Canonical Classics ← 第五十八回
第五十八回
二èr心xīn攪jiǎo亂luàn大dà乾qián坤kūn
一yì體tǐ難nán修xiū真zhēn寂jì滅miè

Two Minds Throw the Great Cosmos into Confusion · One Body Cannot Cultivate the True Nirvana

二猴相敵
模式 Mode Read Study
拼音 Pinyin Off
字體 Script 繁
原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition 含詞賦 With rhapsody

二猴相敵 Two Staves Two Apes

二èr行xíng者zhě在zài一yí處chù,果guǒ是shì不bù分fēn真zhēn假jiǎ,好hǎo打dǎ呀ya:二èr行xíng者zhě在zài一yí处chù,果guǒ是shì不bù分fēn真zhēn假jiǎ,好hǎo打dǎ呀ya:

兩liǎng條tiáo棒bàng,二èr猴hóu精jīng,這zhè場cháng相xiāng敵dí實shí非fēi輕qīng。两liǎng条tiáo棒bàng,二èr猴hóu精jīng,这zhè场cháng相xiāng敌dí实shí非fēi轻qīng。
都dōu要yào護hù持chí唐táng御yù弟dì,各gè施shī功gōng績jì立lì英yīng名míng。都dōu要yào护hù持chí唐táng御yù弟dì,各gè施shī功gōng绩jì立lì英yīng名míng。
真zhēn猴hóu實shí受shòu沙shā門mén教jiào,假jiǎ怪guài虛xū稱chēng佛fó子zǐ情qíng。真zhēn猴hóu实shí受shòu沙shā门mén教jiào,假jiǎ怪guài虚xū称chēng佛fó子zǐ情qíng。
蓋gài為wèi神shén通tōng多duō變biàn化huà,無wú真zhēn無wú假jiǎ兩liǎng相xiāng平píng。盖gài为wèi神shén通tōng多duō变biàn化huà,无wú真zhēn无wú假jiǎ两liǎng相xiāng平píng。
一yí個gè是shì混hùn元yuán一yí氣qì齊qí天tiān聖shèng,一yí個gè是shì久jiǔ煉liàn千qiān靈líng縮suō地dì精jīng。一yí个gè是shì混hùn元yuán一yí气qì齐qí天tiān圣shèng,一yí个gè是shì久jiǔ炼liàn千qiān灵líng缩suō地dì精jīng。
這zhè個gè是shì如rú意yì金jīn箍gū棒bàng,那nà個gè是shì隨suí心xīn鐵tiě桿gǎn兵bīng。这zhè个gè是shì如rú意yì金jīn箍gū棒bàng,那nà个gè是shì随suí心xīn铁tiě杆gǎn兵bīng。
隔gé架jià遮zhē攔lán無wú勝shèng敗bài,撐chēng持chí抵dǐ敵dí沒méi輸shū贏yíng。隔gé架jià遮zhē拦lán无wú胜shèng败bài,撑chēng持chí抵dǐ敌dí没méi输shū赢yíng。
先xiān前qián交jiāo手shǒu在zài洞dòng外wài,少shǎo頃qǐng爭zhēng持chí起qǐ半bàn空kōng。先xiān前qián交jiāo手shǒu在zài洞dòng外wài,少shǎo顷qǐng争zhēng持chí起qǐ半bàn空kōng。

逐句解 Line by line

二èr行xíng者zhě在zài一yí處chù,果guǒ是shì不bù分fēn真zhēn假jiǎ,好hǎo打dǎ呀ya: 二èr行xíng者zhě在zài一yí处chù,果guǒ是shì不bù分fēn真zhēn假jiǎ,好hǎo打dǎ呀ya:

The two Pilgrims closed in one place, and truly there was no telling true from false. A fine fight it was:

The tag 好打呀 — what a fight! — is the storyteller winding up his audience before the set-piece, and the printed page runs it straight into the verse that follows.

兩liǎng條tiáo棒bàng,二èr猴hóu精jīng,這zhè場cháng相xiāng敵dí實shí非fēi輕qīng。 两liǎng条tiáo棒bàng,二èr猴hóu精jīng,这zhè场cháng相xiāng敌dí实shí非fēi轻qīng。

Two rods of iron, two ape-sprites, / this bout of matched foes was no light thing.

相敵 takes xiāng, evenly matched against each other, the sense of two things doing something to one another — not the xiàng of 相貌, a face.

都dōu要yào護hù持chí唐táng御yù弟dì,各gè施shī功gōng績jì立lì英yīng名míng。 都dōu要yào护hù持chí唐táng御yù弟dì,各gè施shī功gōng绩jì立lì英yīng名míng。

Both would guard and uphold the Tang Imperial Brother, / each plied his merits to set up a hero's name.

The Tang Imperial Brother, 唐御弟, is Tripitaka, sworn younger brother to the Tang emperor. 都 is dōu, both of them — and both of them claim to be guarding him.

真zhēn猴hóu實shí受shòu沙shā門mén教jiào,假jiǎ怪guài虛xū稱chēng佛fó子zǐ情qíng。 真zhēn猴hóu实shí受shòu沙shā门mén教jiào,假jiǎ怪guài虚xū称chēng佛fó子zǐ情qíng。

The true ape in truth received the teaching of the Śramaṇa gate; / the false monster falsely laid claim to the Buddha-son's feeling.

The one line in the whole poem that takes a side. 佛子 reads zǐ, a son of the Buddha: the dignified word keeps its full tone, as 弟子 and 童子 do elsewhere in the project, rather than the flat zi of 猴子, a monkey.

蓋gài為wèi神shén通tōng多duō變biàn化huà,無wú真zhēn無wú假jiǎ兩liǎng相xiāng平píng。 盖gài为wèi神shén通tōng多duō变biàn化huà,无wú真zhēn无wú假jiǎ两liǎng相xiāng平píng。

Because their spirit-powers were many in transformation, / with no true and no false the two stood level.

And here the poem gives the side back again. 無真無假兩相平 states the chapter's problem as a piece of arithmetic rather than a mystery: no true, no false, the two exactly level. 為 is wèi, because.

一yí個gè是shì混hùn元yuán一yí氣qì齊qí天tiān聖shèng,一yí個gè是shì久jiǔ煉liàn千qiān靈líng縮suō地dì精jīng。 一yí个gè是shì混hùn元yuán一yí气qì齐qí天tiān圣shèng,一yí个gè是shì久jiǔ炼liàn千qiān灵líng缩suō地dì精jīng。

The one was the Primal-Unity Breath, Sage Equal to Heaven; / the one was a long-refined thousand-spirit earth-shrinking sprite.

Two grand titles, and the verse refuses to say which belongs to whom: 一個…一個, the one … the one. Not "the other". Even the grammar declines to make a distinction.

這zhè個gè是shì如rú意yì金jīn箍gū棒bàng,那nà個gè是shì隨suí心xīn鐵tiě桿gǎn兵bīng。 这zhè个gè是shì如rú意yì金jīn箍gū棒bàng,那nà个gè是shì随suí心xīn铁tiě杆gǎn兵bīng。

This one had the As-You-Will gold-hooped rod; / that one had a follow-the-heart iron-shafted arm.

The impostor's weapon takes its name from a synonym of Wukong's. 如意金箍棒 is the As-You-Will Gold-Hooped Rod; 隨心鐵桿兵 answers it with 隨心, follow-the-heart, which means the same thing in different words. Even the props rhyme.

隔gé架jià遮zhē攔lán無wú勝shèng敗bài,撐chēng持chí抵dǐ敵dí沒méi輸shū贏yíng。 隔gé架jià遮zhē拦lán无wú胜shèng败bài,撑chēng持chí抵dǐ敌dí没méi输shū赢yíng。

Parrying and blocking, there was no victory or defeat; / propping and withstanding, there was no losing or winning.

The line puts 無 and 沒 on either side of the break — the bookish negative and the everyday one, both saying nothing doing. 沒 is méi, there is not.

先xiān前qián交jiāo手shǒu在zài洞dòng外wài,少shǎo頃qǐng爭zhēng持chí起qǐ半bàn空kōng。 先xiān前qián交jiāo手shǒu在zài洞dòng外wài,少shǎo顷qǐng争zhēng持chí起qǐ半bàn空kōng。

At first they crossed hands outside the cave; / in a little while the contest rose into mid-air.

少頃, shǎo, in a little while. This last pair of lines ends the set-piece by lifting the fight into the air, and the prose that follows picks it up there.


總評 Commentary

The set-piece is built almost entirely out of pairs — 兩條, 二猴, 都要, 各施, 一個…一個, 這個…那個 — and every pair is perfectly balanced. Verse of this kind normally uses its symmetry to set two things against each other. Here the symmetry has nothing to separate, and the form itself becomes the argument.

The third couplet is the only one that claims a difference: 真猴實受沙門教,假怪虛稱佛子情. The narrator knows which is which and says so, setting 實, really, against 虛, emptily, and 受, received, against 稱, claimed. One of them took the vows; the other only says he feels the part. This is knowledge available to the poem and to the reader and to nobody inside the story. Two lines later the verse gives it up again — 無真無假兩相平 — and that surrender governs everything that follows.

The difference the couplet does draw is worth keeping hold of, because it is not a difference of power or of looks. It is the difference between having gone through something and saying you have. 受 is passive and historical; 稱 is active and present-tense. No fight can test that, which is exactly why this fight cannot end.