Canonical Classics ← 第十二回
第十二回
唐táng王wáng秉bǐng誠chéng修xiū大dà會huì
觀guān音yīn顯xiǎn聖shèng化huà金jīn蟬chán

The Tang King, Sincere in Faith, Convenes the Grand Assembly · Guanyin, Manifesting Her Holy Form, Transforms the Golden Cicada

袈裟利益
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拼音 Pinyin Off
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原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

袈裟利益 The Virtues of the Cassock

那nà菩pú薩sà更gèng不bù爭zhēng吵chǎo,與yǔ木mù叉chā往wǎng前qián又yòu走zǒu。行xíng勾gōu多duō時shí,來lái到dào東dōng華huá門mén前qián,正zhèng撞zhuàng著zháo宰zǎi相xiàng蕭xiāo瑀yǔ散sàn朝cháo而ér回huí,眾zhòng頭tóu踏tà喝hè開kāi街jiē道dào。那nà菩pú薩sà公gōng然rán不bú避bì,當dāng街jiē上shàng拿ná著zhe袈jiā裟shā,徑jìng迎yíng著zhe宰zǎi相xiàng。宰zǎi相xiàng勒lēi馬mǎ觀guān看kàn,見jiàn袈jiā裟shā豔yàn豔yàn生shēng光guāng,著zhuó手shǒu下xià人rén問wèn那nà賣mài袈jiā裟shā的de要yào價jià幾jǐ何hé,菩pú薩sà道dào:「袈jiā裟shā要yào五wǔ千qiān兩liǎng,錫xī杖zhàng要yào二èr千qiān兩liǎng。」蕭xiāo瑀yǔ道dào:「有yǒu何hé好hǎo處chù,值zhí這zhè般bān高gāo價jià?」菩pú薩sà道dào:「袈jiā裟shā有yǒu好hǎo處chù,有yǒu不bù好hǎo處chù;有yǒu要yào錢qián處chù,有yǒu不bú要yào錢qián處chù。」蕭xiāo瑀yǔ道dào:「何hé為wéi好hǎo?何hé為wéi不bù好hǎo?」菩pú薩sà道dào:「著zhuó了le我wǒ袈jiā裟shā,不bú入rù沉chén淪lún,不bú墮duò地dì獄yù,不bù遭zāo惡è毒dú之zhī難nàn,不bú遇yù虎hǔ狼láng之zhī災zāi,便biàn是shì好hǎo處chù;若ruò貪tān淫yín樂lè禍huò的de愚yú僧sēng,不bù齋zhāi不bú戒jiè的de和hé尚shàng,毀huǐ經jīng謗bàng佛fó的de凡fán夫fū,難nán見jiàn我wǒ袈jiā裟shā之zhī面miàn,這zhè便biàn是shì不bù好hǎo處chù。」那nà菩pú萨sà更gèng不bù争zhēng吵chǎo,与yǔ木mù叉chā往wǎng前qián又yòu走zǒu。行xíng勾gōu多duō时shí,来lái到dào东dōng华huá门mén前qián,正zhèng撞zhuàng着zháo宰zǎi相xiàng萧xiāo瑀yǔ散sàn朝cháo而ér回huí,众zhòng头tóu踏tà喝hè开kāi街jiē道dào。那nà菩pú萨sà公gōng然rán不bú避bì,当dāng街jiē上shàng拿ná着zhe袈jiā裟shā,径jìng迎yíng着zhe宰zǎi相xiàng。宰zǎi相xiàng勒lēi马mǎ观guān看kàn,见jiàn袈jiā裟shā艳yàn艳yàn生shēng光guāng,着zhuó手shǒu下xià人rén问wèn那nà卖mài袈jiā裟shā的de要yào价jià几jǐ何hé,菩pú萨sà道dào:「袈jiā裟shā要yào五wǔ千qiān两liǎng,锡xī杖zhàng要yào二èr千qiān两liǎng。」萧xiāo瑀yǔ道dào:「有yǒu何hé好hǎo处chù,值zhí这zhè般bān高gāo价jià?」菩pú萨sà道dào:「袈jiā裟shā有yǒu好hǎo处chù,有yǒu不bù好hǎo处chù;有yǒu要yào钱qián处chù,有yǒu不bú要yào钱qián处chù。」萧xiāo瑀yǔ道dào:「何hé为wéi好hǎo?何hé为wéi不bù好hǎo?」菩pú萨sà道dào:「着zhuó了le我wǒ袈jiā裟shā,不bú入rù沉chén沦lún,不bú堕duò地dì狱yù,不bù遭zāo恶è毒dú之zhī难nàn,不bú遇yù虎hǔ狼láng之zhī灾zāi,便biàn是shì好hǎo处chù;若ruò贪tān淫yín乐lè祸huò的de愚yú僧sēng,不bù斋zhāi不bú戒jiè的de和hé尚shàng,毁huǐ经jīng谤bàng佛fó的de凡fán夫fū,难nán见jiàn我wǒ袈jiā裟shā之zhī面miàn,这zhè便biàn是shì不bù好hǎo处chù。」


逐句解 Line by line

那nà菩pú薩sà更gèng不bù爭zhēng吵chǎo,與yǔ木mù叉chā往wǎng前qián又yòu走zǒu。 那nà菩pú萨sà更gèng不bù争zhēng吵chǎo,与yǔ木mù叉chā往wǎng前qián又yòu走zǒu。

That Bodhisattva did not argue further, but went on ahead with Moksha.

那 is the pointing nà; 更 in 更不, did not even, is gèng. She does not argue with him, which is its own verdict.

行xíng勾gōu多duō時shí,來lái到dào東dōng華huá門mén前qián,正zhèng撞zhuàng著zháo宰zǎi相xiàng蕭xiāo瑀yǔ散sàn朝cháo而ér回huí,眾zhòng頭tóu踏tà喝hè開kāi街jiē道dào。 行xíng勾gōu多duō时shí,来lái到dào东dōng华huá门mén前qián,正zhèng撞zhuàng着zháo宰zǎi相xiàng萧xiāo瑀yǔ散sàn朝cháo而ér回huí,众zhòng头tóu踏tà喝hè开kāi街jiē道dào。

After walking a good while, they came before the Donghua Gate, and ran right into the Chancellor Xiao Yu returning from the adjourned court, his outriders clearing the streets with shouts.

著 in 撞著, to run into, is zháo; 相 in 宰相 is xiàng; 散 in 散朝, the court adjourned, is sàn, and 朝 is cháo.

那nà菩pú薩sà公gōng然rán不bú避bì,當dāng街jiē上shàng拿ná著zhe袈jiā裟shā,徑jìng迎yíng著zhe宰zǎi相xiàng。 那nà菩pú萨sà公gōng然rán不bú避bì,当dāng街jiē上shàng拿ná着zhe袈jiā裟shā,径jìng迎yíng着zhe宰zǎi相xiàng。

That Bodhisattva made no move to avoid them, but stood in the middle of the street holding up the cassock, and went straight to meet the Chancellor.

那 is the pointing nà; both occurrences of 著, in 拿著 and 迎著, are the ongoing-action zhe; 相 in 宰相 is xiàng. A beggar holding his ground in the middle of a chancellor's cleared street is not behaving like a beggar.

宰zǎi相xiàng勒lēi馬mǎ觀guān看kàn,見jiàn袈jiā裟shā豔yàn豔yàn生shēng光guāng,著zhuó手shǒu下xià人rén問wèn那nà賣mài袈jiā裟shā的de要yào價jià幾jǐ何hé,菩pú薩sà道dào:「袈jiā裟shā要yào五wǔ千qiān兩liǎng,錫xī杖zhàng要yào二èr千qiān兩liǎng。」 宰zǎi相xiàng勒lēi马mǎ观guān看kàn,见jiàn袈jiā裟shā艳yàn艳yàn生shēng光guāng,着zhuó手shǒu下xià人rén问wèn那nà卖mài袈jiā裟shā的de要yào价jià几jǐ何hé,菩pú萨sà道dào:「袈jiā裟shā要yào五wǔ千qiān两liǎng,锡xī杖zhàng要yào二èr千qiān两liǎng。」

The Chancellor reined in his horse to look, and seeing the cassock all radiant with light, had his attendants ask the seller of the cassock what price he wanted. The Bodhisattva said: 'The cassock, five thousand taels; the staff, two thousand.'

相 in 宰相 is xiàng; 著 in 著手下人, had his attendants do it, is the causative zhuó; 那 in 那賣袈裟的 is the pointing nà.

蕭xiāo瑀yǔ道dào:「有yǒu何hé好hǎo處chù,值zhí這zhè般bān高gāo價jià?」 萧xiāo瑀yǔ道dào:「有yǒu何hé好hǎo处chù,值zhí这zhè般bān高gāo价jià?」

Xiao Yu said: 'What virtue has it, to be worth so high a price?'

The whole difference between this man and the last one is a single question. Xiao Yu asks what the cassock is worth; the foolish monk had already decided.

菩pú薩sà道dào:「袈jiā裟shā有yǒu好hǎo處chù,有yǒu不bù好hǎo處chù;有yǒu要yào錢qián處chù,有yǒu不bú要yào錢qián處chù。」 菩pú萨sà道dào:「袈jiā裟shā有yǒu好hǎo处chù,有yǒu不bù好hǎo处chù;有yǒu要yào钱qián处chù,有yǒu不bú要yào钱qián处chù。」

The Bodhisattva said: 'The cassock has its virtues and its faults; there are cases where it costs money, and cases where it does not.'

She answers in riddles — it has virtues and faults, it costs money and it does not — which is how a teacher draws a promising pupil further in.

蕭xiāo瑀yǔ道dào:「何hé為wéi好hǎo?何hé為wéi不bù好hǎo?」 萧xiāo瑀yǔ道dào:「何hé为wéi好hǎo?何hé为wéi不bù好hǎo?」

Xiao Yu said: 'What do you mean by its virtue? What by its fault?'

In 何為好 and 何為不好, what do you mean by good and what by not-good, 為 is wéi, to be or constitute.

菩pú薩sà道dào:「著zhuó了le我wǒ袈jiā裟shā,不bú入rù沉chén淪lún,不bú墮duò地dì獄yù,不bù遭zāo惡è毒dú之zhī難nàn,不bú遇yù虎hǔ狼láng之zhī災zāi,便biàn是shì好hǎo處chù; 菩pú萨sà道dào:「着zhuó了le我wǒ袈jiā裟shā,不bú入rù沉chén沦lún,不bú堕duò地dì狱yù,不bù遭zāo恶è毒dú之zhī难nàn,不bú遇yù虎hǔ狼láng之zhī灾zāi,便biàn是shì好hǎo处chù;

The Bodhisattva said: 'One who wears my cassock will not sink into perdition, will not fall into hell, will not meet the calamity of malice, will not encounter the disaster of tiger and wolf — that is its virtue.'

著 in 著了我袈裟, wears my cassock, is zhuó, to put on — a fourth job for a character this chapter has already used for ongoing action, for running into someone, and for ordering a subordinate about. 難 in 惡毒之難, the calamity of malice, is nàn.

若ruò貪tān淫yín樂lè禍huò的de愚yú僧sēng,不bù齋zhāi不bú戒jiè的de和hé尚shàng,毀huǐ經jīng謗bàng佛fó的de凡fán夫fū,難nán見jiàn我wǒ袈jiā裟shā之zhī面miàn,這zhè便biàn是shì不bù好hǎo處chù。」 若ruò贪tān淫yín乐lè祸huò的de愚yú僧sēng,不bù斋zhāi不bú戒jiè的de和hé尚shàng,毁huǐ经jīng谤bàng佛fó的de凡fán夫fū,难nán见jiàn我wǒ袈jiā裟shā之zhī面miàn,这zhè便biàn是shì不bù好hǎo处chù。」

'But for the foolish monk who covets lust and delights in calamity, the monk who keeps neither fast nor precept, the worldling who reviles the scriptures and slanders the Buddha — such a one shall hardly look upon the face of my cassock, and that is its fault.'

樂 in 樂禍, to take pleasure in calamity, is lè; 難 in 難見, hardly see, is nán, difficult — the same character that carried nàn, tribulation, one line earlier. The garment sorts people: it shelters the worthy and turns its face from the corrupt.


總評 Commentary

The encounter with Xiao Yu mirrors the scene with the foolish monk, and the Bodhisattva now speaks in the riddling paradoxes proper to a teacher testing a pupil: the cassock has virtues and faults, costs money and does not, all according to who would possess it. Her exposition is a small sermon on moral discrimination — the garment shields the devout from perdition, hell, malice and beast, but turns its face from the lustful, the unobservant and the blasphemous.

The treasure's value is therefore not fixed and saleable but relational and moral, legible only to someone who reveres the Dharma. Xiao Yu's patient questioning — what do you mean by its virtue? — marks him as exactly the discerning listener the foolish monk was not.