Canonical Classics ← 第二十四回
第二十四回
萬wàn壽shòu山shān大dà仙xiān留liú故gù友yǒu
五wǔ莊zhuāng觀guàn行xíng者zhě竊qiè人rén參shēn

At the Mountain of Ten Thousand Years the Great Immortal Keeps an Old Friend · At the Abbey of the Five Villages Pilgrim Steals the Ginseng-Fruit

望見仙觀
模式 Mode Read Study
拼音 Pinyin Off
字體 Script 繁
原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition 含詞賦 With rhapsody

望見仙觀 A Daoist Abbey in View

卻què說shuō唐táng僧sēng四sì眾zhòng在zài山shān遊yóu玩wán,忽hū擡tái頭tóu,見jiàn那nà松sōng篁huáng一yí簇cù,樓lóu閣gé數shù層céng。唐táng僧sēng道dào:「悟wù空kōng,你nǐ看kàn那nà裡lǐ是shì甚shén麼me去qù處chù?」行xíng者zhě看kàn了le道dào:「那nà所suǒ在zài不bú是shì觀guàn宇yǔ,定dìng是shì寺sì院yuàn。我wǒ們men走zǒu動dòng些xiē,到dào那nà廂xiāng方fāng知zhī端duān的dì。」不bù一yì時shí,來lái於yú門mén首shǒu觀guān看kàn,見jiàn那nà:却què说shuō唐táng僧sēng四sì众zhòng在zài山shān游yóu玩wán,忽hū抬tái头tóu,见jiàn那nà松sōng篁huáng一yí簇cù,楼lóu阁gé数shù层céng。唐táng僧sēng道dào:「悟wù空kōng,你nǐ看kàn那nà里lǐ是shì甚shén么me去qù处chù?」行xíng者zhě看kàn了le道dào:「那nà所suǒ在zài不bú是shì观guàn宇yǔ,定dìng是shì寺sì院yuàn。我wǒ们men走zǒu动dòng些xiē,到dào那nà厢xiāng方fāng知zhī端duān的dì。」不bù一yì时shí,来lái于yú门mén首shǒu观guān看kàn,见jiàn那nà:

松sōng坡pō冷lěng淡dàn,竹zhú徑jìng清qīng幽yōu。松sōng坡pō冷lěng淡dàn,竹zhú径jìng清qīng幽yōu。
往wǎng來lái白bái鶴hè送sòng浮fú雲yún,上shàng下xià猿yuán猴hóu時shí獻xiàn果guǒ。往wǎng来lái白bái鹤hè送sòng浮fú云yún,上shàng下xià猿yuán猴hóu时shí献xiàn果guǒ。
那nà門mén前qián池chí寬kuān樹shù影yǐng長cháng,石shí裂liè苔tái花huā破pò。那nà门mén前qián池chí宽kuān树shù影yǐng长cháng,石shí裂liè苔tái花huā破pò。
宮gōng殿diàn森sēn羅luó紫zǐ極jí高gāo,樓lóu臺tái縹piǎo緲miǎo丹dān霞xiá墮duò。宫gōng殿diàn森sēn罗luó紫zǐ极jí高gāo,楼lóu台tái缥piǎo缈miǎo丹dān霞xiá堕duò。
真zhēn個gè是shì福fú地dì靈líng區qū,蓬péng萊lái雲yún洞dòng。真zhēn个gè是shì福fú地dì灵líng区qū,蓬péng莱lái云yún洞dòng。
清qīng虛xū人rén事shì少shǎo,寂jì靜jìng道dào心xīn生shēng。清qīng虚xū人rén事shì少shǎo,寂jì静jìng道dào心xīn生shēng。
青qīng鳥niǎo每měi傳chuán王wáng母mǔ信xìn,紫zǐ鸞luán常cháng寄jì老lǎo君jūn經jīng。青qīng鸟niǎo每měi传chuán王wáng母mǔ信xìn,紫zǐ鸾luán常cháng寄jì老lǎo君jūn经jīng。
看kàn不bú盡jìn那nà巍wēi巍wēi道dào德dé之zhī風fēng,果guǒ然rán漠mò漠mò神shén仙xiān之zhī宅zhái。看kàn不bú尽jìn那nà巍wēi巍wēi道dào德dé之zhī风fēng,果guǒ然rán漠mò漠mò神shén仙xiān之zhī宅zhái。

逐句解 Line by line

卻què說shuō唐táng僧sēng四sì眾zhòng在zài山shān遊yóu玩wán,忽hū擡tái頭tóu,見jiàn那nà松sōng篁huáng一yí簇cù,樓lóu閣gé數shù層céng。 却què说shuō唐táng僧sēng四sì众zhòng在zài山shān游yóu玩wán,忽hū抬tái头tóu,见jiàn那nà松sōng篁huáng一yí簇cù,楼lóu阁gé数shù层céng。

Now the Tang Monk and his three disciples were roaming the mountain when of a sudden, raising their heads, they saw a cluster of pine and bamboo, and towers rising storey on storey.

Back to the pilgrims, who have been sightseeing while all that was arranged. 四眾, sì zhòng, the party of four. 松篁, sōng huáng, pine and bamboo; 樓閣數層, storeyed towers.

唐táng僧sēng道dào:「悟wù空kōng,你nǐ看kàn那nà裡lǐ是shì甚shén麼me去qù處chù?」 唐táng僧sēng道dào:「悟wù空kōng,你nǐ看kàn那nà里lǐ是shì甚shén么me去qù处chù?」

The Tang Monk said, "Wukong, look — what place is that yonder?"

那裡 here is nà li, the demonstrative — Tripiṭaka is pointing at something he can see. 去處, qù chù, a place.

行xíng者zhě看kàn了le道dào:「那nà所suǒ在zài不bú是shì觀guàn宇yǔ,定dìng是shì寺sì院yuàn。 行xíng者zhě看kàn了le道dào:「那nà所suǒ在zài不bú是shì观guàn宇yǔ,定dìng是shì寺sì院yuàn。

Pilgrim looked and said, "That place — if it is no Daoist abbey, then surely a Buddhist cloister.

Pilgrim hedges: Daoist abbey or Buddhist monastery, one or the other. 觀宇, guàn yǔ, a Daoist temple, with 觀 in its guàn reading; 寺院, sì yuàn, a Buddhist one. The distinction is about to matter a great deal.

我wǒ們men走zǒu動dòng些xiē,到dào那nà廂xiāng方fāng知zhī端duān的dì。」 我wǒ们men走zǒu动dòng些xiē,到dào那nà厢xiāng方fāng知zhī端duān的dì。」

Let us step along; once there, we shall know the truth of it."

那廂, nà xiāng, over there. 端的, duān de, the truth of the matter — a vernacular favourite of this novel.

不bù一yì時shí,來lái於yú門mén首shǒu觀guān看kàn,見jiàn那nà: 不bù一yì时shí,来lái于yú门mén首shǒu观guān看kàn,见jiàn那nà:

In no long while they came before the gate to look, and saw:

Another verse cue, the same shape as the mountain's. 見那 and then a colon: what follows is description, not speech. 門首觀看 takes 觀 as the verb guān — the reading that stands opposite the temple-noun guàn two lines above.

松sōng坡pō冷lěng淡dàn,竹zhú徑jìng清qīng幽yōu。 松sōng坡pō冷lěng淡dàn,竹zhú径jìng清qīng幽yōu。

The pine-slope, cool and still; the bamboo path, pure and secluded.

冷淡, lěng dàn, here means quiet and unfussy rather than unfriendly; 清幽, qīng yōu, secluded and still. The rhapsody starts in a lower key than the mountain's did.

往wǎng來lái白bái鶴hè送sòng浮fú雲yún,上shàng下xià猿yuán猴hóu時shí獻xiàn果guǒ。 往wǎng来lái白bái鹤hè送sòng浮fú云yún,上shàng下xià猿yuán猴hóu时shí献xiàn果guǒ。

White cranes came and went, escorting the drifting clouds; up and down, gibbons now and again presented fruit.

Cranes escorting clouds and gibbons bringing fruit are the standard livestock of an immortal's estate — the animals behave like well-trained staff. 往來, wǎng lái, to and fro; 獻果, xiàn guǒ, to present fruit. Given what the chapter is about, that last phrase is quietly loaded.

那nà門mén前qián池chí寬kuān樹shù影yǐng長cháng,石shí裂liè苔tái花huā破pò。 那nà门mén前qián池chí宽kuān树shù影yǐng长cháng,石shí裂liè苔tái花huā破pò。

Before that gate the pool lay broad, the tree-shadows long; the stones were split, the moss-flowers breaking through.

A note of age in among the splendour: split stone, moss forcing through the cracks. 長 here is cháng, "long," describing the tree-shadows — not the zhǎng of "Elder" that this chapter also uses.

宮gōng殿diàn森sēn羅luó紫zǐ極jí高gāo,樓lóu臺tái縹piǎo緲miǎo丹dān霞xiá墮duò。 宫gōng殿diàn森sēn罗luó紫zǐ极jí高gāo,楼lóu台tái缥piǎo缈miǎo丹dān霞xiá堕duò。

The halls stood ranged in rank on rank, the Purple Pole soaring high; the terraces, dim and remote, where cinnabar cloud came drifting down.

紫極, zǐ jí, the Purple Culmen — the pole-star palace, the highest address in the Daoist heavens. 縹緲, piāo miǎo, faint and remote; 丹霞, dān xiá, cinnabar-coloured cloud.

真zhēn個gè是shì福fú地dì靈líng區qū,蓬péng萊lái雲yún洞dòng。 真zhēn个gè是shì福fú地dì灵líng区qū,蓬péng莱lái云yún洞dòng。

Truly a blessed ground, a numinous domain — a cloud-grotto of Penglai.

福地靈區, blessed ground and numinous domain, both technical terms for consecrated Daoist sites. 蓬萊, Péng lái, the immortals' island — invoked in the mountain rhapsody a few passages back and again here, so the two set-pieces rhyme.

清qīng虛xū人rén事shì少shǎo,寂jì靜jìng道dào心xīn生shēng。 清qīng虚xū人rén事shì少shǎo,寂jì静jìng道dào心xīn生shēng。

In the pure void, the affairs of men grow few; in the stillness, the heart of the Way is born.

The couplet states the theory of the place: fewer human affairs, therefore more stillness; more stillness, therefore the 道心, the mind attuned to the Way, can grow. 清虛, qīng xū, pure emptiness. 少 is shǎo, "few."

青qīng鳥niǎo每měi傳chuán王wáng母mǔ信xìn,紫zǐ鸞luán常cháng寄jì老lǎo君jūn經jīng。 青qīng鸟niǎo每měi传chuán王wáng母mǔ信xìn,紫zǐ鸾luán常cháng寄jì老lǎo君jūn经jīng。

The blue bird ever bore the Queen Mother's letters; the purple simurgh often carried Lord Lao's scriptures.

Two celestial couriers. The 青鳥, blue bird, is the messenger of the Queen Mother of the West and a standing poetic shorthand for a letter from someone you long for; the 紫鸞, purple simurgh, carries Lord Lao's scriptures. The abbey is on the mailing list of both.

看kàn不bú盡jìn那nà巍wēi巍wēi道dào德dé之zhī風fēng,果guǒ然rán漠mò漠mò神shén仙xiān之zhī宅zhái。 看kàn不bú尽jìn那nà巍wēi巍wēi道dào德dé之zhī风fēng,果guǒ然rán漠mò漠mò神shén仙xiān之zhī宅zhái。

Beyond all seeing was that lofty air of the Way and its Power — a boundless, silent dwelling of the immortals indeed.

看不盡, more than the eye can take in — and the 不 shifts to bú before the fourth-tone 盡 (jìn). This phrase recurs three more times in the chapter, each time with the same shift. 道德, the Way and its Power, the title of the Daoist classic; 漠漠, mò mò, vast and silent.


總評 Commentary

The pilgrims sight the abbey, and Pilgrim's guess — Daoist temple or Buddhist monastery, he can't tell which — keeps the two traditions in play right up to the threshold. Then the verse takes over and answers the question decisively: everything in it is Daoist, and Daoist at the highest rank.

The imagery is worth reading as a list of credentials. The Purple Culmen is the pole-star palace. Pénglái is the immortals' island. The blue bird is the Queen Mother of the West's personal messenger; the purple simurgh carries Lord Lao's scriptures. An estate that receives post from both is not a provincial shrine. The closing line names the pervading quality as 道德之風, the air of the Way and its Power — borrowing the title of the Daoist classic to describe the atmosphere of the place.

One phrase in the last line is worth marking because it comes back: 看不盡, more than the eye can take in. It recurs three more times before the chapter is out, always at a moment when somebody is looking at something too large to finish looking at. In each case the 不 shifts from bù to bú, pushed up by the fourth tone of 盡 behind it.