第十二回 · 大乘在西 The Greater Vehicle Lies in the West — Journey to the West

原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

大乘在西 The Greater Vehicle Lies in the West

菩pú薩sà道dào：「你nǐ那nà法fǎ師shī講jiǎng的de是shì小xiǎo乘shèng教jiào法fǎ，度dù不bù得dé亡wáng者zhě昇shēng天tiān。我wǒ有yǒu大dà乘shèng佛fó法fǎ三sān藏zàng，可kě以yǐ度dù亡wáng脫tuō苦kǔ，壽shòu身shēn無wú壞huài。」太tài宗zōng正zhèng色sè喜xǐ問wèn道dào：「你nǐ那nà大dà乘shèng佛fó法fǎ在zài於yú何hé處chù？」菩pú薩sà道dào：「在zài大dà西xī天tiān天tiān竺zhú國guó大dà雷léi音yīn寺sì我wǒ佛fó如rú來lái處chù，能néng解jiě百bǎi冤yuān之zhī結jié，能néng消xiāo無wú妄wàng之zhī災zāi。」太tài宗zōng道dào：「你nǐ可kě記jì得de麼me？」菩pú薩sà道dào：「我wǒ記jì得de。」太tài宗zōng大dà喜xǐ道dào：「教jiào法fǎ師shī引yǐn去qù，請qǐng上shàng臺tái開kāi講jiǎng。」菩pú萨sà道dào：「你nǐ那nà法fǎ师shī讲jiǎng的de是shì小xiǎo乘shèng教jiào法fǎ，度dù不bù得dé亡wáng者zhě升shēng天tiān。我wǒ有yǒu大dà乘shèng佛fó法fǎ三sān藏zàng，可kě以yǐ度dù亡wáng脱tuō苦kǔ，寿shòu身shēn无wú坏huài。」太tài宗zōng正zhèng色sè喜xǐ问wèn道dào：「你nǐ那nà大dà乘shèng佛fó法fǎ在zài于yú何hé处chù？」菩pú萨sà道dào：「在zài大dà西xī天tiān天tiān竺zhú国guó大dà雷léi音yīn寺sì我wǒ佛fó如rú来lái处chù，能néng解jiě百bǎi冤yuān之zhī结jié，能néng消xiāo无wú妄wàng之zhī灾zāi。」太tài宗zōng道dào：「你nǐ可kě记jì得de么me？」菩pú萨sà道dào：「我wǒ记jì得de。」太tài宗zōng大dà喜xǐ道dào：「教jiào法fǎ师shī引yǐn去qù，请qǐng上shàng台tái开kāi讲jiǎng。」

逐句解 Line by line

菩pú薩sà道dào：「你nǐ那nà法fǎ師shī講jiǎng的de是shì小xiǎo乘shèng教jiào法fǎ，度dù不bù得dé亡wáng者zhě昇shēng天tiān。菩pú萨sà道dào：「你nǐ那nà法fǎ师shī讲jiǎng的de是shì小xiǎo乘shèng教jiào法fǎ，度dù不bù得dé亡wáng者zhě升shēng天tiān。

The Bodhisattva said: 'That Master of yours expounds the teaching of the Lesser Vehicle, which cannot deliver the dead to ascend to heaven.'

那 is demonstrative nà; 乘 in 小乘 is shèng; 得 in 度不得 is dé.

我wǒ有yǒu大dà乘shèng佛fó法fǎ三sān藏zàng，可kě以yǐ度dù亡wáng脫tuō苦kǔ，壽shòu身shēn無wú壞huài。」我wǒ有yǒu大dà乘shèng佛fó法fǎ三sān藏zàng，可kě以yǐ度dù亡wáng脱tuō苦kǔ，寿shòu身shēn无wú坏huài。」

'I have the Greater Vehicle Buddha-dharma of the Three Baskets, which can deliver the dead and free them from suffering, and make the lifespan-body imperishable.'

乘 in 大乘 is shèng; 藏 in 三藏 is zàng; 佛 is the global fó.

太tài宗zōng正zhèng色sè喜xǐ問wèn道dào：「你nǐ那nà大dà乘shèng佛fó法fǎ在zài於yú何hé處chù？」太tài宗zōng正zhèng色sè喜xǐ问wèn道dào：「你nǐ那nà大dà乘shèng佛fó法fǎ在zài于yú何hé处chù？」

Taizong, with a grave countenance, gladly asked: 'Where is this Greater Vehicle Buddha-dharma of yours?'

正色 ('a grave countenance') reads 正 as zhèng; 那 is demonstrative nà; 乘 is shèng. The emperor's interest turns earnest.

菩pú薩sà道dào：「在zài大dà西xī天tiān天tiān竺zhú國guó大dà雷léi音yīn寺sì我wǒ佛fó如rú來lái處chù，能néng解jiě百bǎi冤yuān之zhī結jié，能néng消xiāo無wú妄wàng之zhī災zāi。」菩pú萨sà道dào：「在zài大dà西xī天tiān天tiān竺zhú国guó大dà雷léi音yīn寺sì我wǒ佛fó如rú来lái处chù，能néng解jiě百bǎi冤yuān之zhī结jié，能néng消xiāo无wú妄wàng之zhī灾zāi。」

The Bodhisattva said: 'It is in the Great Thunderclap Monastery in the land of India, in the Great Western Heaven, at the place of my Buddha the Tathagata; it can loose the knot of a hundred grievances and dispel unforeseen calamity.'

大雷音寺 (the Great Thunderclap Monastery) in 天竺 (India), the abode of the Tathagata, is named for the first time as the pilgrimage's destination. 佛 is the global fó.

太tài宗zōng道dào：「你nǐ可kě記jì得de麼me？」菩pú薩sà道dào：「我wǒ記jì得de。」太tài宗zōng道dào：「你nǐ可kě记jì得de么me？」菩pú萨sà道dào：「我wǒ记jì得de。」

Taizong said: 'Can you remember it?' The Bodhisattva said: 'I remember it.'

Both occurrences of 得 in 記得 ('remember') are the neutral-tone de.

太tài宗zōng大dà喜xǐ道dào：「教jiào法fǎ師shī引yǐn去qù，請qǐng上shàng臺tái開kāi講jiǎng。」太tài宗zōng大dà喜xǐ道dào：「教jiào法fǎ师shī引yǐn去qù，请qǐng上shàng台tái开kāi讲jiǎng。」

Taizong said with great joy: 'Have the Master lead you up — please ascend the platform and expound.'

教 in 教法師引去 ('have the Master lead') is jiào. The emperor's request opens the way for the Bodhisattva's self-revelation.

總評 Commentary

The exchange names, for the first time, both the goal and the destination of the great quest: the Greater Vehicle Tripiṭaka, which can deliver the dead and confer imperishable life, lies in the Great Thunderclap Monastery of India, at the abode of the Tathagata himself. Taizong's response — grave now, and earnest — marks the moment the emperor grasps that his completed rite is only a beginning, and that scriptures must be fetched from the West. His invitation that the mendicant ascend the platform to expound is the last step before the disclosure: the disguised beggar is about to reveal herself as the Bodhisattva Guanyin, and the whole assembled city is about to learn why the pilgrimage must be made.