Canonical Classics ← 第二十九回
第二十九回
脫tuō難nàn江jiāng流liú來lái國guó土tǔ
承chéng恩ēn八bā戒jiè轉zhuǎn山shān林lín

Freed from Ordeal, River-Float Comes to the Kingdom's Land · Receiving Grace, Eight Rules Turns to the Mountain Forest

老豬會降
模式 Mode Read Study
拼音 Pinyin Off
字體 Script 繁
原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

老豬會降 Eight Rules Volunteers

那nà國guó王wáng見jiàn他tā醜chǒu陋lòu,已yǐ是shì心xīn驚jīng。及jí聽tīng得dé那nà獃dāi子zi說shuō出chū話huà來lái,越yuè發fā膽dǎn顫chàn,就jiù坐zuò不bù穩wěn,跌diē下xià龍lóng床chuáng。幸xìng有yǒu近jìn侍shì官guān員yuán扶fú起qǐ。慌huāng得de個gè唐táng僧sēng跪guì在zài殿diàn前qián,不bú住zhù的de叩kòu頭tóu道dào:「陛bì下xià,貧pín僧sēng該gāi萬wàn死sǐ,萬wàn死sǐ。我wǒ說shuō徒tú弟dì醜chǒu陋lòu,不bù敢gǎn朝cháo見jiàn,恐kǒng傷shāng龍lóng體tǐ,果guǒ然rán驚jīng了le駕jià也yě。」那nà國guó王wáng戰zhàn兢jīng兢jīng走zǒu近jìn前qián,攙chān起qǐ道dào:「長zhǎng老lǎo,還hái虧kuī你nǐ先xiān說shuō過guò了le;若ruò未wèi說shuō,猛měng然rán見jiàn他tā,寡guǎ人rén一yí定dìng諕xià殺shā了le也yě。」國guó王wáng定dìng性xìng多duō時shí,便biàn問wèn:「豬zhū長zhǎng老lǎo、沙shā長zhǎng老lǎo,是shì那nǎ一yí位wèi善shàn於yú降xiáng妖yāo?」那nà獃dāi子zi不bù知zhī好hǎo歹dǎi,答dá道dào:「老lǎo豬zhū會huì降xiáng。」國guó王wáng道dào:「怎zěn麼me家jiā降xiáng?」八bā戒jiè道dào:「我wǒ乃nǎi是shì天tiān蓬péng元yuán帥shuài,只zhǐ因yīn罪zuì犯fàn天tiān條tiáo,墮duò落luò下xià世shì,幸xìng今jīn皈guī正zhèng為wéi僧sēng。自zì從cóng東dōng土tǔ來lái此cǐ,第dì一yí會huì降xiáng妖yāo的de是shì我wǒ。」國guó王wáng道dào:「既jì是shì天tiān將jiàng臨lín凡fán,必bì然rán善shàn能néng變biàn化huà。」八bā戒jiè道dào:「不bù敢gǎn,不bù敢gǎn,也yě將jiāng就jiù曉xiǎo得dé幾jǐ個gè變biàn化huà兒er。」國guó王wáng道dào:「你nǐ試shì變biàn一yí個gè我wǒ看kàn看kàn。」八bā戒jiè道dào:「請qǐng出chū題tí目mù,照zhào依yī樣yàng子zi好hǎo變biàn。」國guó王wáng道dào:「變biàn一yí個gè大dà的de罷bà。」那nà国guó王wáng见jiàn他tā丑chǒu陋lòu,已yǐ是shì心xīn惊jīng。及jí听tīng得dé那nà呆dāi子zi说shuō出chū话huà来lái,越yuè发fā胆dǎn颤chàn,就jiù坐zuò不bù稳wěn,跌diē下xià龙lóng床chuáng。幸xìng有yǒu近jìn侍shì官guān员yuán扶fú起qǐ。慌huāng得de个gè唐táng僧sēng跪guì在zài殿diàn前qián,不bú住zhù的de叩kòu头tóu道dào:「陛bì下xià,贫pín僧sēng该gāi万wàn死sǐ,万wàn死sǐ。我wǒ说shuō徒tú弟dì丑chǒu陋lòu,不bù敢gǎn朝cháo见jiàn,恐kǒng伤shāng龙lóng体tǐ,果guǒ然rán惊jīng了le驾jià也yě。」那nà国guó王wáng战zhàn兢jīng兢jīng走zǒu近jìn前qián,搀chān起qǐ道dào:「长zhǎng老lǎo,还hái亏kuī你nǐ先xiān说shuō过guò了le;若ruò未wèi说shuō,猛měng然rán见jiàn他tā,寡guǎ人rén一yí定dìng諕xià杀shā了le也yě。」国guó王wáng定dìng性xìng多duō时shí,便biàn问wèn:「猪zhū长zhǎng老lǎo、沙shā长zhǎng老lǎo,是shì那nǎ一yí位wèi善shàn于yú降xiáng妖yāo?」那nà呆dāi子zi不bù知zhī好hǎo歹dǎi,答dá道dào:「老lǎo猪zhū会huì降xiáng。」国guó王wáng道dào:「怎zěn么me家jiā降xiáng?」八bā戒jiè道dào:「我wǒ乃nǎi是shì天tiān蓬péng元yuán帅shuài,只zhǐ因yīn罪zuì犯fàn天tiān条tiáo,堕duò落luò下xià世shì,幸xìng今jīn皈guī正zhèng为wéi僧sēng。自zì从cóng东dōng土tǔ来lái此cǐ,第dì一yí会huì降xiáng妖yāo的de是shì我wǒ。」国guó王wáng道dào:「既jì是shì天tiān将jiàng临lín凡fán,必bì然rán善shàn能néng变biàn化huà。」八bā戒jiè道dào:「不bù敢gǎn,不bù敢gǎn,也yě将jiāng就jiù晓xiǎo得dé几jǐ个gè变biàn化huà儿er。」国guó王wáng道dào:「你nǐ试shì变biàn一yí个gè我wǒ看kàn看kàn。」八bā戒jiè道dào:「请qǐng出chū题tí目mù,照zhào依yī样yàng子zi好hǎo变biàn。」国guó王wáng道dào:「变biàn一yí个gè大dà的de罢bà。」


逐句解 Line by line

那nà國guó王wáng見jiàn他tā醜chǒu陋lòu,已yǐ是shì心xīn驚jīng。及jí聽tīng得dé那nà獃dāi子zi說shuō出chū話huà來lái,越yuè發fā膽dǎn顫chàn,就jiù坐zuò不bù穩wěn,跌diē下xià龍lóng床chuáng。幸xìng有yǒu近jìn侍shì官guān員yuán扶fú起qǐ。 那nà国guó王wáng见jiàn他tā丑chǒu陋lòu,已yǐ是shì心xīn惊jīng。及jí听tīng得dé那nà呆dāi子zi说shuō出chū话huà来lái,越yuè发fā胆dǎn颤chàn,就jiù坐zuò不bù稳wěn,跌diē下xià龙lóng床chuáng。幸xìng有yǒu近jìn侍shì官guān员yuán扶fú起qǐ。

The king, seeing how hideous they were, was already frightened at heart; and when he heard the blockhead speak out, he trembled the more, could not keep his seat, and tumbled down from the dragon-couch. Happily the attendant officers were at hand to raise him up.

And down he goes. 心驚 is startled at heart; 及聽得 (得 = de) is "and when he heard"; 膽顫 is "gall trembling," the Chinese seat of courage giving way. 跌下龍床 — fell off the dragon-couch — is the literal collapse of the man who asked, three scenes ago, whether he was to be afraid of two monks.

慌huāng得de個gè唐táng僧sēng跪guì在zài殿diàn前qián,不bú住zhù的de叩kòu頭tóu道dào:「陛bì下xià,貧pín僧sēng該gāi萬wàn死sǐ,萬wàn死sǐ。我wǒ說shuō徒tú弟dì醜chǒu陋lòu,不bù敢gǎn朝cháo見jiàn,恐kǒng傷shāng龍lóng體tǐ,果guǒ然rán驚jīng了le駕jià也yě。」 慌huāng得de个gè唐táng僧sēng跪guì在zài殿diàn前qián,不bú住zhù的de叩kòu头tóu道dào:「陛bì下xià,贫pín僧sēng该gāi万wàn死sǐ,万wàn死sǐ。我wǒ说shuō徒tú弟dì丑chǒu陋lòu,不bù敢gǎn朝cháo见jiàn,恐kǒng伤shāng龙lóng体tǐ,果guǒ然rán惊jīng了le驾jià也yě。」

So flustered was Tripitaka that he knelt before the hall and, kowtowing without cease, said, 'Your Majesty, this humble monk deserves ten thousand deaths, ten thousand deaths! I said that my disciples were ugly and dared not have audience, for fear of harming the dragon-person — and indeed I have startled Your Majesty.'

慌得 (得 = de) is "so flustered that"; 不住的叩頭 is kowtowing without pause; 該萬死, "deserving ten thousand deaths," is the strongest formula of self-reproach available and is here applied to a social mishap. 朝見 (朝 = cháo) is to have audience. Tripitaka is doing the apologising his disciples will never think to do.

那nà國guó王wáng戰zhàn兢jīng兢jīng走zǒu近jìn前qián,攙chān起qǐ道dào:「長zhǎng老lǎo,還hái虧kuī你nǐ先xiān說shuō過guò了le;若ruò未wèi說shuō,猛měng然rán見jiàn他tā,寡guǎ人rén一yí定dìng諕xià殺shā了le也yě。」 那nà国guó王wáng战zhàn兢jīng兢jīng走zǒu近jìn前qián,搀chān起qǐ道dào:「长zhǎng老lǎo,还hái亏kuī你nǐ先xiān说shuō过guò了le;若ruò未wèi说shuō,猛měng然rán见jiàn他tā,寡guǎ人rén一yí定dìng諕xià杀shā了le也yě。」

Trembling, the king came forward and, helping him up, said, 'Elder, it is thanks to you that you spoke of it beforehand; had you not, I should surely have been frightened to death at the sudden sight of them.'

戰兢兢 is trembling all over; 還虧 (還 = hái) is "it is lucky that." 諕殺 — 諕 is xià, a borrowed character standing in for the usual 嚇, "to frighten" — is "frightened to death." His gratitude for the advance warning turns the terror into something closer to embarrassment, which is the kindest thing the scene could do to him.

國guó王wáng定dìng性xìng多duō時shí,便biàn問wèn:「豬zhū長zhǎng老lǎo、沙shā長zhǎng老lǎo,是shì那nǎ一yí位wèi善shàn於yú降xiáng妖yāo?」 国guó王wáng定dìng性xìng多duō时shí,便biàn问wèn:「猪zhū长zhǎng老lǎo、沙shā长zhǎng老lǎo,是shì那nǎ一yí位wèi善shàn于yú降xiáng妖yāo?」

When the king had settled his nerves a good while, he asked, 'Elder Zhu, Elder Sha — which of you is skilled at subduing demons?'

定性多時 is "having steadied his nerves for a good while." 那一位 takes 那 as the interrogative nǎ, "which of you"; 善於降妖 (降 = xiáng) is "skilled at subduing demons." He calls them both 長老 (長 = zhǎng), Elder — courteous to the last, from the floor.

那nà獃dāi子zi不bù知zhī好hǎo歹dǎi,答dá道dào:「老lǎo豬zhū會huì降xiáng。」國guó王wáng道dào:「怎zěn麼me家jiā降xiáng?」 那nà呆dāi子zi不bù知zhī好hǎo歹dǎi,答dá道dào:「老lǎo猪zhū会huì降xiáng。」国guó王wáng道dào:「怎zěn么me家jiā降xiáng?」

The blockhead, with no sense of the fitness of things, answered, 'Old Zhu can subdue them.' Said the king, 'And how do you subdue them?'

不知好歹 — literally "not knowing good from bad," and still the everyday Chinese for someone with no sense of what the situation calls for — is the narrator's verdict before Eight Rules has even spoken. 老豬, "Old Zhu," is what he calls himself, with the affectionate self-importance of a man referring to himself in the third person. 會降 (降 = xiáng) is "can subdue"; the 家 in 怎麼家降 is a vernacular intensifier, giving the king's question the flavour of "and how exactly do you do that?"

八bā戒jiè道dào:「我wǒ乃nǎi是shì天tiān蓬péng元yuán帥shuài,只zhǐ因yīn罪zuì犯fàn天tiān條tiáo,墮duò落luò下xià世shì,幸xìng今jīn皈guī正zhèng為wéi僧sēng。自zì從cóng東dōng土tǔ來lái此cǐ,第dì一yí會huì降xiáng妖yāo的de是shì我wǒ。」 八bā戒jiè道dào:「我wǒ乃nǎi是shì天tiān蓬péng元yuán帅shuài,只zhǐ因yīn罪zuì犯fàn天tiān条tiáo,堕duò落luò下xià世shì,幸xìng今jīn皈guī正zhèng为wéi僧sēng。自zì从cóng东dōng土tǔ来lái此cǐ,第dì一yí会huì降xiáng妖yāo的de是shì我wǒ。」

Said Eight Rules, 'I am none other than Marshal Tianpeng. Only because I broke the laws of Heaven was I cast down into the world below; and happily I have now returned to the right and become a monk. Since we came here from the Eastern Land, the number-one subduer of demons has been myself.'

The credentials are real, which is what makes the boast so annoying. 天蓬元帥, Marshal Tianpeng, was his rank as commander of the celestial river-host before he was thrown out of heaven; 罪犯天條 is "offended against the statutes of Heaven," and 皈正為僧 (為 = wéi) is coming back to orthodoxy as a monk. Then the claim: 第一會降妖的是我, I am the number-one demon-queller — where 一 reads yí as the tone shifts before the falling tone that follows. Every reader knows whose title he has just helped himself to.

國guó王wáng道dào:「既jì是shì天tiān將jiàng臨lín凡fán,必bì然rán善shàn能néng變biàn化huà。」八bā戒jiè道dào:「不bù敢gǎn,不bù敢gǎn,也yě將jiāng就jiù曉xiǎo得dé幾jǐ個gè變biàn化huà兒er。」 国guó王wáng道dào:「既jì是shì天tiān将jiàng临lín凡fán,必bì然rán善shàn能néng变biàn化huà。」八bā戒jiè道dào:「不bù敢gǎn,不bù敢gǎn,也yě将jiāng就jiù晓xiǎo得dé几jǐ个gè变biàn化huà儿er。」

Said the king, 'Since you are a heavenly general come down among mortals, you must surely be adept at transformations.' Said Eight Rules, 'I dare not claim it — but I do manage to know a few transformations.'

天將 (將 = jiàng, general) 臨凡 is a celestial officer come down among mortals. 將就 (將 = jiāng) 曉得 (得 = de) is "manage, just about, to know," and 變化兒 (兒 = er) are transformations. The false modesty is transparent and entirely deliberate — he is angling to be asked.

國guó王wáng道dào:「你nǐ試shì變biàn一yí個gè我wǒ看kàn看kàn。」八bā戒jiè道dào:「請qǐng出chū題tí目mù,照zhào依yī樣yàng子zi好hǎo變biàn。」國guó王wáng道dào:「變biàn一yí個gè大dà的de罷bà。」 国guó王wáng道dào:「你nǐ试shì变biàn一yí个gè我wǒ看kàn看kàn。」八bā戒jiè道dào:「请qǐng出chū题tí目mù,照zhào依yī样yàng子zi好hǎo变biàn。」国guó王wáng道dào:「变biàn一yí个gè大dà的de罢bà。」

Said the king, 'Try changing into something, that I may see.' Said Eight Rules, 'Set me a subject, and I'll change to match the model.' Said the king, 'Change into something big, then.'

And he is asked. 請出題目, "set me a topic," is the language of an examination or a party trick; 照依樣子 (子 = zi) is "according to the pattern." The king, who a moment ago was on the floor, now wants a demonstration — and asks for something big, which is the last thing anyone in this hall should have asked for.


總評 Commentary

The king's fright is the comic climax of the court scene, and the novel gives it in full physical detail: already alarmed by the sight of the disciples, he hears Eight Rules speak, quakes harder, cannot keep his seat, and goes over the side of the dragon-couch to be hauled up by his attendants. The literal fall from the throne is the exact payment on his earlier laughing bravado, and Tripitaka's headlong apology — kneeling, kowtowing, deserving ten thousand deaths — hurriedly patches the decorum his disciples have torn. The king's own admission that only the warning saved him from dying of fright turns the whole episode into rueful comedy.

Eight Rules' self-promotion then exposes the vanity that never leaves him. Asked who can subdue demons, he answers without a pause that he can, and styles himself the number-one demon-queller of the entire pilgrimage — a title that belongs, as every reader knows, to the absent Sun Wukong. The boast is characteristic and unearned, and the novel plants it on purpose: the transformation he is about to perform and the fight he is about to lose will together measure the distance between his claims and his powers, and watching that gap open is one of the chapter's chief pleasures.