Canonical Classics ← 第七十八回
第七十八回
qiūliánziqiǎnyīnshén
jīn殿diànshítándào

In Bhikshu He Pities the Children and Sends Out the Shade-Spirits · In the Golden Hall He Knows the Fiend and Discourses on the Way and Its Power

別人棺材
模式 Mode Read Study
拼音 Pinyin Off
字體 Script
原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

別人棺材 Weeping Over Another Mans Coffin

jièjìnqiándào:「shīshìzěndelizhuānbiérénguāncáitáizàijiājiāyàofánnǎochángyándào:『jūnjiàochénchénzhōngjiàoziwángziwángxiào。』jièjìnqiándào:「shīshìzěndelizhuānbiérénguāncáitáizàijiājiāyàofánnǎochángyándào:『jūnjiàochénchénzhōngjiàoziwángziwángxiào。』


逐句解 Line by line

jièjìnqiándào:「shīshìzěndeli jièjìnqiándào:「shīshìzěndeli

Bajie came up and said, "Master, what has come over you?

怎的起哩 is colloquial and faintly exasperated — what has got into you.

zhuānbiérénguāncáitáizàijiājiā zhuānbiérénguāncáitáizàijiājiā

"Always hauling other people's coffins into your own house to weep over.

One of the best lines Bajie is ever given, and it is a proverb: to carry another man's coffin home and cry over it, meaning to take on grief that is not yours. tái is to lift and carry between people, which is exactly what you do with a coffin.

yàofánnǎo yàofánnǎo

"Do not distress yourself.

Four characters of comfort, and everything after them undoes it.

chángyándào:『jūnjiàochénchénzhōngjiàoziwángziwángxiào。』 chángyándào:『jūnjiàochénchénzhōngjiàoziwángziwángxiào。』

"As the old saying goes: if a lord bids his subject die, the subject who does not die is disloyal; if a father bids his son perish, the son who does not perish is unfilial."

The two halves are built on one frame, which is why they are set here as a single sentence. The saying is a hardened popular version of the loyalty and filial duty that Confucian teaching actually argued about at length — the classics themselves insist that a subject must remonstrate with a wicked ruler. Bajie is quoting the bumper-sticker form, and using it to justify doing nothing.


總評 Commentary

Bajie is not being wicked here, he is being ordinary, and that is what makes the passage uncomfortable. Everything he says is a thing people say: it is not your country, you cannot help, do not upset yourself, the ruler has the right.

The proverb about the coffin is genuinely funny and genuinely brutal. It exists because taking on other people's grief is a recognisable human failing, and the chapter has arranged for it to be aimed at the one character who has responded to eleven hundred and eleven condemned children by crying.

The quotation that follows is the argument beneath the joke, and it is worth knowing that it is a corruption. The Confucian tradition holds that a minister who watches his lord do wrong in silence has failed in his duty. Bajie has reached for the version that lets everyone off.