Canonical Classics ← 第十一回
第十一回
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Touring the Underworld, Taizong Returns to Life · Presenting Melons and Fruit, Liu Quan Renews the Marriage Bond

十王伏禮
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十王伏禮 The Kings Concede

shíwángwényándào:「lóngwèishēngzhīqiánnándòuxīng簿shàngzhùdìnggāizāoshāréncáozhīshǒuděngzǎozhīzhīdànzhǐshìzàizhébiàndìngyàoxiàláisāncáoduìànshìděngjiāngsònglúnzàngzhuǎnshēnglejīnyòuyǒuláoxiàjiànglínwàngshùcuīzhīzuì。」shíwángwényándào:「lóngwèishēngzhīqiánnándòuxīng簿shàngzhùdìnggāizāoshāréncáozhīshǒuděngzǎozhīzhīdànzhǐshìzàizhébiàndìngyàoxiàláisāncáoduìànshìděngjiāngsònglúnzàngzhuǎnshēnglejīnyòuyǒuláoxiàjiànglínwàngshùcuīzhīzuì。」


逐句解 Line by line

shíwángwényándào:「lóngwèishēngzhīqiánnándòuxīng簿shàngzhùdìnggāizāoshāréncáozhīshǒuděngzǎozhīzhī shíwángwényándào:「lóngwèishēngzhīqiánnándòuxīng簿shàngzhùdìnggāizāoshāréncáozhīshǒuděngzǎozhīzhī

Hearing this, the Ten Kings bowed in courtesy and said, 'Even before that dragon was born, the death-register of the Southern Dipper had already fixed that he should perish by the hand of the Bureau of Men. This we knew long ago.'

The bench folds immediately, and the reason is bureaucratic. 伏禮 is to bow low in acknowledgement. The 南斗星死簿 is the death register of the Southern Dipper, 南斗, which in popular belief keeps the accounts of dying as the Northern Dipper keeps those of living. The dragon's death was logged before he was born; the file was closed before the case opened.

dànzhǐshìzàizhébiàndìngyàoxiàláisāncáoduìàn dànzhǐshìzàizhébiàndìngyàoxiàláisāncáoduìàn

'It was only that he came here to press his dispute and insisted that Your Majesty be brought to face the three-tribunal confrontation.'

折辨 is a variant writing of 折辯, to argue a case out. 三曹對案 is the joint hearing of plaintiff, defendant and bench — and the Kings are now admitting they only convened it because the plaintiff insisted.

shìděngjiāngsònglúnzàngzhuǎnshēngle shìděngjiāngsònglúnzàngzhuǎnshēngle

'We have now sent him into the Wheel of Transmigration, and he has gone off to be reborn.'

The plaintiff, meanwhile, has already been processed. 輪藏, lún zàng, is properly a revolving sutra-cabinet, and by extension the turning Wheel of Rebirth, 輪迴; is zàng, a repository. 轉生 is to be reborn into a new life. He sued, won a hearing, and was reincarnated before it convened.

jīnyòuyǒuláoxiàjiànglínwàngshùcuīzhīzuì。」 jīnyòuyǒuláoxiàjiànglínwàngshùcuīzhīzuì。」

'Now we have again put Your Majesty to the trouble of descending here; we beg your pardon for the offense of having pressed you to come.'

降臨, jiàng lín, "to descend and arrive," is how you speak of a distinguished guest turning up, not a defendant. With that apology the emperor's acquittal is complete — and nobody has yet mentioned that he is due to die.


總評 Commentary

The Kings' reply takes the case apart in three sentences: the death was predestined and recorded, the hearing was a formality forced on them by the plaintiff, and the plaintiff has already been sent off to be reborn.

Their elaborate apologies invert the usual relation of judge and judged — the emperor is treated less as a defendant than as a distinguished guest put to some inconvenience by the paperwork.