Canonical Classics ← 第十一回
第十一回
yóutàizōnghuánhún
jìnguāguǒliúquánpèi

Touring the Underworld, Taizong Returns to Life · Presenting Melons and Fruit, Liu Quan Renews the Marriage Bond

劉全進瓜
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原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

劉全進瓜 Liu Quan Presents the Melons

liúquánguǒérdiǎnhúnlíngdǐngzheguāguǒzǎodàoguǐménguānshàngméndeguǐ使shǐdào:「shìshénréngǎnláichù?」liúquándào:「fèngtángtàizōnghuángqīnchāijìnguāguǒshídàiyánwángshòuyòngde。」guǐ使shǐxīnránjiēyǐnliúquánjìngzhìsēnluóbǎo殿diànjiànleyánwángjiāngguāguǒjìnshàngdào:「fèngtángwángzhǐyuǎnjìnguāguǒxièshíwángkuānyòuzhīēn。」yánwángdào:「hǎoyǒuxìnyǒudetàizōnghuáng!」suìshōuleguāguǒliúquánguǒérdiǎnhúnlíngdǐngzheguāguǒzǎodàoguǐménguānshàngméndeguǐ使shǐdào:「shìshénréngǎnláichù?」liúquándào:「fèngtángtàizōnghuángqīnchāijìnguāguǒshídàiyánwángshòuyòngde。」guǐ使shǐxīnránjiēyǐnliúquánjìngzhìsēnluóbǎo殿diànjiànleyánwángjiāngguāguǒjìnshàngdào:「fèngtángwángzhǐyuǎnjìnguāguǒxièshíwángkuānyòuzhīēn。」yánwángdào:「hǎoyǒuxìnyǒudetàizōnghuáng!」suìshōuleguāguǒ


逐句解 Line by line

liúquánguǒérdiǎnhúnlíngdǐngzheguāguǒzǎodàoguǐménguānshàng liúquánguǒérdiǎnhúnlíngdǐngzheguāguǒzǎodàoguǐménguānshàng

Liu Quan did indeed take the poison and die, and his single wisp of a soul, balancing the melons and fruit upon its head, came at once to the Gate of Ghosts.

一點魂靈 is "a single dot of soul," the smallest unit the language allows. 頂著 uses zhe: still balancing them. 鬼門關 is the Gate of Ghosts the emperor came through earlier — and this time somebody is arriving on purpose.

méndeguǐ使shǐdào:「shìshénréngǎnláichù?」 méndeguǐ使shǐdào:「shìshénréngǎnláichù?」

The gate-keeping demon shouted, 'Who are you, that you dare come to this place?'

甚人 is shén rén, "what person" — a challenge, not a question.

liúquándào:「fèngtángtàizōnghuángqīnchāijìnguāguǒshídàiyánwángshòuyòngde。」 liúquándào:「fèngtángtàizōnghuángqīnchāijìnguāguǒshídàiyánwángshòuyòngde。」

Liu Quan said, 'I come by imperial commission of the Great Tang Emperor Taizong, expressly to present melons and fruit for the Ten Kings' enjoyment.'

欽差, qīn chāi, is an imperial commission, the word for an envoy sent by the emperor in person. Liu Quan is not a suicide; he is a courier with credentials. 受用 is to enjoy or partake of.

guǐ使shǐxīnránjiēyǐn guǐ使shǐxīnránjiēyǐn

The demon gladly received and led him in.

接引 is to receive someone and show them in — a marked change of manner from the shout of two lines earlier, and produced entirely by the mention of the emperor's name.

liúquánjìngzhìsēnluóbǎo殿diànjiànleyánwángjiāngguāguǒjìnshàngdào:「fèngtángwángzhǐyuǎnjìnguāguǒxièshíwángkuānyòuzhīēn。」 liúquánjìngzhìsēnluóbǎo殿diànjiànleyánwángjiāngguāguǒjìnshàngdào:「fèngtángwángzhǐyuǎnjìnguāguǒxièshíwángkuānyòuzhīēn。」

Liu Quan went straight to the Hall of Judgment, and when he had seen King Yama, presented the melons and fruit, saying, 'By the Tang king's command I come from afar to present melons and fruit, in thanks for the Ten Kings' gracious clemency.'

寬宥 is lenience and pardon. is jiāng.

yánwángdào:「hǎoyǒuxìnyǒudetàizōnghuáng!」suìshōuleguāguǒ yánwángdào:「hǎoyǒuxìnyǒudetàizōnghuáng!」suìshōuleguāguǒ

King Yama, greatly pleased, said, 'What a faithful and virtuous Emperor Taizong!' — and thereupon accepted the melons and fruit.

有信有德 is to keep your word and have virtue — and , good faith, is the point. The emperor made a throwaway promise on his way out of hell, of the kind everyone treats as a figure of speech, and then sent the melons.


總評 Commentary

Liu Quan's arrival makes good the melon promise Taizong left with when he parted from the Ten Kings: a man has died expressly to carry pumpkins to hell.

The comic literalism of the errand — a soul balancing fruit on its head at the Gate of Ghosts — is answered by King Yama's entirely serious praise, because the emperor has kept a promise most people would have treated as a polite noise. Keeping your word, even to the dead, is quietly established here as a sovereign virtue.