Canonical Classics ← 第二十四回
第二十四回
wànshòushānxiānliúyǒu
zhuāngguànxíngzhěqièrénshēn

At the Mountain of Ten Thousand Years the Great Immortal Keeps an Old Friend · At the Abbey of the Five Villages Pilgrim Steals the Ginseng-Fruit

人參靈根
模式 Mode Read Study
拼音 Pinyin Off
字體 Script
原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

人參靈根 The Ginseng-Fruit’s Numinous Root

quèshuōzhèzuòshānmínghuànwànshòushānshānzhōngyǒuzuòguànmínghuànzhuāngguànguànyǒuzūnxiāndàohàozhènyuánhùnmíngshìtóngjūnguànchūbānbǎonǎishìhùndùnchūfēnhóngméngshǐpàntiānwèikāizhīchǎnchéngzhèlínggēngàitiānxiàzhōuwéi西niúzhōuzhuāngguànchūhuànmíngcǎohuándānyòumíngrénshēnguǒsānqiānniánkāihuāsānqiānniánjiéguǒzàisānqiānniáncáishúduǎntóuwànniánfāngchīzhèwànniánzhǐjiédesānshíguǒziguǒzideyàngjiùsānzhāowèi滿mǎndexiǎoháixiāngzhīquánguānxiánbèirénruòyǒuyuánguǒziwénlewénjiùhuósānbǎiliùshísuìchījiùhuówànqiānniánquèshuōzhèzuòshānmínghuànwàn寿shòushānshānzhōngyǒuzuòguànmínghuànzhuāngguànguànyǒuzūnxiāndàohàozhènyuánhùnmíngshìtóngjūnguànchūbānbǎonǎishìhùndùnchūfēn鸿hóngméngshǐpàntiānwèikāizhīchǎnchéngzhèlínggēngàitiānxiàzhōuwéi西niúzhōuzhuāngguànchūhuànmíngcǎohuándānyòumíngrénshēnguǒsānqiānniánkāihuāsānqiānniánjiéguǒzàisānqiānniáncáishúduǎntóuwànniánfāngchīzhèwànniánzhǐjiédesānshíguǒziguǒzideyàngjiùsānzhāowèimǎndexiǎoháixiāngzhīquánguānxiánbèirénruòyǒuyuánguǒziwénlewénjiùhuósānbǎiliùshísuìchījiùhuówànqiānnián


逐句解 Line by line

quèshuōzhèzuòshānmínghuànwànshòushān quèshuōzhèzuòshānmínghuànwàn寿shòushān

Now this mountain was named the Mountain of Ten Thousand Years of Life.

The narrator now steps back to brief the reader on a place the pilgrims have not yet entered. 萬壽山, Wàn shòu Shān, the Mountain of Ten Thousand Long Lives — the name is the first hint of what grows there.

shānzhōngyǒuzuòguànmínghuànzhuāngguàn shānzhōngyǒuzuòguànmínghuànzhuāngguàn

On the mountain stood a temple, named the Temple of the Five Villages.

五莊觀, Wǔ zhuāng Guàn, the Five Estates Abbey. Note the tone on : as a Daoist temple it is guàn, not the guān of "to look at" that Sha Monk used a moment ago. The novel will run both readings past each other repeatedly in this chapter, sometimes in a single sentence.

guànyǒuzūnxiāndàohàozhènyuánhùnmíngshìtóngjūn guànyǒuzūnxiāndàohàozhènyuánhùnmíngshìtóngjūn

Within the temple dwelt an Immortal, whose Daoist style was Master Zhenyuan, and whose byname was Lord Coeval-with-the-World.

鎮元子, Zhèn yuán Zǐ — and the is the full , the honorific "Master" of 老子 and 莊子, not the light suffix. His 混名 or byname, 與世同君, means "as old as the world" — a claim the chapter will keep escalating.

guànchūbānbǎonǎishìhùndùnchūfēnhóngméngshǐpàntiānwèikāizhīchǎnchéngzhèlínggēn guànchūbānbǎonǎishìhùndùnchūfēn鸿hóngméngshǐpàntiānwèikāizhīchǎnchéngzhèlínggēn

In that temple there grew a strange treasure, born at the very parting of Chaos, the first sundering of the primal murk, before Heaven and Earth were opened — a numinous root brought forth complete.

The tree predates the universe. 混沌初分, hùn dùn chū fēn, when Chaos first split; 鴻濛, hóng méng, the primal murk before anything had shape. The fruit is a 靈根, a numinous root, and it grew before Heaven and Earth were separated — which puts it outside the reach of anything created afterwards, including the gods.

gàitiānxiàzhōuwéi西niúzhōuzhuāngguànchūhuànmíngcǎohuándānyòumíngrénshēnguǒ gàitiānxiàzhōuwéi西niúzhōuzhuāngguànchūhuànmíngcǎohuándānyòumíngrénshēnguǒ

Across the whole world of the Four Great Continents, only the Wǔzhuāng Temple of the Western Continent of Cattle-Gift brought it forth. It was called the Grass-Return Elixir, and also the Ginseng-Fruit.

Of the four great continents of Buddhist geography, only this one grows it, and only in this one abbey. It has two names: 草還丹, the Grass-Return Elixir, and 人參果, the ginseng-fruit. 還丹 is a term of art from alchemy — the "reverted elixir," cinnabar cycled back to its original state — so its is huán, "to return," not the hái of "still." In 人參, is shēn, the ginseng reading, and not the cān of "to consult."

sānqiānniánkāihuāsānqiānniánjiéguǒzàisānqiānniáncáishúduǎntóuwànniánfāngchī sānqiānniánkāihuāsānqiānniánjiéguǒzàisānqiānniáncáishúduǎntóuwànniánfāngchī

Once in three thousand years it flowered, once in three thousand years it set fruit, and only after three thousand more did the fruit ripen — a bare ten thousand years before it could be eaten.

Read the arithmetic slowly, because the novel means it to be absurd: three thousand years to flower, three thousand more to set fruit, three thousand more to ripen. Nine thousand — but the text rounds up to 一萬年, ten thousand, before anyone may eat. 得熟 and 得吃 both take as , "manage to."

zhèwànniánzhǐjiédesānshíguǒzi zhèwànniánzhǐjiédesānshíguǒzi

In all these ten thousand years, it bore but thirty fruits.

Thirty fruits per ten-thousand-year cycle. This number matters more than any other in the chapter, because the whole second half turns on somebody counting them. is the comparative ; 只結得 takes the light de; 果子 ends in the suffix zi.

guǒzideyàngjiùsānzhāowèi滿mǎndexiǎoháixiāngzhīquánguānxiánbèi guǒzideyàngjiùsānzhāowèimǎndexiǎoháixiāngzhīquánguānxiánbèi

The shape of the fruit was just like a child not yet three days born — the four limbs all present, the five features fully formed.

And here is the detail the plot is built on. The fruit is shaped like a newborn — 三朝未滿, not yet three days old, where is zhāo, "morning, day," not the cháo of an imperial court. Four limbs, five features, all present. Every piece of trouble in this chapter follows from that sentence.

rénruòyǒuyuánguǒziwénlewénjiùhuósānbǎiliùshísuìchījiùhuówànqiānnián rénruòyǒuyuánguǒziwénlewénjiùhuósānbǎiliùshísuìchījiùhuówànqiānnián

If a person had the karmic affinity and got such a fruit to smell but once, he would live three hundred and sixty years; eat one, and he would live forty-seven thousand years.

有緣, yǒu yuán — to have the karmic connection, the affinity that makes a thing possible for you and not for someone else. Smell it once: three hundred and sixty years. Eat one: forty-seven thousand. The second figure returns later attached to something else entirely, and the echo is deliberate.


總評 Commentary

The story stops for a briefing. Before the pilgrims arrive anywhere, the narrator tells the reader what is waiting: a mountain called Ten Thousand Long Lives, an abbey called Five Estates, and an immortal named Zhènyuán Zǐ whose byname means "as old as the world." He is not a sky-god and not a buddha; he belongs to a category the pilgrims have not yet run into, and the chapter will keep raising his rank.

His treasure is the ginseng-fruit, also called the Grass-Return Elixir, and its pedigree is extreme even by this novel's standards: it grew at the splitting of Chaos, before Heaven and Earth were separated. The arithmetic is designed to stagger — three thousand years to flower, three thousand to fruit, three thousand to ripen, thirty fruits in ten thousand years, one sniff worth three hundred and sixty years of life and one bite worth forty-seven thousand. Nothing in the chapter will be more valuable than this, and everybody is about to behave very badly about it.

Then comes the sentence the plot is actually built on. The fruit looks exactly like a newborn baby — limbs complete, features complete, not yet three days old. Hold that image. To an immortal it is a marvel; to a squeamish monk with a horror of taking life it is going to look like something else entirely, and the misunderstanding drives everything that follows.