Canonical Classics ← 第二十九回
第二十九回
tuōnànjiāngliúláiguó
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Freed from Ordeal, River-Float Comes to the Kingdom's Land · Receiving Grace, Eight Rules Turns to the Mountain Forest

南柯誓願
模式 Mode Read Study
拼音 Pinyin Off
字體 Script
原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

南柯誓願 The Fabricated Dream

gōngzhǔdào:「lángjūnacáishíshuìzàiluówéizhīnèimènghúnzhōngjiànjīnjiǎshénrén。」yāodào:「jīnjiǎshénshàngménzěnde?」gōngzhǔdào:「shìyòushízàigōngnèiduìrénànxiàzhuāngxīnyuànruòzhāoxiánlángshàngmíngshānbàixiānzhāisēngshīcóngpèilemenhuānhuìdàojīncéngjīnjiǎshénrénláitǎoshìyuànxǐngláiquèshìnánmèngyīnzhěngróngláilángjūnchùzhīzhuāngshàngbǎngzhesēngrénwànwànglángjūnmǐnkànráoleshàngzhǐdāngzhāisēnghuányuànzhīlángjūnkěnfǒu?」guàidào:「húnjiāquèduōxīnshénmejǐnzhīshìyàochīrénlāochīchīzhèshàngdàodefàng。」gōngzhǔdào:「lángjūnacáishíshuìzàiluówéizhīnèimènghúnzhōngjiànjīnjiǎshénrén。」yāodào:「jīnjiǎshénshàngménzěnde?」gōngzhǔdào:「shìyòushízàigōngnèiduìrénànxiàzhuāngxīnyuànruòzhāoxiánlángshàngmíngshānbàixiānzhāisēngshīcóngpèilemenhuānhuìdàojīncéngjīnjiǎshénrénláitǎoshìyuànxǐngláiquèshìnánmèngyīnzhěngróngláilángjūnchùzhīzhuāngshàngbǎngzhesēngrénwànwànglángjūnmǐnkànráoleshàngzhǐdāngzhāisēnghuányuànzhīlángjūnkěnfǒu?」guàidào:「húnjiāquèduōxīnshénmejǐnzhīshìyàochīrénlāochīchīzhèshàngdàodefàng。」


逐句解 Line by line

gōngzhǔdào:「lángjūnacáishíshuìzàiluówéizhīnèimènghúnzhōngjiànjīnjiǎshénrén。」 gōngzhǔdào:「lángjūnacáishíshuìzàiluówéizhīnèimènghúnzhōngjiànjīnjiǎshénrén。」

Said the princess, 'My lord — just now, as I slept within the gauze bed-curtains, in the very soul of my dream, I suddenly beheld a spirit in golden armor.'

She opens with a dream, and every word of it is invented. 才時 is "just now," 羅幃 the gauze bed-curtains, 夢魂中 ( = zhōng) "deep in the dream." The 金甲神人, the "golden-armoured divine man," is her own creation — and a shrewd one, because a god in armour is the sort of visitor a demon takes seriously. 郎君 is a wife's affectionate form of address.

yāodào:「jīnjiǎshénshàngménzěnde?」 yāodào:「jīnjiǎshénshàngménzěnde?」

Said the fiend, 'That golden-armored god? What did it come to my door for?'

He takes the bait in one line. His 那個 is the pointing-back — "that one you mention" — and the question is entirely without suspicion. His curiosity is the opening her stratagem needs.

gōngzhǔdào:「shìyòushízàigōngnèiduìrénànxiàzhuāngxīnyuànruòzhāoxiánlángshàngmíngshānbàixiānzhāisēngshīcóngpèilemenhuānhuìdàojīncéngjīnjiǎshénrénláitǎoshìyuànxǐngláiquèshìnánmèngyīnzhěngróngláilángjūnchùzhīzhuāngshàngbǎngzhesēngrénwànwànglángjūnmǐnkànráoleshàngzhǐdāngzhāisēnghuányuànzhīlángjūnkěnfǒu?」 gōngzhǔdào:「shìyòushízàigōngnèiduìrénànxiàzhuāngxīnyuànruòzhāoxiánlángshàngmíngshānbàixiānzhāisēngshīcóngpèilemenhuānhuìdàojīncéngjīnjiǎshénrénláitǎoshìyuànxǐngláiquèshìnánmèngyīnzhěngróngláilángjūnchùzhīzhuāngshàngbǎngzhesēngrénwànwànglángjūnmǐnkànráoleshàngzhǐdāngzhāisēnghuányuànzhīlángjūnkěnfǒu?」

Said the princess, 'When I was a girl in the palace, I secretly vowed a vow before another: that should I win a worthy husband and consort, I would go up to the famous mountains, do reverence at the abbeys of the immortals, and feast the monks and give alms. Since I was matched with you, in the pleasures of our union, I have never once spoken of it to this day. That golden-armored spirit came to demand the vow of me, and startled me awake with a shout — and it was but a Dream of the Southern Bough. And so I hastened, my dress scarce ordered, to my lord's chamber to tell of it — little thinking that a monk stood bound there at the post. I beg my lord's compassion: for the sake of my poor good will, spare that monk, and let it stand for the feasting of monks and the redeeming of my vow. Does my lord consent, or no?'

Here is the con, and it is beautifully built. The move is not "please spare this stranger" — that would invite a shrug — but "your household owes Heaven a debt, and here is a cheap way to clear it." The vocabulary is all vows: 許下, to make a vow; 討誓願, to come demanding it; 還願, to redeem it, with read huán. 若得招 takes as , "get to win"; 賢郎駙馬 is "a worthy husband, an imperial son-in-law." Note where she says the vow was made: 對人暗許下, spoken to another person and kept quiet — which is exactly what a made-up vow needs, old enough to predate the marriage, witnessed enough that a god could come and collect on it, private enough that her husband has never heard of it. She seals that with 到今不曾題起, and has not mentioned it since. Then she reaches for a literary stamp of authority: 南柯一夢, the Dream of the Southern Bough, is one of the best-known idioms in the language, from a Tang story in which Chúnyú Fén dozes off and lives a whole glittering career inside an anthill. It still means today what it meant then — a splendid dream that turns out to be nothing — and quoting it lets her both vouch for the vision and disown it in the same breath. 薄意 ( = ) is "my slight good will," a polite way of belittling one's own request. And note where the monk has gone in all this: he has stopped being a person and become a religious expense.

guàidào:「húnjiāquèduōxīnshénmejǐnzhīshìyàochīrénlāochīchīzhèshàngdàodefàng。」 guàidào:「húnjiāquèduōxīnshénmejǐnzhīshìyàochīrénlāochīchīzhèshàngdàodefàng。」

Said the fiend, 'Wife, you are making too much of it — what pressing matter is this? If I want to eat men, where could I not scoop up a few to eat? What does this one monk amount to? Let him go, then.'

And the con proves unnecessary. 多心 is "to fret needlessly, to read too much into things." Both 那裡 here are rhetorical , "where" in the sense of "anywhere" — 那裡不撈幾個, where could I not scoop up a few, and 到得那裡, what does he amount to, with the structural de. He lets the monk go out of sheer plenty. He is not merciful; he is full.


總評 Commentary

The fabricated dream is a small masterpiece of strategic piety. The princess invents a girlhood vow — famous mountains, immortals' shrines, monks fed and alms given — left unfulfilled since her marriage, and a golden-armoured spirit who has come in the night to call the debt in. The whole apparatus exists so that mercy toward a bound stranger can be presented not as sympathy for him but as the settling of her own household's overdue account with Heaven. She even supplies a literary warrant, filing the vision under 南柯一夢, which conveniently both authenticates it and writes it off.

The irony the passage then delivers is that her artistry was wasted. The ogre agrees, but not for any of the reasons she so carefully manufactured: he waves the whole petition away out of surfeit — if he wants to eat people he can grab them anywhere, and one monk is beneath his notice. Appetite saves Tripitaka, not piety. The monster's very grossness does the work her delicate fiction was built to do, and the novel gets to let the rescue succeed while puncturing the pretence dressed around it.