Canonical Classics ← 第七十四回
第七十四回
長cháng庚gēng傳chuán報bào魔mó頭tóu狠hěn
行xíng者zhě施shī為wéi變biàn化huà能néng

Long Geng Brings Word of a Fierce Demon Chief · Pilgrim Works His Powers of Transformation

渡船人
模式 Mode Read Study
拼音 Pinyin Off
字體 Script 繁
原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

渡船人 There Is Always A Ferryman

行xíng者zhě笑xiào道dào:「師shī父fù說shuō那nǎ裡lǐ話huà,自zì古gǔ道dào:『山shān高gāo自zì有yǒu客kè行xíng路lù,水shuǐ深shēn自zì有yǒu渡dù船chuán人rén。』豈qǐ無wú通tōng達dá之zhī理lǐ?可kě放fàng心xīn前qián去qù。」長zhǎng老lǎo聞wén言yán,喜xǐ笑xiào花huā生shēng,揚yáng鞭biān策cè馬mǎ而ér進jìn,徑jìng上shàng高gāo岩yán。行xíng者zhě笑xiào道dào:「师shī父fù说shuō那nǎ里lǐ话huà,自zì古gǔ道dào:『山shān高gāo自zì有yǒu客kè行xíng路lù,水shuǐ深shēn自zì有yǒu渡dù船chuán人rén。』岂qǐ无wú通tōng达dá之zhī理lǐ?可kě放fàng心xīn前qián去qù。」长zhǎng老lǎo闻wén言yán,喜xǐ笑xiào花huā生shēng,扬yáng鞭biān策cè马mǎ而ér进jìn,径jìng上shàng高gāo岩yán。


逐句解 Line by line

行xíng者zhě笑xiào道dào:「師shī父fù說shuō那nǎ裡lǐ話huà,自zì古gǔ道dào:『山shān高gāo自zì有yǒu客kè行xíng路lù,水shuǐ深shēn自zì有yǒu渡dù船chuán人rén。』 行xíng者zhě笑xiào道dào:「师shī父fù说shuō那nǎ里lǐ话huà,自zì古gǔ道dào:『山shān高gāo自zì有yǒu客kè行xíng路lù,水shuǐ深shēn自zì有yǒu渡dù船chuán人rén。』

Pilgrim laughed. "Master, what a thing to say. The old saying has it: however high the mountain, a traveller's road runs over it; however deep the water, a ferryman is there to take you across."

Here is the proverb, and it is still in use: 山高自有客行路, 水深自有渡船人 — however high the mountain there is a traveller's road over it, however deep the water there is a ferryman to cross it. English reaches for where there is a will there is a way, but the Chinese is not about will at all. It is about precedent: somebody has been here before you and has already worked out the crossing. 那 is nǎ, the interrogative, so 說那裡話 runs literally as where does such talk come from — what a thing to say.

豈qǐ無wú通tōng達dá之zhī理lǐ?可kě放fàng心xīn前qián去qù。」 岂qǐ无wú通tōng达dá之zhī理lǐ?可kě放fàng心xīn前qián去qù。」

"How could there be no way through? Set your mind at rest and ride on."

豈 is the rhetorical how could, a word that already contains its own answer of no. 通達 is to get through, and it has survived into modern Chinese meaning both a road that connects and a person who is reasonable and worldly-wise. Pilgrim is leaning on both senses at once: of course the mountain has a road, and of course you are being silly.

長zhǎng老lǎo聞wén言yán,喜xǐ笑xiào花huā生shēng,揚yáng鞭biān策cè馬mǎ而ér進jìn,徑jìng上shàng高gāo岩yán。 长zhǎng老lǎo闻wén言yán,喜xǐ笑xiào花huā生shēng,扬yáng鞭biān策cè马mǎ而ér进jìn,径jìng上shàng高gāo岩yán。

At these words the elder broke into smiles, shook out the whip, urged the horse forward, and rode straight up onto the high crag.

喜笑花生 will stop a modern reader, because 花生 on its own is the everyday word for peanut. Here the two characters are doing their literal work — 花 flowers, 生 grow — and joy and laughter come into bloom on the old monk's face. 揚鞭策馬, raise the whip and spur the horse, is a set four-character pairing, and its briskness is the point. A few lines back he was frightened. Now 徑, straight, he is riding at the crag.


總評 Commentary

Pilgrim's answer is not a plan and not a reassurance about demons. It is a proverb, and the proverb does the whole job. Mountains have roads because travellers have crossed them; rivers have ferrymen because people needed to get over. The world is already equipped for anyone willing to go.

That is a very characteristic move for this novel, which is far more interested in nerve than in strategy. The monkey does not tell his master the mountain is safe, because it is not. He tells him the mountain is passable, which is a different claim and the only one he actually needs.

It works, and it works instantly. The elder goes from fear to smiles inside a single sentence, and the chapter gets him up the crag before he has time to reconsider. That speed is deliberate: the reader is being hurried past the reassurance, because the reassurance is about to be contradicted.