Canonical Classics ← 第十一回
第十一回
yóutàizōnghuánhún
jìnguāguǒliúquánpèi

Touring the Underworld, Taizong Returns to Life · Presenting Melons and Fruit, Liu Quan Renews the Marriage Bond

判官告回
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原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

判官告回 The Magistrate Takes His Leave

pànguānsòngtángwángzhízhìchāoshēngguìdàoménbàitángwángdào:「xiàajiānnǎichūtóuzhīchùxiǎopàngàohuízhuózhūtàiwèizàisòngchéng。」tángwángxièdào:「yǒuláoxiānshēngyuǎn。」pànguāndào:「xiàdàoyángjiānqiānwànzuòshuǐhuìchāozhǔdeyuānhúnqièwàngleruòshìyīnbàoyuànzhīshēngyángshìjiānfāngxiǎngtàipíngzhīqìngfánbǎishànzhīchùgǎiguòshìrénwéishànguǎnjiàohòudài綿miánchángjiāngshānyǒng。」pànguānsòngtángwángzhízhìchāoshēngguìdàoménbàitángwángdào:「xiàajiānnǎichūtóuzhīchùxiǎopàngàohuízhuózhūtàiwèizàisòngchéng。」tángwángxièdào:「yǒuláoxiānshēngyuǎn。」pànguāndào:「xiàdàoyángjiānqiānwànzuòshuǐhuìchāozhǔdeyuānhúnqièwàngleruòshìyīnbàoyuànzhīshēngyángshìjiānfāngxiǎngtàipíngzhīqìngfánbǎishànzhīchùgǎiguòshìrénwéishànguǎnjiàohòudàimiánchángjiāngshānyǒng。」


逐句解 Line by line

pànguānsòngtángwángzhízhìchāoshēngguìdàoménbàitángwángdào:「xiàajiānnǎichūtóuzhīchùxiǎopàngàohuízhuózhūtàiwèizàisòngchéng。」 pànguānsòngtángwángzhízhìchāoshēngguìdàoménbàitángwángdào:「xiàajiānnǎichūtóuzhīchùxiǎopàngàohuízhuózhūtàiwèizàisòngchéng。」

The magistrate escorted the Tang king right up to the gate of the noble path of rebirth and, bowing, called out, 'Your Majesty, this is the place of emergence. Your humble magistrate begs leave to return, and has Marshal Zhu see you the rest of the way.'

超生貴道門 is the gate onto the "noble path" of rebirth, one of the six just described — and it is being used as an exit. 出頭之處 is "the place where you come out." is zhuó, to direct someone.

tángwángxièdào:「yǒuláoxiānshēngyuǎn。」 tángwángxièdào:「yǒuláoxiānshēngyuǎn。」

The Tang king thanked him: 'I have troubled you, sir, to come so far.'

遠踄, yuǎn bù, is to walk a long way; is a variant writing of , to step.

pànguāndào:「xiàdàoyángjiānqiānwànzuòshuǐhuìchāozhǔdeyuānhúnqièwàngle pànguāndào:「xiàdàoyángjiānqiānwànzuòshuǐhuìchāozhǔdeyuānhúnqièwàngle

The magistrate said, 'When Your Majesty reaches the world of light, by all means hold a Grand Mass of Land and Water to deliver the ownerless, wronged souls — do not on any account forget.'

The magistrate collects on the favour. 超度 is to ferry the dead over to salvation — the technical verb for what a Buddhist requiem does. 無主的冤魂 are the "masterless wronged souls," the ones with nobody to burn offerings for them: the unransomed dead of the Nai and the City of the Wrongfully Dead.

ruòshìyīnbàoyuànzhīshēngyángshìjiānfāngxiǎngtàipíngzhīqìng ruòshìyīnbàoyuànzhīshēngyángshìjiānfāngxiǎngtàipíngzhīqìng

'If in the shadow-world there be no voice of grievance, then the world of light may enjoy the blessings of great peace.'

報怨 is to repay a grievance. 方得 uses : only then can. The political claim is unmissable — peace in the country above depends on nobody complaining below.

fánbǎishànzhīchùgǎiguò fánbǎishànzhīchùgǎiguò

'Whatever is not good in all your conduct may be reformed, point by point.'

凡百 is "in all things." 一一, yī yī, is "one by one," a doubling that means point by point, item by item.

shìrénwéishànguǎnjiàohòudài綿miánchángjiāngshānyǒng。」 shìrénwéishànguǎnjiàohòudàimiánchángjiāngshānyǒng。」

'Exhort all the world to do good, and I warrant your posterity shall be long, and your realm forever secure.'

為善 is wéi shàn, to do good. 管教, with as jiào, is "I guarantee." 綿長, mián cháng, is long-drawn-out, like unwinding silk floss; is cháng. The terms are now fully stated: preach virtue, and your dynasty lasts.


總評 Commentary

Cuī Jué's parting instructions are the moral contract of the whole episode, and they make plain that the reprieve is conditional. Taizong must sponsor the Grand Mass to release the souls he cannot otherwise repay, reform his own conduct point by point, and preach virtue to the empire — and in return his dynasty is promised endurance.

The magistrate is describing statecraft in the language of karma: peace above depends on settling the grievances below.