Canonical Classics ← 第十二回
第十二回
tángwángbǐngchéngxiūhuì
guānyīnxiǎnshènghuàjīnchán

The Tang King, Sincere in Faith, Convenes the Grand Assembly · Guanyin, Manifesting Her Holy Form, Transforms the Golden Cicada

苦辭不受
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原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

苦辭不受 He Will Not Take It

xiàngliángliǎngkǒuerzhǐshìcháotiānbàigǎnshòudào:「xiǎoderuòshòulezhèxiējīnyínjiùdekuàilesuīránshìshāozhǐnǎimíngmíngzhīshìkuàngwànsuìyeshìjièlejīnyínyǒupíngjuégǎnshòu。」wèichígōngdào:「xiàshuōjièdedōng西yǒucuīpànguānzuòbǎozhèngshōuxià。」xiàngliángdào:「jiùshìgǎnshòude。」xiàngliángliǎngkǒuerzhǐshìcháotiānbàigǎnshòudào:「xiǎoderuòshòulezhèxiējīnyínjiùdekuàilesuīránshìshāozhǐnǎimíngmíngzhīshìkuàngwànsuìyeshìjièlejīnyínyǒupíngjuégǎnshòu。」wèichígōngdào:「xiàshuōjièdedōng西yǒucuīpànguānzuòbǎozhèngshōuxià。」xiàngliángdào:「jiùshìgǎnshòude。」


逐句解 Line by line

xiàngliángliǎngkǒuerzhǐshìcháotiānbàigǎnshòu xiàngliángliǎngkǒuerzhǐshìcháotiānbàigǎnshòu

The Xiang couple only worshipped toward heaven; how should they dare accept it?

divides inside the line: 那相良 is the pointing , 'that Xiang Liang,' while 那裡敢受, 'how would they dare take it,' is the question-word used rhetorically. 朝天, facing heaven, reads as cháo; 兩口兒 carries the little suffix er.

dào:「xiǎoderuòshòulezhèxiējīnyínjiùdekuàile dào:「xiǎoderuòshòulezhèxiējīnyínjiùdekuàile

They said: 'If we humble folk were to take this gold and silver, we should die the sooner for it.'

in 死得快, 'die all the quicker for it,' is the outcome de; both occurrences of are the completed-action le.

suīránshìshāozhǐnǎimíngmíngzhīshìkuàngwànsuìyeshìjièlejīnyínyǒupíng suīránshìshāozhǐnǎimíngmíngzhīshìkuàngwànsuìyeshìjièlejīnyínyǒupíng

'Though it is true we burned paper to have it recorded to our account, that is a matter of the unseen dark; and besides, when His Majesty borrowed gold in that other world, what proof of it is there?'

冥冥之事, a matter of the unseen dark, names his scruple exactly: a bargain struck in the other world leaves no paper in this one. 那世裡 uses the pointing .

juégǎnshòu。」 juégǎnshòu。」

'We will by no means dare to receive it.'

The of 不敢 keeps its base tone before the third tone of (gǎn).

wèichígōngdào:「xiàshuōjièdedōng西yǒucuīpànguānzuòbǎozhèngshōuxià。」 wèichígōngdào:「xiàshuōjièdedōng西yǒucuīpànguānzuòbǎozhèngshōuxià。」

Yuchi Gong said: 'His Majesty says that Judge Cui stood surety for what was borrowed of you, and can bear witness to it. Take it, then.'

崔判官, Judge Cui, is the underworld magistrate who in Chapter 11 altered Taizong's entry in the ledger to lengthen his life and arranged the loan. He is produced here as the debt's guarantor, 作保 — a reference the debtor cannot check and has never met.

xiàngliángdào:「jiùshìgǎnshòude。」 xiàngliángdào:「jiùshìgǎnshòude。」

Xiang Liang said: 'Even were we to die for it, we dare not take it.'

Final, and absolute. The surname in 相良 is xiàng; the of 不敢 is .


總評 Commentary

Xiang Liang's refusal is the moral centre of the episode. His grounds are two, and both are of a piece with the man: to take sudden unearned wealth would only hasten his death, and a debt contracted in the invisible world can show no proof in this one. Even Yuchi Gong's appeal to Judge Cui as guarantor — a witness from the very court that arranged the loan — will not move him.

The incorruptibility is not mere stubbornness but a kind of piety: he gave without any thought of return, and he will not now be made to profit by it. His refusal forces the emperor to find a third way, one that honours the debt without running over the man's conscience.