第十二回 · 關外餞行 The Send-Off at the Frontier Gate — Journey to the West

原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

關外餞行 The Send-Off at the Frontier Gate

次cì早zǎo，太tài宗zōng設shè朝cháo，聚jù集jí文wén武wǔ，寫xiě了le取qǔ經jīng文wén牒dié，用yòng了le通tōng行xíng寶bǎo印yìn。有yǒu欽qīn天tiān監jiān奏zòu曰yuē：「今jīn日rì是shì人rén尊zūn吉jí星xīng，堪kān宜yí出chū行xíng遠yuǎn路lù。」唐táng王wáng大dà喜xǐ。又yòu見jiàn黃huáng門mén官guān奏zòu道dào：「御yù弟dì法fǎ師shī朝cháo門mén外wài候hòu旨zhǐ。」隨suí即jí宣xuān上shàng寶bǎo殿diàn道dào：「御yù弟dì，今jīn日rì是shì出chū行xíng吉jí日rì。這zhè是shì通tōng關guān文wén牒dié。朕zhèn又yòu有yǒu一yí個gè紫zǐ金jīn缽bō盂yú，送sòng你nǐ途tú中zhōng化huà齋zhāi而ér用yòng。再zài選xuǎn兩liǎng個gè長cháng行xíng的de從cóng者zhě。又yòu欽qīn賜cì你nǐ馬mǎ一yì匹pǐ，送sòng為wéi遠yuǎn行xíng腳jiǎo力lì。你nǐ可kě就jiù此cǐ行xíng程chéng。」玄xuán奘zàng大dà喜xǐ，即jí便biàn謝xiè了le恩ēn，領lǐng了le物wù事shì，更gèng無wú留liú滯zhì之zhī意yì。唐táng王wáng排pái駕jià，與yǔ多duō官guān同tóng送sòng至zhì關guān外wài。只zhǐ見jiàn那nà洪hóng福fú寺sì僧sēng與yǔ諸zhū徒tú將jiāng玄xuán奘zàng的de冬dōng夏xià衣yī服fú，俱jù送sòng在zài關guān外wài相xiāng等děng。唐táng王wáng見jiàn了le，先xiān教jiào收shōu拾shí行xíng囊náng、馬mǎ匹pǐ，然rán後hòu著zhuó官guān人rén執zhí壺hú酌zhuó酒jiǔ。次cì早zǎo，太tài宗zōng设shè朝cháo，聚jù集jí文wén武wǔ，写xiě了le取qǔ经jīng文wén牒dié，用yòng了le通tōng行xíng宝bǎo印yìn。有yǒu钦qīn天tiān监jiān奏zòu曰yuē：「今jīn日rì是shì人rén尊zūn吉jí星xīng，堪kān宜yí出chū行xíng远yuǎn路lù。」唐táng王wáng大dà喜xǐ。又yòu见jiàn黄huáng门mén官guān奏zòu道dào：「御yù弟dì法fǎ师shī朝cháo门mén外wài候hòu旨zhǐ。」随suí即jí宣xuān上shàng宝bǎo殿diàn道dào：「御yù弟dì，今jīn日rì是shì出chū行xíng吉jí日rì。这zhè是shì通tōng关guān文wén牒dié。朕zhèn又yòu有yǒu一yí个gè紫zǐ金jīn钵bō盂yú，送sòng你nǐ途tú中zhōng化huà斋zhāi而ér用yòng。再zài选xuǎn两liǎng个gè长cháng行xíng的de从cóng者zhě。又yòu钦qīn赐cì你nǐ马mǎ一yì匹pǐ，送sòng为wéi远yuǎn行xíng脚jiǎo力lì。你nǐ可kě就jiù此cǐ行xíng程chéng。」玄xuán奘zàng大dà喜xǐ，即jí便biàn谢xiè了le恩ēn，领lǐng了le物wù事shì，更gèng无wú留liú滞zhì之zhī意yì。唐táng王wáng排pái驾jià，与yǔ多duō官guān同tóng送sòng至zhì关guān外wài。只zhǐ见jiàn那nà洪hóng福fú寺sì僧sēng与yǔ诸zhū徒tú将jiāng玄xuán奘zàng的de冬dōng夏xià衣yī服fú，俱jù送sòng在zài关guān外wài相xiāng等děng。唐táng王wáng见jiàn了le，先xiān教jiào收shōu拾shí行xíng囊náng、马mǎ匹pǐ，然rán后hòu著zhuó官guān人rén执zhí壶hú酌zhuó酒jiǔ。

逐句解 Line by line

次cì早zǎo，太tài宗zōng設shè朝cháo，聚jù集jí文wén武wǔ，寫xiě了le取qǔ經jīng文wén牒dié，用yòng了le通tōng行xíng寶bǎo印yìn。次cì早zǎo，太tài宗zōng设shè朝cháo，聚jù集jí文wén武wǔ，写xiě了le取qǔ经jīng文wén牒dié，用yòng了le通tōng行xíng宝bǎo印yìn。

Early the next morning, Taizong held court and gathered his civil and military officers; the scripture-seeking rescript was written out, and the precious seal of free passage was affixed.

文牒 ('rescript, travel-document') and the 通行寶印 ('precious seal of free passage') are the credentials that make Xuanzang the emperor's official envoy.

有yǒu欽qīn天tiān監jiān奏zòu曰yuē：「今jīn日rì是shì人rén尊zūn吉jí星xīng，堪kān宜yí出chū行xíng遠yuǎn路lù。」唐táng王wáng大dà喜xǐ。有yǒu钦qīn天tiān监jiān奏zòu曰yuē：「今jīn日rì是shì人rén尊zūn吉jí星xīng，堪kān宜yí出chū行xíng远yuǎn路lù。」唐táng王wáng大dà喜xǐ。

The Directorate of Astronomy reported: 'Today falls under the auspicious star of the Honored Man, fit for setting out on a distant road.' The Tang king was greatly pleased.

欽天監 (the Directorate of Astronomy) fixed auspicious days for state undertakings; departure on a lucky day was essential.

又yòu見jiàn黃huáng門mén官guān奏zòu道dào：「御yù弟dì法fǎ師shī朝cháo門mén外wài候hòu旨zhǐ。」隨suí即jí宣xuān上shàng寶bǎo殿diàn道dào：「御yù弟dì，今jīn日rì是shì出chū行xíng吉jí日rì。這zhè是shì通tōng關guān文wén牒dié。又yòu见jiàn黄huáng门mén官guān奏zòu道dào：「御yù弟dì法fǎ师shī朝cháo门mén外wài候hòu旨zhǐ。」随suí即jí宣xuān上shàng宝bǎo殿diàn道dào：「御yù弟dì，今jīn日rì是shì出chū行xíng吉jí日rì。这zhè是shì通tōng关guān文wén牒dié。

Then the gate-officer reported: 'The Imperial Brother, the Dharma Master, awaits your command outside the court gate.' He was straightway summoned up to the treasure-hall, and the king said: 'Imperial Brother, today is an auspicious day for setting out. Here is the passport for the barriers.'

通關文牒 ('the passport for the barriers') must be stamped at each frontier the pilgrim crosses — a document that will recur throughout the journey.

朕zhèn又yòu有yǒu一yí個gè紫zǐ金jīn缽bō盂yú，送sòng你nǐ途tú中zhōng化huà齋zhāi而ér用yòng。再zài選xuǎn兩liǎng個gè長cháng行xíng的de從cóng者zhě。朕zhèn又yòu有yǒu一yí个gè紫zǐ金jīn钵bō盂yú，送sòng你nǐ途tú中zhōng化huà斋zhāi而ér用yòng。再zài选xuǎn两liǎng个gè长cháng行xíng的de从cóng者zhě。

'I have also a purple-gold alms-bowl, which I give you to beg your food along the way; and I have chosen two attendants for the long journey.'

紫金缽盂 (the purple-gold alms-bowl) is the emperor's personal gift. 長 in 長行 ('the long journey') is cháng.

又yòu欽qīn賜cì你nǐ馬mǎ一yì匹pǐ，送sòng為wéi遠yuǎn行xíng腳jiǎo力lì。你nǐ可kě就jiù此cǐ行xíng程chéng。」又yòu钦qīn赐cì你nǐ马mǎ一yì匹pǐ，送sòng为wéi远yuǎn行xíng脚jiǎo力lì。你nǐ可kě就jiù此cǐ行xíng程chéng。」

'And I bestow upon you a horse, given as your strength for the far road. You may set out upon your journey at once.'

為 in 送為遠行腳力 ('given as your strength for the far road') is wéi.

玄xuán奘zàng大dà喜xǐ，即jí便biàn謝xiè了le恩ēn，領lǐng了le物wù事shì，更gèng無wú留liú滯zhì之zhī意yì。玄xuán奘zàng大dà喜xǐ，即jí便biàn谢xiè了le恩ēn，领lǐng了le物wù事shì，更gèng无wú留liú滞zhì之zhī意yì。

Xuanzang, greatly pleased, thanked him for the grace, received the things, and showed not the least wish to linger.

更無留滯之意 ('not the least wish to linger') marks the monk's single-minded readiness.

唐táng王wáng排pái駕jià，與yǔ多duō官guān同tóng送sòng至zhì關guān外wài。只zhǐ見jiàn那nà洪hóng福fú寺sì僧sēng與yǔ諸zhū徒tú將jiāng玄xuán奘zàng的de冬dōng夏xià衣yī服fú，俱jù送sòng在zài關guān外wài相xiāng等děng。唐táng王wáng排pái驾jià，与yǔ多duō官guān同tóng送sòng至zhì关guān外wài。只zhǐ见jiàn那nà洪hóng福fú寺sì僧sēng与yǔ诸zhū徒tú将jiāng玄xuán奘zàng的de冬dōng夏xià衣yī服fú，俱jù送sòng在zài关guān外wài相xiāng等děng。

The Tang king ordered his carriage and, with his many officers, escorted him out beyond the barrier. There the monks of the Hongfu Temple and his disciples had brought Xuanzang's winter and summer garments, and had them waiting outside the barrier.

那 is demonstrative nà; 將 in 將玄奘的冬夏衣服 is the disposal jiāng; 相 in 相等 ('to wait [for him]') is xiāng.

唐táng王wáng見jiàn了le，先xiān教jiào收shōu拾shí行xíng囊náng、馬mǎ匹pǐ，然rán後hòu著zhuó官guān人rén執zhí壺hú酌zhuó酒jiǔ。唐táng王wáng见jiàn了le，先xiān教jiào收shōu拾shí行xíng囊náng、马mǎ匹pǐ，然rán后hòu著zhuó官guān人rén执zhí壶hú酌zhuó酒jiǔ。

When the Tang king saw them, he first had the baggage and horse made ready, and then had an officer take up the flask and pour wine.

著 in 著官人執壺 ('had an officer take up the flask') is the causative zhuó.

總評 Commentary

The send-off is rendered with attention to the machinery of a real imperial mission: the sealed rescript, the passport for the frontier barriers, the auspicious day fixed by the court astronomers, the alms-bowl, attendants, and horse. These credentials matter to the novel to come, for Xuanzang travels not as a wandering monk but as the sworn brother and official envoy of the Tang emperor, and the passport especially will be produced and stamped at kingdom after kingdom along the road. Against this official apparatus the storyteller sets a quieter human note — the temple monks arriving at the frontier with the pilgrim's winter and summer clothes — before the emperor calls for the parting cup that the next passage will make unforgettable.