差chāi往wǎng西xī天tiān取qǔ經jīng者zhě,路lù過guò此cǐ間jiān,權quán為wèi一yì歇xiē。」 三sān藏zàng道dào:「贫pín僧sēng乃nǎi东dōng土tǔ大dà唐táng差chāi往wǎng西xī天tiān取qǔ经jīng者zhě,路lù过guò此cǐ间jiān,权quán为wèi一yì歇xiē。」

Sanzang said, "This poor monk is one sent from the Great Tang in the Eastern Land to fetch scriptures in the West; passing through here, I take a makeshift rest."

Sanzang gives the full formula, as he does to everyone he meets. 差往西天取經者, "one dispatched to the Western Heaven to fetch the scriptures," takes 差 as chāi, "to send on a commission," not chà, "to be wrong." 權為一歇, "a rest for the time being," with 為 as wèi.

大dà仙xiān佯yáng訝yà道dào:「長zhǎng老lǎo東dōng來lái,可kě曾céng在zài荒huāng山shān經jīng過guò?」 大dà仙xiān佯yáng讶yà道dào:「长zhǎng老lǎo东dōng来lái,可kě曾céng在zài荒huāng山shān经jīng过guò?」

The Great Immortal feigned surprise: "The elder comes from the east—might you have passed by my poor mountain on the way?"

Now the trap closes by a degree. 佯訝, yáng yà, is to feign surprise — the narrator tells us outright that the astonishment is acted. 荒山, huāng shān, "my barren mountain," is a modest way of referring to your own home, like calling your house a hovel; the mountain in question is Ten Thousand Years.

長zhǎng老lǎo道dào:「不bù知zhī仙xiān官guān是shì何hé寶bǎo山shān?」 长zhǎng老lǎo道dào:「不bù知zhī仙xiān官guān是shì何hé宝bǎo山shān?」

The elder said, "I do not know—which is the immortal officer's treasured mountain?"

Sanzang, who has not the least idea, asks politely which mountain is meant. 仙官, xiān guān, "immortal officer," and 寶山, bǎo shān, "your treasured mountain," are both courtesies — you inflate the other man's and deflate your own.

大dà仙xiān道dào:「萬wàn壽shòu山shān五wǔ莊zhuāng觀guàn,便biàn是shì貧pín道dào棲qī止zhǐ處chù。」 大dà仙xiān道dào:「万wàn寿shòu山shān五wǔ庄zhuāng观guàn,便biàn是shì贫pín道dào栖qī止zhǐ处chù。」

The Great Immortal said, "The Five-Villages Abbey on the Mount of Ten Thousand Years—that is where this poor Daoist dwells."

And there it is, said pleasantly. 棲止處, qī zhǐ chù, "my perching place," with 棲, qī, the verb for a bird settling — still modest, still smiling. 五莊觀 takes 觀 as guàn.


總評 Commentary

The whole exchange is a comedy of manners with a knife in it. Every line is correct: the Daoist salute, the monk's apology for not seeing him, the modest "my barren mountain" against the flattering "your treasured mountain." Two strangers being extremely polite by the roadside — and one of them has come nine hundred lǐ to arrest the other four.

The Patriarch of the Earthly Immortals plays the humble mendicant with evident enjoyment, drawing the account out of Sanzang question by question until he can name his own abbey and watch what happens. He does not need any of this information. He is doing it to see who flinches.

Sanzang, who is honest and therefore useless as a conspirator, answers everything straight. The flinch, when it comes, will not be his.