Canonical Classics ← 第十二回
第十二回
唐táng王wáng秉bǐng誠chéng修xiū大dà會huì
觀guān音yīn顯xiǎn聖shèng化huà金jīn蟬chán

The Tang King, Sincere in Faith, Convenes the Grand Assembly · Guanyin, Manifesting Her Holy Form, Transforms the Golden Cicada

帝欲買寶
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原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

帝欲買寶 The Emperor Would Buy the Treasure

唐táng王wáng聞wén言yán,即jí命mìng展zhǎn開kāi袈jiā裟shā,從cóng頭tóu細xì看kàn,果guǒ然rán是shì件jiàn好hǎo物wù。道dào:「大dà法fǎ長zhǎng老lǎo,實shí不bù瞞mán你nǐ。朕zhèn今jīn大dà開kāi善shàn教jiào,廣guǎng種zhǒng福fú田tián,見jiàn在zài那nà化huà生shēng寺sì聚jù集jí多duō僧sēng,敷fū演yǎn經jīng法fǎ。內nèi中zhōng有yǒu一yí個gè大dà有yǒu德dé行xíng者zhě,法fǎ名míng玄xuán奘zàng。朕zhèn買mǎi你nǐ這zhè兩liǎng件jiàn寶bǎo物wù,賜cì他tā受shòu用yòng。你nǐ端duān的dì要yào價jià幾jǐ何hé?」菩pú薩sà聞wén言yán,與yǔ木mù叉chā合hé掌zhǎng皈guī依yī,道dào聲shēng佛fó號hào,躬gōng身shēn上shàng啟qǐ道dào:「既jì有yǒu德dé行xíng,貧pín僧sēng情qíng願yuàn送sòng他tā,決jué不bú要yào錢qián。」說shuō罷bà,抽chōu身shēn便biàn走zǒu。唐táng王wáng急jí著zhuó蕭xiāo瑀yǔ扯chě住zhù,欠qiàn身shēn立lì於yú殿diàn上shàng,問wèn曰yuē:「你nǐ原yuán說shuō袈jiā裟shā五wǔ千qiān兩liǎng,錫xī杖zhàng二èr千qiān兩liǎng,你nǐ見jiàn朕zhèn要yào買mǎi,就jiù不bú要yào錢qián,敢gǎn是shì說shuō朕zhèn心xīn倚yǐ恃shì君jūn位wèi,強qiǎng要yào你nǐ的de物wù件jiàn?更gèng無wú此cǐ理lǐ。朕zhèn照zhào你nǐ原yuán價jià奉fèng償cháng,卻què不bù可kě推tuī避bì。」唐táng王wáng闻wén言yán,即jí命mìng展zhǎn开kāi袈jiā裟shā,从cóng头tóu细xì看kàn,果guǒ然rán是shì件jiàn好hǎo物wù。道dào:「大dà法fǎ长zhǎng老lǎo,实shí不bù瞒mán你nǐ。朕zhèn今jīn大dà开kāi善shàn教jiào,广guǎng种zhǒng福fú田tián,见jiàn在zài那nà化huà生shēng寺sì聚jù集jí多duō僧sēng,敷fū演yǎn经jīng法fǎ。内nèi中zhōng有yǒu一yí个gè大dà有yǒu德dé行xíng者zhě,法fǎ名míng玄xuán奘zàng。朕zhèn买mǎi你nǐ这zhè两liǎng件jiàn宝bǎo物wù,赐cì他tā受shòu用yòng。你nǐ端duān的dì要yào价jià几jǐ何hé?」菩pú萨sà闻wén言yán,与yǔ木mù叉chā合hé掌zhǎng皈guī依yī,道dào声shēng佛fó号hào,躬gōng身shēn上shàng启qǐ道dào:「既jì有yǒu德dé行xíng,贫pín僧sēng情qíng愿yuàn送sòng他tā,决jué不bú要yào钱qián。」说shuō罢bà,抽chōu身shēn便biàn走zǒu。唐táng王wáng急jí着zhuó萧xiāo瑀yǔ扯chě住zhù,欠qiàn身shēn立lì于yú殿diàn上shàng,问wèn曰yuē:「你nǐ原yuán说shuō袈jiā裟shā五wǔ千qiān两liǎng,锡xī杖zhàng二èr千qiān两liǎng,你nǐ见jiàn朕zhèn要yào买mǎi,就jiù不bú要yào钱qián,敢gǎn是shì说shuō朕zhèn心xīn倚yǐ恃shì君jūn位wèi,强qiǎng要yào你nǐ的de物wù件jiàn?更gèng无wú此cǐ理lǐ。朕zhèn照zhào你nǐ原yuán价jià奉fèng偿cháng,却què不bù可kě推tuī避bì。」


逐句解 Line by line

唐táng王wáng聞wén言yán,即jí命mìng展zhǎn開kāi袈jiā裟shā,從cóng頭tóu細xì看kàn,果guǒ然rán是shì件jiàn好hǎo物wù。 唐táng王wáng闻wén言yán,即jí命mìng展zhǎn开kāi袈jiā裟shā,从cóng头tóu细xì看kàn,果guǒ然rán是shì件jiàn好hǎo物wù。

When the Tang king heard this, he had the cassock spread open and examined it closely from top to bottom, and it was indeed a fine thing.

The emperor's first instinct is to inspect the goods and name a price — the reflex of a man who has always paid for what he wanted.

道dào:「大dà法fǎ長zhǎng老lǎo,實shí不bù瞞mán你nǐ。朕zhèn今jīn大dà開kāi善shàn教jiào,廣guǎng種zhǒng福fú田tián,見jiàn在zài那nà化huà生shēng寺sì聚jù集jí多duō僧sēng,敷fū演yǎn經jīng法fǎ。 道dào:「大dà法fǎ长zhǎng老lǎo,实shí不bù瞒mán你nǐ。朕zhèn今jīn大dà开kāi善shàn教jiào,广guǎng种zhǒng福fú田tián,见jiàn在zài那nà化huà生shēng寺sì聚jù集jí多duō僧sēng,敷fū演yǎn经jīng法fǎ。

He said: 'Great Dharma Elder, I will not deceive you. I am now opening wide the good teaching and broadly sowing the field of blessings; at the Huasheng Temple yonder I have gathered a host of monks to expound the scriptural law.'

福田, the field of blessings, is the standard Buddhist figure for merit: you sow now, and the harvest comes later, in this life or another. 那 in 那化生寺 is the pointing nà; 教 in 善教 is jiào.

內nèi中zhōng有yǒu一yí個gè大dà有yǒu德dé行xíng者zhě,法fǎ名míng玄xuán奘zàng。 内nèi中zhōng有yǒu一yí个gè大dà有yǒu德dé行xíng者zhě,法fǎ名míng玄xuán奘zàng。

'Among them is one of great virtue and conduct, Xuanzang by dharma-name.'

中 in 內中 is zhōng; 一個 takes yí.

朕zhèn買mǎi你nǐ這zhè兩liǎng件jiàn寶bǎo物wù,賜cì他tā受shòu用yòng。你nǐ端duān的dì要yào價jià幾jǐ何hé?」 朕zhèn买mǎi你nǐ这zhè两liǎng件jiàn宝bǎo物wù,赐cì他tā受shòu用yòng。你nǐ端duān的dì要yào价jià几jǐ何hé?」

'I would buy these two treasures of yours to bestow on him for his use. What in truth is your price?'

端的, in truth, exactly, sharpens the question: what will you really take for them?

菩pú薩sà聞wén言yán,與yǔ木mù叉chā合hé掌zhǎng皈guī依yī,道dào聲shēng佛fó號hào,躬gōng身shēn上shàng啟qǐ道dào:「既jì有yǒu德dé行xíng,貧pín僧sēng情qíng願yuàn送sòng他tā,決jué不bú要yào錢qián。」說shuō罷bà,抽chōu身shēn便biàn走zǒu。 菩pú萨sà闻wén言yán,与yǔ木mù叉chā合hé掌zhǎng皈guī依yī,道dào声shēng佛fó号hào,躬gōng身shēn上shàng启qǐ道dào:「既jì有yǒu德dé行xíng,贫pín僧sēng情qíng愿yuàn送sòng他tā,决jué不bú要yào钱qián。」说shuō罢bà,抽chōu身shēn便biàn走zǒu。

The Bodhisattva, hearing this, pressed her palms together with Moksha in reverence, uttered the Buddha's name, and bowing said: 'Since he is one of virtue and conduct, this poor monk would gladly give them to him, and will by no means take money.' So saying, she turned to go.

She refuses payment outright and turns to go, on the strength of a vow she has not yet explained — that comes in the next passage. 佛號, the Buddha's name, takes the global reading fó for 佛; 決不要錢 shifts to bú before the fourth tone of 要 (yào).

唐táng王wáng急jí著zhuó蕭xiāo瑀yǔ扯chě住zhù,欠qiàn身shēn立lì於yú殿diàn上shàng,問wèn曰yuē:「你nǐ原yuán說shuō袈jiā裟shā五wǔ千qiān兩liǎng,錫xī杖zhàng二èr千qiān兩liǎng,你nǐ見jiàn朕zhèn要yào買mǎi,就jiù不bú要yào錢qián,敢gǎn是shì說shuō朕zhèn心xīn倚yǐ恃shì君jūn位wèi,強qiǎng要yào你nǐ的de物wù件jiàn?更gèng無wú此cǐ理lǐ。 唐táng王wáng急jí着zhuó萧xiāo瑀yǔ扯chě住zhù,欠qiàn身shēn立lì于yú殿diàn上shàng,问wèn曰yuē:「你nǐ原yuán说shuō袈jiā裟shā五wǔ千qiān两liǎng,锡xī杖zhàng二èr千qiān两liǎng,你nǐ见jiàn朕zhèn要yào买mǎi,就jiù不bú要yào钱qián,敢gǎn是shì说shuō朕zhèn心xīn倚yǐ恃shì君jūn位wèi,强qiǎng要yào你nǐ的de物wù件jiàn?更gèng无wú此cǐ理lǐ。

The Tang king hurriedly had Xiao Yu hold her back, and rising said: 'You first said the cassock was five thousand taels, the staff two thousand; now that you see I wish to buy, you will take no money. Do you suppose I presume upon my kingly station to demand your things by force? There is no such principle.'

著 in 急著蕭瑀, hurriedly had Xiao Yu do it, is the causative zhuó; 強 in 強要, to demand by force, is qiǎng; 更 in 更無此理 is gèng.

朕zhèn照zhào你nǐ原yuán價jià奉fèng償cháng,卻què不bù可kě推tuī避bì。」 朕zhèn照zhào你nǐ原yuán价jià奉fèng偿cháng,却què不bù可kě推tuī避bì。」

'I will repay you at your stated price, and you may not evade it.'

Here is the comedy of the scene, and it is better than it first looks. The emperor insists on paying because not paying would make him a bully; the beggar refuses to be paid because taking money would break a vow. Neither can give way without dishonour.


總評 Commentary

The scene turns on a courteous deadlock between imperial custom and Bodhisattva purpose. Taizong, told that the cassock is destined for Xuanzang, does the natural sovereign thing and offers to buy it — and is nonplussed when the ragged monk will take nothing. His response is a small masterpiece of imperial delicacy: he insists on paying precisely so as not to appear to seize a poor man's goods by the weight of his throne.

The comedy lies in the mismatch of frames, the emperor reasoning inside an economy of price and dignity while the Bodhisattva works inside one of merit and free gift, and it sets up her explanation, in the next passage, of why these things can only be given and never sold.