Canonical Classics ← 第十二回
第十二回
唐táng王wáng秉bǐng誠chéng修xiū大dà會huì
觀guān音yīn顯xiǎn聖shèng化huà金jīn蟬chán

The Tang King, Sincere in Faith, Convenes the Grand Assembly · Guanyin, Manifesting Her Holy Form, Transforms the Golden Cicada

太宗識奘
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原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

太宗識奘 Taizong Knows His Man

當dāng時shí三sān位wèi引yǐn至zhì御yù前qián,揚yáng塵chén舞wǔ蹈dǎo。拜bài罷bà奏zòu曰yuē:「臣chén瑀yǔ等děng蒙méng聖shèng旨zhǐ,選xuǎn得de高gāo僧sēng一yì名míng陳chén玄xuán奘zàng。」太tài宗zōng聞wén其qí名míng,沉chén思sī良liáng久jiǔ道dào:「可kě是shì學xué士shì陳chén光guāng蕊ruǐ之zhī兒ér玄xuán奘zàng否fǒu?」江jiāng流liú兒er叩kòu頭tóu曰yuē:「臣chén正zhèng是shì。」太tài宗zōng喜xǐ道dào:「果guǒ然rán舉jǔ之zhī不bú錯cuò,誠chéng為wéi有yǒu德dé行xíng有yǒu禪chán心xīn的de和hé尚shàng。朕zhèn賜cì你nǐ左zuǒ僧sēng綱gāng,右yòu僧sēng綱gāng,天tiān下xià大dà闡chǎn都dū僧sēng綱gāng之zhī職zhí。」玄xuán奘zàng頓dùn首shǒu謝xiè恩ēn,受shòu了le大dà闡chǎn官guān爵jué。又yòu賜cì五wǔ彩cǎi織zhī金jīn袈jiā裟shā一yí件jiàn、毘pí盧lú帽mào一yì頂dǐng。教jiào他tā用yòng心xīn再zài拜bài明míng僧sēng,排pái次cì闍shé黎lí班bān首shǒu,書shū辦bàn旨zhǐ意yì,前qián赴fù化huà生shēng寺sì,擇zé定dìng吉jí日rì良liáng時shí,開kāi演yǎn經jīng法fǎ。当dāng时shí三sān位wèi引yǐn至zhì御yù前qián,扬yáng尘chén舞wǔ蹈dǎo。拜bài罢bà奏zòu曰yuē:「臣chén瑀yǔ等děng蒙méng圣shèng旨zhǐ,选xuǎn得de高gāo僧sēng一yì名míng陈chén玄xuán奘zàng。」太tài宗zōng闻wén其qí名míng,沉chén思sī良liáng久jiǔ道dào:「可kě是shì学xué士shì陈chén光guāng蕊ruǐ之zhī儿ér玄xuán奘zàng否fǒu?」江jiāng流liú儿er叩kòu头tóu曰yuē:「臣chén正zhèng是shì。」太tài宗zōng喜xǐ道dào:「果guǒ然rán举jǔ之zhī不bú错cuò,诚chéng为wéi有yǒu德dé行xíng有yǒu禅chán心xīn的de和hé尚shàng。朕zhèn赐cì你nǐ左zuǒ僧sēng纲gāng,右yòu僧sēng纲gāng,天tiān下xià大dà阐chǎn都dū僧sēng纲gāng之zhī职zhí。」玄xuán奘zàng顿dùn首shǒu谢xiè恩ēn,受shòu了le大dà阐chǎn官guān爵jué。又yòu赐cì五wǔ彩cǎi织zhī金jīn袈jiā裟shā一yí件jiàn、毘pí卢lú帽mào一yì顶dǐng。教jiào他tā用yòng心xīn再zài拜bài明míng僧sēng,排pái次cì阇shé黎lí班bān首shǒu,书shū办bàn旨zhǐ意yì,前qián赴fù化huà生shēng寺sì,择zé定dìng吉jí日rì良liáng时shí,开kāi演yǎn经jīng法fǎ。


逐句解 Line by line

當dāng時shí三sān位wèi引yǐn至zhì御yù前qián,揚yáng塵chén舞wǔ蹈dǎo。 当dāng时shí三sān位wèi引yǐn至zhì御yù前qián,扬yáng尘chén舞wǔ蹈dǎo。

Then the three led him before the imperial presence, where he made obeisance with the raising of dust and the dance of homage.

揚塵舞蹈, raising dust and dancing, is the formal court obeisance — a prescribed sequence of movements, and rather less spontaneous than the words make it sound.

拜bài罷bà奏zòu曰yuē:「臣chén瑀yǔ等děng蒙méng聖shèng旨zhǐ,選xuǎn得de高gāo僧sēng一yì名míng陳chén玄xuán奘zàng。」 拜bài罢bà奏zòu曰yuē:「臣chén瑀yǔ等děng蒙méng圣shèng旨zhǐ,选xuǎn得de高gāo僧sēng一yì名míng陈chén玄xuán奘zàng。」

Their bows completed, they submitted: 'We, your servants Xiao Yu and the rest, in obedience to the sage command, have selected one eminent monk, Chen Xuanzang.'

得 in 選得 is the outcome de. Xiao Yu, who carried the debate a few passages back, heads the selection panel.

太tài宗zōng聞wén其qí名míng,沉chén思sī良liáng久jiǔ道dào:「可kě是shì學xué士shì陳chén光guāng蕊ruǐ之zhī兒ér玄xuán奘zàng否fǒu?」 太tài宗zōng闻wén其qí名míng,沉chén思sī良liáng久jiǔ道dào:「可kě是shì学xué士shì陈chén光guāng蕊ruǐ之zhī儿ér玄xuán奘zàng否fǒu?」

When Taizong heard the name, he pondered a long while and said: 'Could this be Xuanzang, the son of the Academician Chen Guangrui?'

Taizong knows the name, which tells us how well Chen Guangrui was known at court. 兒 in 之兒, the son of, is the full noun ér.

江jiāng流liú兒er叩kòu頭tóu曰yuē:「臣chén正zhèng是shì。」 江jiāng流liú儿er叩kòu头tóu曰yuē:「臣chén正zhèng是shì。」

Jiangliu-er knocked his head and said: 'Your servant is the very man.'

江流兒, Jiangliu-er, River-Current Child, is the name he was given as a foundling, and it is the one he answers to here in front of the emperor. The 兒 is the little suffix, read er.

太tài宗zōng喜xǐ道dào:「果guǒ然rán舉jǔ之zhī不bú錯cuò,誠chéng為wéi有yǒu德dé行xíng有yǒu禪chán心xīn的de和hé尚shàng。 太tài宗zōng喜xǐ道dào:「果guǒ然rán举jǔ之zhī不bú错cuò,诚chéng为wéi有yǒu德dé行xíng有yǒu禅chán心xīn的de和hé尚shàng。

Taizong said with pleasure: 'Truly he has been rightly put forward — he is indeed a monk of virtue and conduct, and of a heart set on Chan.'

為 in 誠為, is truly, is wéi, to be. 禪心, a heart set on Chan, marks him fit in spirit as well as in conduct.

朕zhèn賜cì你nǐ左zuǒ僧sēng綱gāng,右yòu僧sēng綱gāng,天tiān下xià大dà闡chǎn都dū僧sēng綱gāng之zhī職zhí。」 朕zhèn赐cì你nǐ左zuǒ僧sēng纲gāng,右yòu僧sēng纲gāng,天tiān下xià大dà阐chǎn都dū僧sēng纲gāng之zhī职zhí。」

'I grant you the offices of Left Samgha-Controller and Right Samgha-Controller, and of Chief Samgha-Controller and Grand Expositor of all the realm.'

僧綱 (sēng gāng) is a state post for administering the Buddhist clergy — the church run as a branch of government, which is how the Tang preferred it. In 都僧綱, Chief Samgha-Controller, the character 都 is dū, chief or metropolitan. 大闡 is Grand Expositor.

玄xuán奘zàng頓dùn首shǒu謝xiè恩ēn,受shòu了le大dà闡chǎn官guān爵jué。 玄xuán奘zàng顿dùn首shǒu谢xiè恩ēn,受shòu了le大dà阐chǎn官guān爵jué。

Xuanzang bowed his head, gave thanks for the grace, and received the rank of Grand Expositor.

了 in 受了 is the completed-action le. He is now the ranking cleric of the empire.

又yòu賜cì五wǔ彩cǎi織zhī金jīn袈jiā裟shā一yí件jiàn、毘pí盧lú帽mào一yì頂dǐng。 又yòu赐cì五wǔ彩cǎi织zhī金jīn袈jiā裟shā一yí件jiàn、毘pí卢lú帽mào一yì顶dǐng。

He was also granted a cassock of five-colored gold brocade and a Vairocana mitre.

The 毘盧帽, the Vairocana mitre, is a ceremonial crown named for Vairocana, the cosmic Buddha. Hold that thought: these first vestments are a rehearsal, and the gifts that will matter — Guanyin's brocade cassock and nine-ringed staff — are still some way ahead. 一件 and 一頂 take their regular shifted readings.

教jiào他tā用yòng心xīn再zài拜bài明míng僧sēng,排pái次cì闍shé黎lí班bān首shǒu,書shū辦bàn旨zhǐ意yì,前qián赴fù化huà生shēng寺sì,擇zé定dìng吉jí日rì良liáng時shí,開kāi演yǎn經jīng法fǎ。 教jiào他tā用yòng心xīn再zài拜bài明míng僧sēng,排pái次cì阇shé黎lí班bān首shǒu,书shū办bàn旨zhǐ意yì,前qián赴fù化huà生shēng寺sì,择zé定dìng吉jí日rì良liáng时shí,开kāi演yǎn经jīng法fǎ。

He was ordered to take pains to choose the enlightened monks anew, to arrange in order the ranks of the ācāryas and the leaders of the assembly, to draw up the imperial command in writing, to proceed to the Huasheng Temple, and there, choosing an auspicious day and hour, to open the exposition of the scriptural law.

教 in 教他用心 is jiào, to order. 闍黎 (shé lí, from the Sanskrit ācārya) is a Buddhist master or preceptor; 化生寺, the Temple of Transformation-Birth, is the site appointed for the Grand Mass.


總評 Commentary

Taizong's recognition closes the identification and binds Xuanzang to the throne by memory and gratitude at once: the emperor knew his father, the restored graduate Chen Guangrui, and greets the son with evident pleasure. The scene then does the practical work of investiture, conferring the highest offices of the Buddhist administration, the first ceremonial vestments, and the charge to organise the assembly at the Huasheng Temple.

Those opening gifts of cassock and mitre are quietly a promise of what is coming: they establish Xuanzang as a man worthy of vestments, and so prepare the reader for the far more consequential regalia — Guanyin's brocade cassock and nine-ringed staff — that the Bodhisattva will bring once the rite is under way. With the officiant named, recognised and empowered, the chapter is ready to open the Grand Mass itself.