Canonical Classics ← 第二十四回
第二十四回
萬wàn壽shòu山shān大dà仙xiān留liú故gù友yǒu
五wǔ莊zhuāng觀guàn行xíng者zhě竊qiè人rén參shēn

At the Mountain of Ten Thousand Years the Great Immortal Keeps an Old Friend · At the Abbey of the Five Villages Pilgrim Steals the Ginseng-Fruit

獻果遭拒
模式 Mode Read Study
拼音 Pinyin Off
字體 Script 繁
原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

獻果遭拒 The Fruit Offered, and Refused

二èr童tóng別bié了le三sān藏zàng,同tóng到dào房fáng中zhōng,一yí個gè拿ná了le金jīn擊jī子zi,一yí個gè拿ná了le丹dān盤pán,又yòu多duō將jiāng綠lǜ帕pà墊diàn著zhe盤pán底dǐ,徑jìng到dào人rén參shēn園yuán內nèi。那nà清qīng風fēng爬pá上shàng樹shù去qù,使shǐ金jīn擊jī子zi敲qiāo果guǒ。明míng月yuè在zài樹shù下xià,以yǐ丹dān盤pán等děng接jiē。須xū臾yú,敲qiāo下xià兩liǎng個gè果guǒ來lái,接jiē在zài盤pán中zhōng,徑jìng至zhì前qián殿diàn奉fèng獻xiàn道dào:「唐táng師shī父fù,我wǒ五wǔ莊zhuāng觀guàn土tǔ僻pì山shān荒huāng,無wú物wù可kě奉fèng,土tǔ儀yí素sù果guǒ二èr枚méi,權quán為wèi解jiě渴kě。」那nà長zhǎng老lǎo見jiàn了le,戰zhàn戰zhàn兢jīng兢jīng,遠yuǎn離lí三sān尺chǐ道dào:「善shàn哉zāi!善shàn哉zāi!今jīn歲suì倒dào也yě年nián豐fēng時shí稔rěn,怎zěn麼me這zhè觀guàn裡lǐ作zuò荒huāng吃chī人rén?這zhè個gè是shì三sān朝zhāo未wèi滿mǎn的de孩hái童tóng,如rú何hé與yǔ我wǒ解jiě渴kě?」清qīng風fēng暗àn道dào:「這zhè和hé尚shàng在zài那nà口kǒu舌shé場chǎng中zhōng,是shì非fēi海hǎi裡lǐ,弄nòng得de眼yǎn肉ròu胎tāi凡fán,不bù識shí我wǒ仙xiān家jiā異yì寶bǎo。」明míng月yuè上shàng前qián道dào:「老lǎo師shī,此cǐ物wù叫jiào做zuò人rén參shēn果guǒ,吃chī一yí個gè兒er不bù妨fáng。」三sān藏zàng道dào:「胡hú說shuō,胡hú說shuō。他tā那nà父fù母mǔ懷huái胎tāi,不bù知zhī受shòu了le多duō少shǎo苦kǔ楚chǔ,方fāng生shēng下xià來lái。未wèi及jí三sān日rì,怎zěn麼me就jiù把bǎ他tā拿ná來lái當dàng果guǒ子zi?」清qīng風fēng道dào:「實shí是shì樹shù上shàng結jié的de。」長zhǎng老lǎo道dào:「亂luàn談tán,亂luàn談tán。樹shù上shàng又yòu會huì結jié出chū人rén來lái?拿ná過guò去qù,不bú當dàng人rén子zǐ。」二èr童tóng别bié了le三sān藏zàng,同tóng到dào房fáng中zhōng,一yí个gè拿ná了le金jīn击jī子zi,一yí个gè拿ná了le丹dān盘pán,又yòu多duō将jiāng绿lǜ帕pà垫diàn着zhe盘pán底dǐ,径jìng到dào人rén参shēn园yuán内nèi。那nà清qīng风fēng爬pá上shàng树shù去qù,使shǐ金jīn击jī子zi敲qiāo果guǒ。明míng月yuè在zài树shù下xià,以yǐ丹dān盘pán等děng接jiē。须xū臾yú,敲qiāo下xià两liǎng个gè果guǒ来lái,接jiē在zài盘pán中zhōng,径jìng至zhì前qián殿diàn奉fèng献xiàn道dào:「唐táng师shī父fù,我wǒ五wǔ庄zhuāng观guàn土tǔ僻pì山shān荒huāng,无wú物wù可kě奉fèng,土tǔ仪yí素sù果guǒ二èr枚méi,权quán为wèi解jiě渴kě。」那nà长zhǎng老lǎo见jiàn了le,战zhàn战zhàn兢jīng兢jīng,远yuǎn离lí三sān尺chǐ道dào:「善shàn哉zāi!善shàn哉zāi!今jīn岁suì倒dào也yě年nián丰fēng时shí稔rěn,怎zěn么me这zhè观guàn里lǐ作zuò荒huāng吃chī人rén?这zhè个gè是shì三sān朝zhāo未wèi满mǎn的de孩hái童tóng,如rú何hé与yǔ我wǒ解jiě渴kě?」清qīng风fēng暗àn道dào:「这zhè和hé尚shàng在zài那nà口kǒu舌shé场chǎng中zhōng,是shì非fēi海hǎi里lǐ,弄nòng得de眼yǎn肉ròu胎tāi凡fán,不bù识shí我wǒ仙xiān家jiā异yì宝bǎo。」明míng月yuè上shàng前qián道dào:「老lǎo师shī,此cǐ物wù叫jiào做zuò人rén参shēn果guǒ,吃chī一yí个gè儿er不bù妨fáng。」三sān藏zàng道dào:「胡hú说shuō,胡hú说shuō。他tā那nà父fù母mǔ怀huái胎tāi,不bù知zhī受shòu了le多duō少shǎo苦kǔ楚chǔ,方fāng生shēng下xià来lái。未wèi及jí三sān日rì,怎zěn么me就jiù把bǎ他tā拿ná来lái当dàng果guǒ子zi?」清qīng风fēng道dào:「实shí是shì树shù上shàng结jié的de。」长zhǎng老lǎo道dào:「乱luàn谈tán,乱luàn谈tán。树shù上shàng又yòu会huì结jié出chū人rén来lái?拿ná过guò去qù,不bú当dàng人rén子zǐ。」


逐句解 Line by line

二èr童tóng別bié了le三sān藏zàng,同tóng到dào房fáng中zhōng,一yí個gè拿ná了le金jīn擊jī子zi,一yí個gè拿ná了le丹dān盤pán,又yòu多duō將jiāng綠lǜ帕pà墊diàn著zhe盤pán底dǐ,徑jìng到dào人rén參shēn園yuán內nèi。 二èr童tóng别bié了le三sān藏zàng,同tóng到dào房fáng中zhōng,一yí个gè拿ná了le金jīn击jī子zi,一yí个gè拿ná了le丹dān盘pán,又yòu多duō将jiāng绿lǜ帕pà垫diàn着zhe盘pán底dǐ,径jìng到dào人rén参shēn园yuán内nèi。

The two boys took leave of Tripiṭaka and went together to their room, where one took up the golden striker and one the cinnabar tray; and, laying a green cloth over the bottom of the tray besides, they went straight into the ginseng orchard.

The procedure is careful and ritualised, and every element of it will be explained later. The 金擊子, golden striker, is metal because only metal will bring the fruit down. The 丹盤, cinnabar tray, and the green cloth laid over its bottom are there so the fruit touches nothing that would spoil it. None of this is explained yet; the reader simply watches two boys being meticulous.

那nà清qīng風fēng爬pá上shàng樹shù去qù,使shǐ金jīn擊jī子zi敲qiāo果guǒ。 那nà清qīng风fēng爬pá上shàng树shù去qù,使shǐ金jīn击jī子zi敲qiāo果guǒ。

Pure-Wind climbed up the tree and struck the fruit with the golden striker.

敲果, to knock the fruit down. It cannot be picked.

明míng月yuè在zài樹shù下xià,以yǐ丹dān盤pán等děng接jiē。 明míng月yuè在zài树shù下xià,以yǐ丹dān盘pán等děng接jiē。

Bright-Moon, below the tree, waited to catch it in the cinnabar tray.

等接, děng jiē, to wait below and catch. It must not be allowed to fall.

須xū臾yú,敲qiāo下xià兩liǎng個gè果guǒ來lái,接jiē在zài盤pán中zhōng,徑jìng至zhì前qián殿diàn奉fèng獻xiàn道dào:「唐táng師shī父fù,我wǒ五wǔ莊zhuāng觀guàn土tǔ僻pì山shān荒huāng,無wú物wù可kě奉fèng,土tǔ儀yí素sù果guǒ二èr枚méi,權quán為wèi解jiě渴kě。」 须xū臾yú,敲qiāo下xià两liǎng个gè果guǒ来lái,接jiē在zài盘pán中zhōng,径jìng至zhì前qián殿diàn奉fèng献xiàn道dào:「唐táng师shī父fù,我wǒ五wǔ庄zhuāng观guàn土tǔ僻pì山shān荒huāng,无wú物wù可kě奉fèng,土tǔ仪yí素sù果guǒ二èr枚méi,权quán为wèi解jiě渴kě。」

In a moment they had knocked down two fruits, caught them in the tray, and went straight to the front hall to present them: "Master Tang, our Five-Villages Abbey lies in a remote spot amid barren hills, and we have nothing to offer. Here are two plain fruits of the place — accept them, we pray, to relieve your thirst."

The offer is made in the language of rustic modesty — 土僻山荒, a remote spot among barren hills; 土儀素果, plain local produce, nothing special. They are describing the rarest object in the world as though it were windfall apples. 權為解渴 takes 為 as wèi, "for."

那nà長zhǎng老lǎo見jiàn了le,戰zhàn戰zhàn兢jīng兢jīng,遠yuǎn離lí三sān尺chǐ道dào:「善shàn哉zāi! 那nà长zhǎng老lǎo见jiàn了le,战zhàn战zhàn兢jīng兢jīng,远yuǎn离lí三sān尺chǐ道dào:「善shàn哉zāi!

The Elder, at the sight, fell to trembling and shrank back three chǐ: "Mercy!

And the gift lands as an atrocity. He backs away three chǐ — about a metre — and cries 善哉, shàn zāi, a Buddhist ejaculation that means literally "how good!" and functions rather like "God have mercy." 戰戰兢兢, zhàn zhàn jīng jīng, trembling with dread.

善shàn哉zāi! 善shàn哉zāi!

Mercy!

He says it twice. The formula is one of pious approval, and using it in horror is a small piece of comic dissonance.

今jīn歲suì倒dào也yě年nián豐fēng時shí稔rěn,怎zěn麼me這zhè觀guàn裡lǐ作zuò荒huāng吃chī人rén? 今jīn岁suì倒dào也yě年nián丰fēng时shí稔rěn,怎zěn么me这zhè观guàn里lǐ作zuò荒huāng吃chī人rén?

This year the harvest is full and the season ripe — how is it that in this abbey you make a famine and eat people?

His accusation is that they are practising cannibalism, and he frames it as a famine measure — 作荒吃人, to bring on a famine and eat people. His objection is that there is no famine: 年豐時稔, the harvest is full, the season ripe. The logic is that only starvation could excuse this, and they have no such excuse.

這zhè個gè是shì三sān朝zhāo未wèi滿mǎn的de孩hái童tóng,如rú何hé與yǔ我wǒ解jiě渴kě?」 这zhè个gè是shì三sān朝zhāo未wèi满mǎn的de孩hái童tóng,如rú何hé与yǔ我wǒ解jiě渴kě?」

This is an infant not yet three days old — how should it relieve my thirst?"

三朝未滿 again — the same phrase the narrator used to describe the fruit's shape, now repeated back as an accusation. Where the narrator meant "shaped like a newborn," Tripiṭaka has heard "is a newborn."

清qīng風fēng暗àn道dào:「這zhè和hé尚shàng在zài那nà口kǒu舌shé場chǎng中zhōng,是shì非fēi海hǎi裡lǐ,弄nòng得de眼yǎn肉ròu胎tāi凡fán,不bù識shí我wǒ仙xiān家jiā異yì寶bǎo。」 清qīng风fēng暗àn道dào:「这zhè和hé尚shàng在zài那nà口kǒu舌shé场chǎng中zhōng,是shì非fēi海hǎi里lǐ,弄nòng得de眼yǎn肉ròu胎tāi凡fán,不bù识shí我wǒ仙xiān家jiā异yì宝bǎo。」

Pure-Wind said to himself: "This monk, from dwelling in the arena of tongues and the sea of right-and-wrong, has grown fleshly of eye and mortal of frame, and cannot know our immortal household's rare treasure."

Pure-Wind's private verdict is the mirror image of the monk's. 口舌場 and 是非海 — the arena of wagging tongues, the sea of right-and-wrong — are Buddhist figures for the mortal world of disputation, and he is using them to explain why a mortal cannot recognise an immortal treasure. 眼肉胎凡, eyes of flesh, born of the womb. Each side thinks the other cannot see what is in front of it, and each is right. 弄得 takes the light de.

明míng月yuè上shàng前qián道dào:「老lǎo師shī,此cǐ物wù叫jiào做zuò人rén參shēn果guǒ,吃chī一yí個gè兒er不bù妨fáng。」 明míng月yuè上shàng前qián道dào:「老lǎo师shī,此cǐ物wù叫jiào做zuò人rén参shēn果guǒ,吃chī一yí个gè儿er不bù妨fáng。」

Bright-Moon stepped up: "Master, this thing is called the ginseng-fruit; there is no harm in eating one."

Bright-Moon tries the direct approach: it has a name, it is food, one will not hurt you.

三sān藏zàng道dào:「胡hú說shuō,胡hú說shuō。 三sān藏zàng道dào:「胡hú说shuō,胡hú说shuō。

Tripiṭaka said, "Nonsense, nonsense!

胡說, hú shuō, nonsense — said twice, as everything Tripiṭaka says in horror is said twice.

他tā那nà父fù母mǔ懷huái胎tāi,不bù知zhī受shòu了le多duō少shǎo苦kǔ楚chǔ,方fāng生shēng下xià來lái。 他tā那nà父fù母mǔ怀huái胎tāi,不bù知zhī受shòu了le多duō少shǎo苦kǔ楚chǔ,方fāng生shēng下xià来lái。

Its father and mother, carrying it in the womb, suffered who knows what pains before ever it was born.

And here is the real objection, which is not squeamishness but compassion. He is thinking about the mother. 懷胎, to carry in the womb; 受了多少苦楚, endured who knows how much suffering. It is an entirely characteristic thought, and it makes him impossible to argue with.

未wèi及jí三sān日rì,怎zěn麼me就jiù把bǎ他tā拿ná來lái當dàng果guǒ子zi?」 未wèi及jí三sān日rì,怎zěn么me就jiù把bǎ他tā拿ná来lái当dàng果guǒ子zi?」

Not yet three days old — and how can you take it and treat it as a fruit?"

當果子 takes 當 as dàng, "to treat as, reckon as" — not the dāng of "ought." Hold that reading; it is about to be punned on.

清qīng風fēng道dào:「實shí是shì樹shù上shàng結jié的de。」 清qīng风fēng道dào:「实shí是shì树shù上shàng结jié的de。」

Pure-Wind said, "It truly grew upon a tree."

And here is the ruling on 結. In the fruit-bearing sense it is jiē — the reading of 結果 "to bear fruit," as against jié, "a knot; a result." The chapter supplies its own minimal pair: 頂結丫髻 and 龍頭結, in the boy-adepts' portrait, are knots and take jié; every 結 on this tree takes jiē. Read 三千年一結果 with jié and it says "once in three thousand years, a result."

長zhǎng老lǎo道dào:「亂luàn談tán,亂luàn談tán。 长zhǎng老lǎo道dào:「乱luàn谈tán,乱luàn谈tán。

The Elder said, "Wild talk, wild talk!

亂談, luàn tán, wild talk — doubled, like the 胡說 before it.

樹shù上shàng又yòu會huì結jié出chū人rén來lái? 树shù上shàng又yòu会huì结jié出chū人rén来lái?

How could a tree bear a human being?

His counter-argument is unanswerable on its own terms: trees do not produce people. He is right about botany and wrong about everything else.

拿ná過guò去qù,不bú當dàng人rén子zǐ。」 拿ná过guò去qù,不bú当dàng人rén子zǐ。」

Take it away — it is no fit way to treat a child of man."

And the pun lands. 不當人子 is the phrase Bājiè swore as a self-curse at the chapter's opening, where it meant "not fit to be counted human." Here the same four characters mean "this is no way to treat a human child" — 不當 as "improper," with 當 still dàng and 不 rising to bú before it. One phrase, two mouths, two meanings, and both of them about what counts as a person.


總評 Commentary

The offering is made with full ceremony — the golden striker, the cinnabar tray, the green cloth laid under the fruit — and presented in the language of rustic apology: a poor remote place, nothing worth offering, just two plain local fruits to take the edge off your thirst. They are describing the rarest object in the world as though it were windfall apples.

And Tripiṭaka recoils as from a murder. He backs away three chǐ, cries "mercy!" twice, and accuses the abbey of famine cannibalism. What makes the scene more than farce is the shape of his objection: he is not squeamish, he is thinking about the mother. Its father and mother carried it in the womb and suffered who knows what pains before ever it was born — and you have picked it off a branch and put it on a tray. It is a thought nobody else in the book would have, and it makes him impossible to argue with, because he is not wrong about anything except the facts.

Pure-Wind's private verdict is the exact mirror: the monk has spent too long in the sea of worldly disputes, has grown fleshly-eyed and mortal-born, and cannot recognise an immortal treasure when it is handed to him. Both sides believe the other is blind, and both are correct. The scene ends on a pun that quietly ties the chapter together — 不當人子, the self-curse Bājiè swore in the opening passage meaning "not fit to be counted human," comes back in Tripiṭaka's mouth meaning "this is no way to treat a human child." And the refusal seals the plot, because the two fruits now go back untouched, to be eaten in private, within earshot of the one appetite in the party that will not scruple.