第五十八回 · 假立師名 The Account Continues — Journey to the West

原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

假立師名 The Account Continues

師shī弟dì沙shā僧sēng向xiàng我wǒ本běn山shān取qǔ討tǎo包bāo袱fú，這zhè妖yāo假jiǎ立lì師shī名míng，要yào往wǎng西xī天tiān取qǔ經jīng。沙shā僧sēng逃táo遁dùn至zhì南nán海hǎi見jiàn菩pú薩sà，我wǒ正zhèng在zài側cè。他tā備bèi說shuō原yuán因yīn，菩pú薩sà又yòu命mìng我wǒ同tóng他tā至zhì花huā果guǒ山shān觀guān看kàn，果guǒ被bèi這zhè廝sī占zhàn了le我wǒ巢cháo穴xué。我wǒ與yǔ他tā爭zhēng辨biàn到dào菩pú薩sà處chù，其qí實shí相xiàng貌mào、言yán語yǔ等děng俱jù一yì般bān，菩pú薩sà也yě難nán辨biàn真zhēn假jiǎ。师shī弟dì沙shā僧sēng向xiàng我wǒ本běn山shān取qǔ讨tǎo包bāo袱fú，这zhè妖yāo假jiǎ立lì师shī名míng，要yào往wǎng西xī天tiān取qǔ经jīng。沙shā僧sēng逃táo遁dùn至zhì南nán海hǎi见jiàn菩pú萨sà，我wǒ正zhèng在zài侧cè。他tā备bèi说shuō原yuán因yīn，菩pú萨sà又yòu命mìng我wǒ同tóng他tā至zhì花huā果guǒ山shān观guān看kàn，果guǒ被bèi这zhè厮sī占zhàn了le我wǒ巢cháo穴xué。我wǒ与yǔ他tā争zhēng辨biàn到dào菩pú萨sà处chù，其qí实shí相xiàng貌mào、言yán语yǔ等děng俱jù一yì般bān，菩pú萨sà也yě难nán辨biàn真zhēn假jiǎ。

逐句解 Line by line

師shī弟dì沙shā僧sēng向xiàng我wǒ本běn山shān取qǔ討tǎo包bāo袱fú，這zhè妖yāo假jiǎ立lì師shī名míng，要yào往wǎng西xī天tiān取qǔ經jīng。师shī弟dì沙shā僧sēng向xiàng我wǒ本běn山shān取qǔ讨tǎo包bāo袱fú，这zhè妖yāo假jiǎ立lì师shī名míng，要yào往wǎng西xī天tiān取qǔ经jīng。

"My junior brother Sha Monk went to my own mountain to seek back the bundles, and this fiend had falsely set up a master's name, meaning to go west and fetch scriptures himself.

假立師名, falsely setting up a master's name — the clearest statement anyone in the chapter makes of what the impostor is actually up to. He is not playing a prank. He is running the pilgrimage.

沙shā僧sēng逃táo遁dùn至zhì南nán海hǎi見jiàn菩pú薩sà，我wǒ正zhèng在zài側cè。沙shā僧sēng逃táo遁dùn至zhì南nán海hǎi见jiàn菩pú萨sà，我wǒ正zhèng在zài侧cè。

Sha Monk fled away to the Southern Sea to see the Bodhisattva, and I was standing right at her side.

我正在側, I was standing right at her side. Wukong volunteers his own position, because that is exactly what made Sha Monk suspect him of racing on ahead.

他tā備bèi說shuō原yuán因yīn，菩pú薩sà又yòu命mìng我wǒ同tóng他tā至zhì花huā果guǒ山shān觀guān看kàn，果guǒ被bèi這zhè廝sī占zhàn了le我wǒ巢cháo穴xué。他tā备bèi说shuō原yuán因yīn，菩pú萨sà又yòu命mìng我wǒ同tóng他tā至zhì花huā果guǒ山shān观guān看kàn，果guǒ被bèi这zhè厮sī占zhàn了le我wǒ巢cháo穴xué。

He set out the whole cause of it, and the Bodhisattva ordered me to go with him to the Mountain of Flowers and Fruit and see; and sure enough this fellow had seized my lair.

觀看 puts guān and kàn side by side again, as at the demon mirror. 占了 takes zhàn.

我wǒ與yǔ他tā爭zhēng辨biàn到dào菩pú薩sà處chù，其qí實shí相xiàng貌mào、言yán語yǔ等děng俱jù一yì般bān，菩pú薩sà也yě難nán辨biàn真zhēn假jiǎ。我wǒ与yǔ他tā争zhēng辨biàn到dào菩pú萨sà处chù，其qí实shí相xiàng貌mào、言yán语yǔ等děng俱jù一yì般bān，菩pú萨sà也yě难nán辨biàn真zhēn假jiǎ。

I argued it out with him as far as the Bodhisattva's place; but in truth his appearance and his speech and the rest are of one and the same sort, and the Bodhisattva too could not tell true from false.

俱一般, all of one sort — the same 一般 the gate-guards of Heaven used to describe the pair. 相貌 takes xiàng.

總評 Commentary

The recital's second movement is a list of authorities already beaten, and Wukong offers it as evidence rather than as complaint. Each failure is put on the record to establish that this court is not being asked something easy.

假立師名 deserves attention. Wukong has grasped that the imposture is not personal spite but a takeover: the fiend has installed a master, staffed a party and set out for India. The word 立 — to set up, to establish — treats it as founding an institution rather than playing a trick. Nobody in the story asks the obvious next question, which is why a creature capable of all that would want the scriptures in the first place.

The passage also quietly airs Wukong's grievance against Sha Monk again. 我正在側, I was standing right at her side, is offered as narrative and functions as self-defence against an accusation made three thousand characters ago and never withdrawn.