Canonical Classics ← 第六十回
第六十回
牛niú魔mó王wáng罷bà戰zhàn赴fù華huá筵yán
孫sūn行xíng者zhě二èr調tiáo芭bā蕉jiāo扇shàn

The Bull Demon King Breaks Off the Fight for a Splendid Banquet · Sun the Pilgrim Contrives the Second Fetching of the Banana-Leaf Fan

這場好鬥
模式 Mode Read Study
拼音 Pinyin Off
字體 Script 繁
原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition 含詞賦 With rhapsody

這場好鬥 This Fine Bout

兩liǎng個gè這zhè場cháng好hǎo鬥dòu:两liǎng个gè这zhè场cháng好hǎo斗dòu:

金jīn箍gū棒bàng,混hùn鐵tiě棍gùn,變biàn臉liǎn不bù以yǐ朋péng友yǒu論lùn。金jīn箍gū棒bàng,混hùn铁tiě棍gùn,变biàn脸liǎn不bù以yǐ朋péng友yǒu论lùn。
那nà個gè說shuō:「正zhèng怪guài你nǐ這zhè猢hú猻sūn害hài子zǐ情qíng。」那nà个gè说shuō:「正zhèng怪guài你nǐ这zhè猢hú狲sūn害hài子zǐ情qíng。」
這zhè個gè說shuō:「你nǐ令lìng郎láng已yǐ得dé道dào休xiū嗔chēn恨hèn。」这zhè个gè说shuō:「你nǐ令lìng郎láng已yǐ得dé道dào休xiū嗔chēn恨hèn。」
那nà個gè說shuō:「你nǐ無wú知zhī怎zěn敢gǎn上shàng我wǒ門mén?」那nà个gè说shuō:「你nǐ无wú知zhī怎zěn敢gǎn上shàng我wǒ门mén?」
這zhè個gè說shuō:「我wǒ有yǒu因yīn特tè地dì來lái相xiāng問wèn。」这zhè个gè说shuō:「我wǒ有yǒu因yīn特tè地dì来lái相xiāng问wèn。」
一yí個gè要yào求qiú扇shàn子zi保bǎo唐táng僧sēng,一yí個gè不bú借jiè芭bā蕉jiāo忒tè鄙bǐ吝lìn。一yí个gè要yào求qiú扇shàn子zi保bǎo唐táng僧sēng,一yí个gè不bú借jiè芭bā蕉jiāo忒tè鄙bǐ吝lìn。
語yǔ去qù言yán來lái失shī舊jiù情qíng,舉jǔ家jiā無wú義yì皆jiē生shēng忿fèn。语yǔ去qù言yán来lái失shī旧jiù情qíng,举jǔ家jiā无wú义yì皆jiē生shēng忿fèn。
牛niú王wáng棍gùn起qǐ賽sài蛟jiāo龍lóng,大dà聖shèng棒bàng迎yíng神shén鬼guǐ遁dùn。牛niú王wáng棍gùn起qǐ赛sài蛟jiāo龙lóng,大dà圣shèng棒bàng迎yíng神shén鬼guǐ遁dùn。
初chū時shí爭zhēng鬥dòu在zài山shān前qián,後hòu來lái齊qí駕jià祥xiáng雲yún進jìn。初chū时shí争zhēng斗dòu在zài山shān前qián,后hòu来lái齐qí驾jià祥xiáng云yún进jìn。
半bàn空kōng之zhī內nèi顯xiǎn神shén通tōng,五wǔ彩cǎi光guāng中zhōng施shī妙miào運yùn。半bàn空kōng之zhī内nèi显xiǎn神shén通tōng,五wǔ彩cǎi光guāng中zhōng施shī妙miào运yùn。
兩liǎng條tiáo棍gùn響xiǎng振zhèn天tiān關guān,不bú見jiàn輸shū贏yíng皆jiē傍páng寸cùn。两liǎng条tiáo棍gùn响xiǎng振zhèn天tiān关guān,不bú见jiàn输shū赢yíng皆jiē傍páng寸cùn。

逐句解 Line by line

兩liǎng個gè這zhè場cháng好hǎo鬥dòu: 两liǎng个gè这zhè场cháng好hǎo斗dòu:

A fine bout the two of them made of it:

The tag is descriptive rather than one of the fixed formulas, and it stands on its own line, which is the signal that description is about to take the wheel for a while.

金jīn箍gū棒bàng,混hùn鐵tiě棍gùn,變biàn臉liǎn不bù以yǐ朋péng友yǒu論lùn。 金jīn箍gū棒bàng,混hùn铁tiě棍gùn,变biàn脸liǎn不bù以yǐ朋péng友yǒu论lùn。

Gold-hooped cudgel, wrought-iron staff — the faces changed, and no more reckoning as friends.

The poem opens by naming the two weapons and nothing else, so the fighters enter it as their arms. 變臉 is to change countenance — the phrase modern Chinese still uses for a friend turning cold in an instant — and 不以朋友論 is to stop treating one another as friends.

那nà個gè說shuō:「正zhèng怪guài你nǐ這zhè猢hú猻sūn害hài子zǐ情qíng。」 那nà个gè说shuō:「正zhèng怪guài你nǐ这zhè猢hú狲sūn害hài子zǐ情qíng。」

That one says: "It is you, ape, that I blame for the harming of my son."

Here the poem does something none of the chapter's earlier ones does: it starts quoting. 那個說 and 這個說 — that one says, this one says — alternate for four lines, so that a shouted argument is set in verse. 子 is zǐ, son.

這zhè個gè說shuō:「你nǐ令lìng郎láng已yǐ得dé道dào休xiū嗔chēn恨hèn。」 这zhè个gè说shuō:「你nǐ令lìng郎láng已yǐ得dé道dào休xiū嗔chēn恨hèn。」

This one says: "Your honoured son has attained the Way; have done with your resentment."

得道 takes dé, attainment. The reply squeezes into seven characters the whole argument the Great Sage made at length in prose a few passages back.

那nà個gè說shuō:「你nǐ無wú知zhī怎zěn敢gǎn上shàng我wǒ門mén?」 那nà个gè说shuō:「你nǐ无wú知zhī怎zěn敢gǎn上shàng我wǒ门mén?」

That one says: "Witless creature, how dare you come to my gate?"

那個 is the pointing kind. The second exchange abandons the son altogether and moves to the trespass, exactly as the prose quarrel did.

這zhè個gè說shuō:「我wǒ有yǒu因yīn特tè地dì來lái相xiāng問wèn。」 这zhè个gè说shuō:「我wǒ有yǒu因yīn特tè地dì来lái相xiāng问wèn。」

This one says: "I have my reasons, and came expressly to ask."

相問 takes xiāng. 有因 — having a reason — is the mildest possible account of an errand that has so far produced a chase and a duel.

一yí個gè要yào求qiú扇shàn子zi保bǎo唐táng僧sēng,一yí個gè不bú借jiè芭bā蕉jiāo忒tè鄙bǐ吝lìn。 一yí个gè要yào求qiú扇shàn子zi保bǎo唐táng僧sēng,一yí个gè不bú借jiè芭bā蕉jiāo忒tè鄙bǐ吝lìn。

The one would beg the fan to guard the Tang Monk; the one will not lend the banana-leaf, and is mean beyond measure.

A reading worth catching, because it hangs on how the line is cut. 要 is yào, the modal, and the sense is 要 plus 求扇子: would beg for the fan. Read 要求 as the modern compound meaning to demand and you get yāo and the wrong line. 忒 is the vernacular intensifier, excessively. Note too that the quotation marks drop away here and both sides are reported in the third person.

語yǔ去qù言yán來lái失shī舊jiù情qíng,舉jǔ家jiā無wú義yì皆jiē生shēng忿fèn。 语yǔ去qù言yán来lái失shī旧jiù情qíng,举jǔ家jiā无wú义yì皆jiē生shēng忿fèn。

Words going and words coming lose the old affection; a whole house without right feeling, and rancour breeding in them all.

舉家 — the whole household — widens the quarrel from two men to a family, and the reader is meant to count in the Rākṣasī, the Jade-Faced Princess and the Red Boy.

牛niú王wáng棍gùn起qǐ賽sài蛟jiāo龍lóng,大dà聖shèng棒bàng迎yíng神shén鬼guǐ遁dùn。 牛niú王wáng棍gùn起qǐ赛sài蛟jiāo龙lóng,大dà圣shèng棒bàng迎yíng神shén鬼guǐ遁dùn。

The Bull King's staff rises, outdoing a flood-dragon; the Great Sage's cudgel meets it, and gods and demons flee.

賽 is sài, to outdo in contest. The couplet returns from speech to combat and restores the strict parallel of the opening.

初chū時shí爭zhēng鬥dòu在zài山shān前qián,後hòu來lái齊qí駕jià祥xiáng雲yún進jìn。 初chū时shí争zhēng斗dòu在zài山shān前qián,后hòu来lái齐qí驾jià祥xiáng云yún进jìn。

At first they strove and fought before the mountain; afterwards they rode the auspicious cloud together and mounted.

初時 and 後來 mark the only movement the fight has: from the ground into the air. 齊 insists they rise together, neither one driving the other up.

半bàn空kōng之zhī內nèi顯xiǎn神shén通tōng,五wǔ彩cǎi光guāng中zhōng施shī妙miào運yùn。 半bàn空kōng之zhī内nèi显xiǎn神shén通tōng,五wǔ彩cǎi光guāng中zhōng施shī妙miào运yùn。

In mid-air they showed their divine powers; amid five-coloured light they worked their marvellous turns.

中 is zhōng. 妙運 is skilled manoeuvring — the vocabulary here is of craft rather than of fury.

兩liǎng條tiáo棍gùn響xiǎng振zhèn天tiān關guān,不bú見jiàn輸shū贏yíng皆jiē傍páng寸cùn。 两liǎng条tiáo棍gùn响xiǎng振zhèn天tiān关guān,不bú见jiàn输shū赢yíng皆jiē傍páng寸cùn。

The two staffs ring and shake the barrier of heaven; no winning or losing is to be seen, and the two are matched within a cùn.

傍 is páng, beside. 皆傍寸 is obscure and appears to mean that neither can gain more than a 寸 on the other — a cùn being the small length measure, roughly three centimetres, that sits under the 尺. The line is given as printed and no reading is claimed for it beyond the character's standing value.


總評 Commentary

This poem does something none of the chapter's earlier ones does: it quotes. Four consecutive lines are speeches, marked "that one says" and "this one says" and set in quotation marks inside the verse, so that the argument of the preceding prose is replayed in metre. The son, the trespass, the fan, the refusal — the same four points in the same order, each compressed to seven characters.

The compression is what makes it interesting. In prose the Great Sage needed a long sentence to argue that the Red Boy had been promoted rather than destroyed; in verse he needs seven characters. What the poem supplies is not new information but the shape of the quarrel seen all at once, and the shape is perfectly symmetrical: accusation, answer, accusation, answer, and then a couplet stating both positions in the third person with nothing to choose between them.

The last line is the point of the whole piece. Two staffs shake the barrier of heaven and nothing whatever is decided. Every couplet after the dialogue insists on the balance — the staff rises and the cudgel meets it, they climb together, they show their powers together — and the closing 不見輸贏 makes the deadlock explicit. The fight cannot resolve the chapter, and the novel says so in verse before it says so in prose.