Canonical Classics ← 第十二回
第十二回
tángwángbǐngchéngxiūhuì
guānyīnxiǎnshènghuàjīnchán

The Tang King, Sincere in Faith, Convenes the Grand Assembly · Guanyin, Manifesting Her Holy Form, Transforms the Golden Cicada

敕建相國
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拼音 Pinyin Off
字體 Script
原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

敕建相國 The Xiangguo Temple Is Built

wèichígōngjiàntuīzhǐběnchāirénzòutàizōngjiànleběnzhīxiàngliángshòujīnyíndào:「chéngwéishànliángzhǎngzhě。」chuánzhǐjiàojìngjiāngjīnyínxiūyuàngàishēngqǐngsēngzuòshànjiùdànghuánbānzhǐdàojìngwàngquèxièēnxuānzhǐzhòngjiēzhīzhīsuìjiāngjīnyínmǎidàochéngjūnmínàideduànzhōuwéiyǒushíkuānkuòzàishàngxīnggōnggàiyuànmíngchìjiànxiàngguó」,zuǒyǒuxiànggōngxiàngdeshēngjuānbēishíshàngxiězhewèichígōngjiānzào」,jīnxiàngguóshìwèichígōngjiàntuīzhǐběnchāirénzòutàizōngjiànleběnzhīxiàngliángshòujīnyíndào:「chéngwéishànliángzhǎngzhě。」chuánzhǐjiàojìngjiāngjīnyínxiūyuàngàishēngqǐngsēngzuòshànjiùdànghuánbānzhǐdàojìngwàngquèxièēnxuānzhǐzhòngjiēzhīzhīsuìjiāngjīnyínmǎidàochéngjūnmínàideduànzhōuwéiyǒushíkuānkuòzàishàngxīnggōnggàiyuànmíngchìjiànxiàngguó」,zuǒyǒuxiànggōngxiàngdeshēngjuānbēishíshàngxiězhewèichígōngjiānzào」,jīnxiàngguóshì


逐句解 Line by line

wèichígōngjiàntuīzhǐběnchāirénzòu wèichígōngjiàntuīzhǐběnchāirénzòu

Seeing how bitterly he declined, Yuchi Gong had no choice but to draw up a memorial and dispatch a man to lay it before the throne.

只得, 'had no choice but,' reads as ; in 差人, to send a man, is chāi.

tàizōngjiànleběnzhīxiàngliángshòujīnyíndào:「chéngwéishànliángzhǎngzhě。」 tàizōngjiànleběnzhīxiàngliángshòujīnyíndào:「chéngwéishànliángzhǎngzhě。」

When Taizong saw the memorial and learned that Xiang Liang would not accept the gold, he said: 'This is truly a good and worthy elder.'

in 此誠為善良長者 is wéi, to be; the surname in 相良 is xiàng; 長者 reads as zhǎng; and the of 不受 shifts to before the fourth tone of (shòu).

chuánzhǐjiàojìngjiāngjīnyínxiūyuàngàishēngqǐngsēngzuòshànjiùdànghuánbān chuánzhǐjiàojìngjiāngjīnyínxiūyuàngàishēngqǐngsēngzuòshànjiùdànghuánbān

He at once decreed that Hu Jingde should use the gold and silver to repair a monastery for him and raise a shrine to his living merit, and invite monks to perform good works — counting this as though the debt were repaid to him.

胡敬德 is another name for Yuchi Gong himself — Yuchi Jingde. 敬德 (Jìngdé) is his courtesy name, and the (Hú) marks his non-Han descent. A 生祠 is a shrine raised to honour someone still living, the nearest thing the age had to putting a donor's name on a building. is the disposal jiāng; in 就當還他 is huán; and in 就當 is dàng, to count as or treat as — the emperor's accounting device for a debt the creditor will not take.

zhǐdàojìngwàngquèxièēnxuānzhǐzhòngjiēzhīzhī zhǐdàojìngwàngquèxièēnxuānzhǐzhòngjiēzhīzhī

On the day the decree arrived, Jingde bowed toward the palace gate, gave thanks for the grace, and proclaimed it, so that all came to know of it.

望闕謝恩, bowing toward the palace gate in thanks, is how an official receives a decree when he is nowhere near the throne: you face the emperor's direction and perform the obeisance anyway.

suìjiāngjīnyínmǎidàochéngjūnmínàideduànzhōuwéiyǒushíkuānkuòzàishàngxīnggōnggàiyuànmíngchìjiànxiàngguó」,zuǒyǒuxiànggōngxiàngdeshēngjuānbēishíshàngxiězhewèichígōngjiānzào」,jīnxiàngguóshì suìjiāngjīnyínmǎidàochéngjūnmínàideduànzhōuwéiyǒushíkuānkuòzàishàngxīnggōnggàiyuànmíngchìjiànxiàngguó」,zuǒyǒuxiànggōngxiàngdeshēngjuānbēishíshàngxiězhewèichígōngjiānzào」,jīnxiàngguóshì

So with the gold and silver he purchased within the city a parcel of ground unencumbered by soldiery or commoner, some fifty mu in compass, and there set the work in motion and raised a monastery, named 'The Xiangguo Temple, Built by Imperial Command.' To its left stood a shrine to the living merit of Master and Mistress Xiang; and a stone was carved and graven, inscribed 'Overseen in the building by Yuchi Gong' — which is the very temple known today as the Great Xiangguo Temple.

The novel invents a founding story for a real building — the 大相國寺, the Great Xiangguo Temple of Kaifeng, which stood when the book was written and stands now. Its name comes from 相國, chancellor or minister of state, where is xiàng; and the almsgiver whose buried gold pays for it is surnamed with the very same character, also xiàng. Whether the author noticed the coincidence he leaves to the reader. in 興工, to set work going, is xīng; in 寫著 is the ongoing-action zhe. A () is a Chinese unit of land area.


總評 Commentary

Taizong's solution is a small masterpiece of statecraft and piety at once. Unable to force wealth on a man who will not have it, and unwilling to leave a debt of merit unpaid, he turns the gold into a monastery and a living-shrine in Xiang Liang's honour, counting the work as though the debt were repaid to him.

The refusal is honoured rather than overridden: the money returns to the very channels of devotion from which its otherworldly value first arose. The storyteller then anchors the whole invention to the visible world with an antiquarian flourish, identifying the result as the Great Xiangguo Temple of Kaifeng that stands today, founder's stele and all — a characteristic move by which the novel grafts its karmic fiction onto a famous real institution.