原文 Original text
繁體 Traditional
Reader's edition
含詞賦 With rhapsody
樵夫
The Woodcutter
長老勒馬觀山，正在難行之處，只見那綠莎坡上，佇立著一個樵夫。你道他怎生打扮：长老勒马观山，正在难行之处，只见那绿莎坡上，伫立著一个樵夫。你道他怎生打扮：
頭戴一頂老藍氈笠，身穿一領毛皂衲衣。头戴一顶老蓝毡笠，身穿一领毛皂衲衣。
老藍氈笠，遮煙蓋日果稀奇；老蓝毡笠，遮烟盖日果稀奇；
毛皂衲衣，樂以忘憂真罕見。毛皂衲衣，乐以忘忧真罕见。
手持鋼斧快磨明，刀伐乾柴收束緊。手持钢斧快磨明，刀伐干柴收束紧。
檐頭春色，幽然四序融融；檐头春色，幽然四序融融；
身外閑情，常是三星澹澹。身外闲情，常是三星澹澹。
到老只於隨分過，有何榮辱暫關山？到老只于随分过，有何荣辱暂关山？
逐句解 Line by line
長老勒馬觀山，正在難行之處，只見那綠莎坡上，佇立著一個樵夫。
长老勒马观山，正在难行之处，只见那绿莎坡上，伫立著一个樵夫。
The Elder reined his horse and gazed at the mountain; and just where the going was hardest, he saw, upon a green sedge slope, a woodcutter standing.
綠莎 (lǜ suō), "green sedge"; 佇立 (zhùlì), "to stand a while." 勒 read lè; 著 here zhe (durative); 那 nà.
你道他怎生打扮：
你道他怎生打扮：
Consider now how he was got up:
怎生打扮 (zěnshēng dǎban), "in what manner arrayed" — the storyteller’s lead-in to a portrait.
頭戴一頂老藍氈笠，身穿一領毛皂衲衣。
头戴一顶老蓝毡笠，身穿一领毛皂衲衣。
On his head an old indigo felt hat; on his body a coarse black patched robe.
氈笠 (zhān lì), "felt rain-hat"; 衲衣 (nà yī), "patched robe." 一頂/一領 — 一 read yì.
老藍氈笠，遮煙蓋日果稀奇；
老蓝毡笠，遮烟盖日果稀奇；
The old indigo felt hat, that fends off haze and shades the sun — a rare thing indeed;
遮煙蓋日 (zhē yān gài rì), "screening the mist, covering the sun."
毛皂衲衣，樂以忘憂真罕見。
毛皂衲衣，乐以忘忧真罕见。
the coarse black patched robe, taking such joy as forgets all care — a thing seldom seen.
樂以忘憂 (lè yǐ wàng yōu), "joy that forgets care" — the recluse’s contentment, echoing the Elder’s own words earlier.
手持鋼斧快磨明，刀伐乾柴收束緊。
手持钢斧快磨明，刀伐干柴收束紧。
In hand a steel axe, freshly whetted bright; his blade fells the dry wood and binds it tight.
乾柴 (gān chái), "dry firewood." 乾 read gān (not qián).
檐頭春色，幽然四序融融；
檐头春色，幽然四序融融；
Spring’s hue upon his eaves, serene, the four seasons blending mild;
四序 (sì xù), "the four seasons." 檐頭, "the eaves."
身外閑情，常是三星澹澹。
身外闲情，常是三星澹澹。
beyond his person an idle mood, ever the three stars faint and still.
三星 (sān xīng), the three stars (of Orion’s belt), by which the rustic marks the seasons. 澹澹, "faint, tranquil."
到老只於隨分過，有何榮辱暫關山？
到老只于随分过，有何荣辱暂关山？
To his last days he lives but as his lot allows — what glory or disgrace need touch these hills for a moment?
隨分 (suí fèn), "according to one’s lot." 分 read fèn. 榮辱, "glory and disgrace."
總評 Commentary
The band’s dread is answered by a figure who steps straight out of the preceding rhapsody’s danger-catalogue — the woodcutter whom the 賦 had already named (打柴夫). He is presented, as such rustics conventionally are, through a portrait-賦 of his dress and bearing: the indigo felt hat, the patched black robe, the freshly whetted axe. But the reader is being set up, for this “woodcutter” is in fact the day’s Merit-Officer (值日功曹) in disguise, sent down by Heaven to warn the pilgrims.
The rhapsody idealizes him as the Daoist recluse-type — content with his lot (隨分), indifferent to glory and disgrace, keeping company with the seasons and the three stars. The phrase 樂以忘忧 (“joy that forgets care”) deliberately echoes the Elder’s own resolve two passages earlier, quietly binding the disguised officer to the pilgrimage’s spiritual frame even as he plays a humble part.