Canonical Classics ← 第三十八回
第三十八回
嬰yīng兒ér問wèn母mǔ知zhī邪xié正zhèng
金jīn木mù參cān玄xuán見jiàn假jiǎ真zhēn

The Infant Questions His Mother and Learns the Crooked from the Upright · Metal and Wood, Probing the Mystery, Perceive the False and the True

花園荒境
模式 Mode Read Study
拼音 Pinyin Off
字體 Script 繁
原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition 含詞賦 With rhapsody

花園荒境 The Garden Fallen to Ruin

行xíng者zhě道dào:「兄xiōng弟dì啊a,你nǐ說shuō我wǒ發fā急jí為wèi何hé?你nǐ看kàn這zhè:行xíng者zhě道dào:「兄xiōng弟dì啊a,你nǐ说shuō我wǒ发fā急jí为wèi何hé?你nǐ看kàn这zhè:

彩cǎi畫huà雕diāo欄lán狼láng狽bèi,寶bǎo妝zhuāng亭tíng閣gé攲qī歪wāi。彩cǎi画huà雕diāo栏lán狼láng狈bèi,宝bǎo妆zhuāng亭tíng阁gé攲qī歪wāi。
莎shā汀tīng蓼liǎo岸àn盡jìn塵chén埋mái,芍sháo藥yào荼tú䕷mí俱jù敗bài。莎shā汀tīng蓼liǎo岸àn尽jìn尘chén埋mái,芍sháo药yào荼tú䕷mí俱jù败bài。
茉mò莉lì玫méi瑰guī香xiāng暗àn,牡mǔ丹dān百bǎi合hé空kōng開kāi。茉mò莉lì玫méi瑰guī香xiāng暗àn,牡mǔ丹dān百bǎi合hé空kōng开kāi。
芙fú蓉róng木mù槿jǐn草cǎo垓gāi垓gāi,異yì卉huì奇qí葩pā壅yōng壞huài。芙fú蓉róng木mù槿jǐn草cǎo垓gāi垓gāi,异yì卉huì奇qí葩pā壅yōng坏huài。
巧qiǎo石shí山shān峰fēng俱jù倒dǎo,池chí塘táng水shuǐ涸hé魚yú衰shuāi。巧qiǎo石shí山shān峰fēng俱jù倒dǎo,池chí塘táng水shuǐ涸hé鱼yú衰shuāi。
青qīng松sōng紫zǐ竹zhú似sì乾gān柴chái,滿mǎn路lù茸róng茸róng蒿hāo艾ài。青qīng松sōng紫zǐ竹zhú似sì干gān柴chái,满mǎn路lù茸róng茸róng蒿hāo艾ài。
丹dān桂guì碧bì桃táo枝zhī損sǔn,海hǎi榴liú棠táng棣dì根gēn歪wāi。丹dān桂guì碧bì桃táo枝zhī损sǔn,海hǎi榴liú棠táng棣dì根gēn歪wāi。
橋qiáo頭tóu曲qū徑jìng有yǒu蒼cāng苔tái,冷lěng落luò花huā園yuán境jìng界jiè。」桥qiáo头tóu曲qū径jìng有yǒu苍cāng苔tái,冷lěng落luò花huā园yuán境jìng界jiè。」

逐句解 Line by line

行xíng者zhě道dào:「兄xiōng弟dì啊a,你nǐ說shuō我wǒ發fā急jí為wèi何hé? 行xíng者zhě道dào:「兄xiōng弟dì啊a,你nǐ说shuō我wǒ发fā急jí为wèi何hé?

The Pilgrim said: 'Brother — you ask why I grew agitated?'

He was not shouting from fear. 發急為何: why he grew agitated — 為 read wèi, 'for what reason.' The answer is the garden itself. 行 = xíng.

你nǐ看kàn這zhè: 你nǐ看kàn这zhè:

'Just look at this:'

你看這, 'just look at this' — the tag that hands the floor over to the descriptive set-piece that follows, a 賦 or rhapsody.

彩cǎi畫huà雕diāo欄lán狼láng狽bèi,寶bǎo妝zhuāng亭tíng閣gé攲qī歪wāi。 彩cǎi画huà雕diāo栏lán狼láng狈bèi,宝bǎo妆zhuāng亭tíng阁gé攲qī歪wāi。

The painted balustrades are wrecked, the jewel-dressed pavilions lean awry.

The catalogue of ruin opens with the architecture: 彩畫雕欄, painted and carved railings, now 狼狽, in wreckage; 寶妝亭閣, jewel-dressed pavilions, now 攲歪, leaning off true.

莎shā汀tīng蓼liǎo岸àn盡jìn塵chén埋mái,芍sháo藥yào荼tú䕷mí俱jù敗bài。 莎shā汀tīng蓼liǎo岸àn尽jìn尘chén埋mái,芍sháo药yào荼tú䕷mí俱jù败bài。

Sedge-banks and knotweed shores lie wholly buried in dust; peonies and tú-mí roses have all decayed.

莎汀蓼岸: sedge-flats and knotweed banks, the planted waterside of an ornamental garden. 荼䕷 is the tú-mí rose, a late-spring rambler whose flowering traditionally marks the end of the season — a rare character in 䕷, met almost only in this plant's name. 盡 = jìn, 'wholly.'

茉mò莉lì玫méi瑰guī香xiāng暗àn,牡mǔ丹dān百bǎi合hé空kōng開kāi。 茉mò莉lì玫méi瑰guī香xiāng暗àn,牡mǔ丹dān百bǎi合hé空kōng开kāi。

Jasmine and rugosa rose breathe a faded scent; tree-peony and lily bloom to no avail.

茉莉玫瑰: jasmine and rugosa rose. 牡丹百合: tree-peony and lily. 空開 — to bloom in vain — is the saddest phrase in the passage: the flowers are still doing their work, and there is nobody left to look.

芙fú蓉róng木mù槿jǐn草cǎo垓gāi垓gāi,異yì卉huì奇qí葩pā壅yōng壞huài。 芙fú蓉róng木mù槿jǐn草cǎo垓gāi垓gāi,异yì卉huì奇qí葩pā壅yōng坏huài。

Hibiscus and rose-of-Sharon choke in rank grass; rare herbs and wondrous blossoms are smothered and spoiled.

芙蓉木槿: hibiscus and rose-of-Sharon. 異卉奇葩: rare herbs and wonderful blossoms. 垓垓 is rank and overgrown; 壅壞, choked and spoiled — smothered by the weeds that moved in.

巧qiǎo石shí山shān峰fēng俱jù倒dǎo,池chí塘táng水shuǐ涸hé魚yú衰shuāi。 巧qiǎo石shí山shān峰fēng俱jù倒dǎo,池chí塘táng水shuǐ涸hé鱼yú衰shuāi。

The cunning rockery peaks have all toppled; the pond has run dry and its fish grown feeble.

巧石山峰: the artfully piled 'peaks' of a rockery, the miniature mountains at the heart of any Chinese garden, now all fallen over (俱倒, 倒 = dǎo). 水涸魚衰: the pond dried out and the fish gone feeble. A garden is water and stone before it is anything else, and both have failed.

青qīng松sōng紫zǐ竹zhú似sì乾gān柴chái,滿mǎn路lù茸róng茸róng蒿hāo艾ài。 青qīng松sōng紫zǐ竹zhú似sì干gān柴chái,满mǎn路lù茸róng茸róng蒿hāo艾ài。

Green pine and purple bamboo are like dry kindling; the paths are thick with tangled mugwort and wormwood.

似乾柴: like dry firewood (似 = sì; 乾 = gān, 'dry,' not qián, the trigram). 蒿艾, mugwort and wormwood, are the weeds that come up wherever nobody is tending.

丹dān桂guì碧bì桃táo枝zhī損sǔn,海hǎi榴liú棠táng棣dì根gēn歪wāi。 丹dān桂guì碧bì桃táo枝zhī损sǔn,海hǎi榴liú棠táng棣dì根gēn歪wāi。

Cinnamon and green-fleshed peach have their boughs broken; pomegranate and kerria have their roots wrenched askew.

丹桂碧桃: cinnamon-osmanthus and green-fleshed peach. 海榴棠棣: pomegranate and kerria. 枝損…根歪: boughs broken above, roots wrenched below.

橋qiáo頭tóu曲qū徑jìng有yǒu蒼cāng苔tái,冷lěng落luò花huā園yuán境jìng界jiè。」 桥qiáo头tóu曲qū径jìng有yǒu苍cāng苔tái,冷lěng落luò花huā园yuán境jìng界jiè。」

At the bridgehead and along the winding path lies grey-green moss — such is the desolate compass of this garden.'

蒼苔: grey-green moss, the growth that arrives when feet stop coming. 冷落花園境界 — 'the cold, neglected compass of this garden' — closes the rhapsody by naming the whole scene at once.


總評 Commentary

Wukong's outcry turns out to be grief, not fear. The imperial garden, once the pride of the kingdom, lies in complete ruin, and the novel marks the discovery with a full descriptive rhapsody. It is a conventional set-piece — the ruined-garden catalogue was a standing form — but it is deployed to precise effect here: the desolation is the visible sign of the usurpation, the outward rot that answers the demon's hidden crime.

The method is accumulation. Couplet after couplet names flowers, trees, water and stone, and pairs each with a verb of destruction: buried, decayed, toppled, dried, broken, wrenched. The sheer richness of the planting — jasmine, peony, hibiscus, pomegranate, the tú-mí rose — makes the common ruin worse, and the relentless parallel structure enacts how total the collapse has been.

Read allegorically, the garden is the kingdom under false rule: cultivation gone to weeds, living water run dry. The true king lies drowned in this very garden's well, so what the pilgrims are looking at is both a literal wreck and an emblem — the ground of decay from which, once the impostor falls, everything will have to be started again.