Canonical Classics ← 第二十九回
第二十九回
脫tuō難nàn江jiāng流liú來lái國guó土tǔ
承chéng恩ēn八bā戒jiè轉zhuǎn山shān林lín

Freed from Ordeal, River-Float Comes to the Kingdom's Land · Receiving Grace, Eight Rules Turns to the Mountain Forest

洞中悲啼
模式 Mode Read Study
拼音 Pinyin Off
字體 Script 繁
原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

洞中悲啼 The Captive and the Woman

且qiě不bù言yán他tā三sān人rén戰zhàn鬥dòu。卻què說shuō那nà長zhǎng老lǎo在zài洞dòng裡lǐ悲bēi啼tí,思sī量liáng他tā那nà徒tú弟dì,眼yǎn中zhōng流liú淚lèi道dào:「悟wù能néng啊a,不bù知zhī你nǐ在zài那nǎ個gè村cūn中zhōng逢féng了le善shàn友yǒu,貪tān著zhuó齋zhāi供gòng?悟wù淨jìng啊a,你nǐ又yòu不bù知zhī在zài那nǎ裡lǐ尋xún他tā,可kě能néng得dé會huì?豈qǐ知zhī我wǒ遇yù妖yāo魔mó,在zài此cǐ受shòu難nàn?幾jǐ時shí得dé會huì你nǐ們men,脫tuō了le大dà難nàn,早zǎo赴fù靈líng山shān?」正zhèng當dāng悲bēi啼tí煩fán惱nǎo,忽hū見jiàn那nà洞dòng內nèi走zǒu出chū一yí個gè婦fù人rén來lái,扶fú著zhe定dìng魂hún樁zhuāng,叫jiào道dào:「那nà長zhǎng老lǎo,你nǐ從cóng何hé來lái?為wèi何hé被bèi他tā縛fù在zài此cǐ處chù?」且qiě不bù言yán他tā三sān人rén战zhàn斗dòu。却què说shuō那nà长zhǎng老lǎo在zài洞dòng里lǐ悲bēi啼tí,思sī量liáng他tā那nà徒tú弟dì,眼yǎn中zhōng流liú泪lèi道dào:「悟wù能néng啊a,不bù知zhī你nǐ在zài那nǎ个gè村cūn中zhōng逢féng了le善shàn友yǒu,贪tān着zhuó斋zhāi供gòng?悟wù净jìng啊a,你nǐ又yòu不bù知zhī在zài那nǎ里lǐ寻xún他tā,可kě能néng得dé会huì?岂qǐ知zhī我wǒ遇yù妖yāo魔mó,在zài此cǐ受shòu难nàn?几jǐ时shí得dé会huì你nǐ们men,脱tuō了le大dà难nàn,早zǎo赴fù灵líng山shān?」正zhèng当dāng悲bēi啼tí烦fán恼nǎo,忽hū见jiàn那nà洞dòng内nèi走zǒu出chū一yí个gè妇fù人rén来lái,扶fú着zhe定dìng魂hún桩zhuāng,叫jiào道dào:「那nà长zhǎng老lǎo,你nǐ从cóng何hé来lái?为wèi何hé被bèi他tā缚fù在zài此cǐ处chù?」


逐句解 Line by line

且qiě不bù言yán他tā三sān人rén戰zhàn鬥dòu。卻què說shuō那nà長zhǎng老lǎo在zài洞dòng裡lǐ悲bēi啼tí,思sī量liáng他tā那nà徒tú弟dì,眼yǎn中zhōng流liú淚lèi道dào:「悟wù能néng啊a,不bù知zhī你nǐ在zài那nǎ個gè村cūn中zhōng逢féng了le善shàn友yǒu,貪tān著zhuó齋zhāi供gòng?悟wù淨jìng啊a,你nǐ又yòu不bù知zhī在zài那nǎ裡lǐ尋xún他tā,可kě能néng得dé會huì?豈qǐ知zhī我wǒ遇yù妖yāo魔mó,在zài此cǐ受shòu難nàn?幾jǐ時shí得dé會huì你nǐ們men,脫tuō了le大dà難nàn,早zǎo赴fù靈líng山shān?」 且qiě不bù言yán他tā三sān人rén战zhàn斗dòu。却què说shuō那nà长zhǎng老lǎo在zài洞dòng里lǐ悲bēi啼tí,思sī量liáng他tā那nà徒tú弟dì,眼yǎn中zhōng流liú泪lèi道dào:「悟wù能néng啊a,不bù知zhī你nǐ在zài那nǎ个gè村cūn中zhōng逢féng了le善shàn友yǒu,贪tān着zhuó斋zhāi供gòng?悟wù净jìng啊a,你nǐ又yòu不bù知zhī在zài那nǎ里lǐ寻xún他tā,可kě能néng得dé会huì?岂qǐ知zhī我wǒ遇yù妖yāo魔mó,在zài此cǐ受shòu难nàn?几jǐ时shí得dé会huì你nǐ们men,脱tuō了le大dà难nàn,早zǎo赴fù灵líng山shān?」

But leave aside the combat of the three. The elder, meanwhile, wept within the cave, and thinking of his disciples let the tears fall: 'Wuneng, ah — I know not in what village you have fallen among good friends and grown greedy for their almsfood; Wujing, ah — you too know not where to seek him, and can you even find him? Little did I think to fall in with a fiend and suffer this ordeal here. When shall I meet you again, escape this great affliction, and reach the Spirit Mountain betimes?'

The storyteller swings his camera off the battle and into the cell: 且不言 ("leave that aside") and 卻說 ("now to tell of") are the two halves of the turn. What we find there is Tripitaka weeping and apportioning his pathos in matched appeals, one to 悟能 (Eight Rules) and one to 悟淨 (Sha Monk) — and even in extremity he cannot resist accusing Eight Rules of gluttony. 貪著齋供, "greedy for the almsfood," takes 著 as the verb zhuó, the Buddhist 貪著, "to cleave to, to be attached." Both 那 in his questions are the interrogative nǎ ("in which village," "where"), and 受難 and 大難 both take 難 as nàn, an ordeal rather than a difficulty. 靈山 is Gṛdhrakūṭa, Vulture Peak, the far end of the road. Four questions, none of them answered — which is what leaves the scene open for somebody to walk into it.

正zhèng當dāng悲bēi啼tí煩fán惱nǎo,忽hū見jiàn那nà洞dòng內nèi走zǒu出chū一yí個gè婦fù人rén來lái,扶fú著zhe定dìng魂hún樁zhuāng,叫jiào道dào:「那nà長zhǎng老lǎo,你nǐ從cóng何hé來lái?為wèi何hé被bèi他tā縛fù在zài此cǐ處chù?」 正zhèng当dāng悲bēi啼tí烦fán恼nǎo,忽hū见jiàn那nà洞dòng内nèi走zǒu出chū一yí个gè妇fù人rén来lái,扶fú着zhe定dìng魂hún桩zhuāng,叫jiào道dào:「那nà长zhǎng老lǎo,你nǐ从cóng何hé来lái?为wèi何hé被bèi他tā缚fù在zài此cǐ处chù?」

Just as he grieved and fretted, of a sudden a woman came forth from within the cave, and steadying herself against the soul-fixing post, called out: 'You there, elder — whence do you come? Why has he bound you in this place?'

And somebody does, at the very top of the lament: 正當... 忽見, "just as he was..., suddenly he saw." The 定魂樁, the "soul-settling post" she steadies herself against, is the thing Tripitaka is lashed to — a nasty piece of furniture, well suited to an ogre's house. 扶著 uses 著 as the ongoing-action zhe. Her two blunt questions — 你從何來, where have you come from, and 為何被他縛在此處, why has he tied you up here, with 為 read wèi — open the recognition scene that drives the whole rest of the chapter.


總評 Commentary

With one turn of the storyteller's phrase (且不言... 卻說...) the chapter drops the noise of battle for the quiet of the cell, and action for interior life. Tripitaka's lament is one of his set arias of self-pity, but it is finely observed: even tied to a post awaiting the pot, he cannot help imagining that Eight Rules has been distracted by a free meal — 貪著齋供, greedy for the almsfood — the very appetite that has endangered the group a dozen times already. Sha Monk he credits only with confusion. The four unanswered questions build the pathos and, structurally, hold the door open.

Through it comes the woman. Her plainness of speech — where from, why bound — is the idiom of recognition drama: she does not yet know who he is, and he has no idea she is a prisoner too rather than a member of the household. The 定魂樁 she leans on names, with grim aptness, the fittings of the lair. And her two questions start the exchange from which everything else in the chapter unfolds — the letter, the embassy to Baoxiang, the summoning of the disciples to court, and the disaster that follows all three.