第五十八回 · 訴說原因 The Great Sage Recites — Journey to the West

原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

訴說原因 The Great Sage Recites

大dà聖shèng道dào：「我wǒ因yīn保bǎo護hù唐táng僧sēng往wǎng西xī天tiān取qǔ經jīng，在zài路lù上shàng打dǎ殺shā賊zéi徒tú，那nà三sān藏zàng趕gǎn我wǒ回huí去qù，我wǒ徑jìng到dào普pǔ陀tuó崖yá見jiàn觀guān音yīn菩pú薩sà訴sù苦kǔ。不bù想xiǎng這zhè妖yāo精jīng幾jǐ時shí就jiù變biàn作zuò我wǒ的de模mú樣yàng，打dǎ倒dǎo唐táng僧sēng，搶qiǎng去qù包bāo袱fú。有yǒu沙shā僧sēng至zhì花huā果guǒ山shān尋xún討tǎo，只zhǐ見jiàn這zhè妖yāo精jīng占zhàn了le我wǒ的de巢cháo穴xué。後hòu到dào普pǔ陀tuó崖yá告gào請qǐng菩pú薩sà，又yòu見jiàn我wǒ侍shì立lì臺tái下xià，沙shā僧sēng誑kuáng說shuō是shì我wǒ駕jià觔jīn斗dǒu雲yún，又yòu先xiān在zài菩pú薩sà處chù遮zhē飾shì。大dà圣shèng道dào：「我wǒ因yīn保bǎo护hù唐táng僧sēng往wǎng西xī天tiān取qǔ经jīng，在zài路lù上shàng打dǎ杀shā贼zéi徒tú，那nà三sān藏zàng赶gǎn我wǒ回huí去qù，我wǒ径jìng到dào普pǔ陀tuó崖yá见jiàn观guān音yīn菩pú萨sà诉sù苦kǔ。不bù想xiǎng这zhè妖yāo精jīng几jǐ时shí就jiù变biàn作zuò我wǒ的de模mú样yàng，打dǎ倒dǎo唐táng僧sēng，抢qiǎng去qù包bāo袱fú。有yǒu沙shā僧sēng至zhì花huā果guǒ山shān寻xún讨tǎo，只zhǐ见jiàn这zhè妖yāo精jīng占zhàn了le我wǒ的de巢cháo穴xué。后hòu到dào普pǔ陀tuó崖yá告gào请qǐng菩pú萨sà，又yòu见jiàn我wǒ侍shì立lì台tái下xià，沙shā僧sēng诳kuáng说shuō是shì我wǒ驾jià觔jīn斗dǒu云yún，又yòu先xiān在zài菩pú萨sà处chù遮zhē饰shì。

逐句解 Line by line

大dà聖shèng道dào：「我wǒ因yīn保bǎo護hù唐táng僧sēng往wǎng西xī天tiān取qǔ經jīng，在zài路lù上shàng打dǎ殺shā賊zéi徒tú，那nà三sān藏zàng趕gǎn我wǒ回huí去qù，我wǒ徑jìng到dào普pǔ陀tuó崖yá見jiàn觀guān音yīn菩pú薩sà訴sù苦kǔ。大dà圣shèng道dào：「我wǒ因yīn保bǎo护hù唐táng僧sēng往wǎng西xī天tiān取qǔ经jīng，在zài路lù上shàng打dǎ杀shā贼zéi徒tú，那nà三sān藏zàng赶gǎn我wǒ回huí去qù，我wǒ径jìng到dào普pǔ陀tuó崖yá见jiàn观guān音yīn菩pú萨sà诉sù苦kǔ。

The Great Sage said: "Because I was guarding the Tang Monk on his journey west to fetch the scriptures, I killed some bandits on the road; that Tripitaka drove me back, and I went straight to Putuo Cliff to see the Bodhisattva Guanyin and pour out my grievance.

Wukong starts his account from the beginning, and every word of it can be checked against what we have watched happen. 三藏 takes zàng, the name Tripitaka — against the cáng of 藏頭露尾, to hide, back in the chapter's opening speech. 觀音 takes guān.

不bù想xiǎng這zhè妖yāo精jīng幾jǐ時shí就jiù變biàn作zuò我wǒ的de模mú樣yàng，打dǎ倒dǎo唐táng僧sēng，搶qiǎng去qù包bāo袱fú。不bù想xiǎng这zhè妖yāo精jīng几jǐ时shí就jiù变biàn作zuò我wǒ的de模mú样yàng，打dǎ倒dǎo唐táng僧sēng，抢qiǎng去qù包bāo袱fú。

I never thought that at some point this fiend would change himself into my likeness, strike the Tang Monk down and carry off the bundle.

幾時 asks at what point, and Wukong cannot say. He does not know when the swap happened, and that is a real part of his difficulty. 打倒 takes dǎo, to knock down.

有yǒu沙shā僧sēng至zhì花huā果guǒ山shān尋xún討tǎo，只zhǐ見jiàn這zhè妖yāo精jīng占zhàn了le我wǒ的de巢cháo穴xué。有yǒu沙shā僧sēng至zhì花huā果guǒ山shān寻xún讨tǎo，只zhǐ见jiàn这zhè妖yāo精jīng占zhàn了le我wǒ的de巢cháo穴xué。

Sha Monk went to the Mountain of Flowers and Fruit to seek it out, and found only that this fiend had seized my lair.

巢穴 is nest and burrow — a den, an animal word. Wukong is applying it to his rival while claiming the same place as his own home.

後hòu到dào普pǔ陀tuó崖yá告gào請qǐng菩pú薩sà，又yòu見jiàn我wǒ侍shì立lì臺tái下xià，沙shā僧sēng誑kuáng說shuō是shì我wǒ駕jià觔jīn斗dǒu雲yún，又yòu先xiān在zài菩pú薩sà處chù遮zhē飾shì。后hòu到dào普pǔ陀tuó崖yá告gào请qǐng菩pú萨sà，又yòu见jiàn我wǒ侍shì立lì台tái下xià，沙shā僧sēng诳kuáng说shuō是shì我wǒ驾jià觔jīn斗dǒu云yún，又yòu先xiān在zài菩pú萨sà处chù遮zhē饰shì。

Afterward he came to Putuo Cliff to lay his petition before the Bodhisattva, and saw me standing in attendance below the dais. Sha Monk wrongly alleged that I had ridden my cloud-somersault and got in first to gloss things over in the Bodhisattva's presence.

Still smarting. 誑說 is to allege something false; 遮飾 is to cover a thing over and gloss it. The accusation is the one Sha Monk really did make, back on the first page, and Wukong is reporting it to the gods of Heaven as slander.

總評 Commentary

Wukong's recital is the fullest account of the chapter's events that any character gives, and it is scrupulously accurate. Every element in it can be checked against what the reader has watched happen. This matters, because accuracy is the only thing he has to offer, and the episode is about to show that it buys him nothing at all.

The sore point is Sha Monk's suspicion. 沙僧誑說是我駕觔斗雲 — Wukong is still nursing the accusation that he raced on ahead, the quarrel from the chapter's opening page. He puts it in a formal report to the gods of Heaven, which is a very human thing to do and slightly undercuts the dignity of the petition.

Notice too how much of the account is a history of not being believed: driven off by his master, wrongly accused by his fellow disciple, and now needing the machinery of Heaven to establish that he is himself. The pressure in this chapter is cumulative, and it falls on the real article throughout.