Canonical Classics ← 第三十八回
第三十八回
嬰yīng兒ér問wèn母mǔ知zhī邪xié正zhèng
金jīn木mù參cān玄xuán見jiàn假jiǎ真zhēn

The Infant Questions His Mother and Learns the Crooked from the Upright · Metal and Wood, Probing the Mystery, Perceive the False and the True

強顏相認
模式 Mode Read Study
拼音 Pinyin Off
字體 Script 繁
原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

強顏相認 A Forced Glad Face

這zhè太tài子zǐ下xià馬mǎ,跪guì於yú亭tíng下xià,叫jiào:「母mǔ親qīn。」那nà娘niáng娘niang強qiǎng整zhěng歡huān容róng,叫jiào聲shēng:「孩hái兒ér,喜xǐ呀ya!喜xǐ呀ya!這zhè二èr三sān年nián在zài前qián殿diàn與yǔ你nǐ父fù王wáng開kāi講jiǎng,不bù得dé相xiāng見jiàn,我wǒ甚shèn思sī量liáng。今jīn日rì如rú何hé得dé暇xiá來lái看kàn我wǒ一yí面miàn?誠chéng萬wàn千qiān之zhī喜xǐ!誠chéng萬wàn千qiān之zhī喜xǐ!孩hái兒ér,你nǐ怎zěn麼me聲shēng音yīn悲bēi慘cǎn?你nǐ父fù王wáng年nián紀jì高gāo邁mài,有yǒu一yí日rì龍lóng歸guī碧bì海hǎi,鳳fèng返fǎn丹dān霄xiāo,你nǐ就jiù傳chuán了le帝dì位wèi,還hái有yǒu甚shén麼me不bú悅yuè?」这zhè太tài子zǐ下xià马mǎ,跪guì于yú亭tíng下xià,叫jiào:「母mǔ亲qīn。」那nà娘niáng娘niang强qiǎng整zhěng欢huān容róng,叫jiào声shēng:「孩hái儿ér,喜xǐ呀ya!喜xǐ呀ya!这zhè二èr三sān年nián在zài前qián殿diàn与yǔ你nǐ父fù王wáng开kāi讲jiǎng,不bù得dé相xiāng见jiàn,我wǒ甚shèn思sī量liáng。今jīn日rì如rú何hé得dé暇xiá来lái看kàn我wǒ一yí面miàn?诚chéng万wàn千qiān之zhī喜xǐ!诚chéng万wàn千qiān之zhī喜xǐ!孩hái儿ér,你nǐ怎zěn么me声shēng音yīn悲bēi惨cǎn?你nǐ父fù王wáng年nián纪jì高gāo迈mài,有yǒu一yí日rì龙lóng归guī碧bì海hǎi,凤fèng返fǎn丹dān霄xiāo,你nǐ就jiù传chuán了le帝dì位wèi,还hái有yǒu甚shén么me不bú悦yuè?」


逐句解 Line by line

這zhè太tài子zǐ下xià馬mǎ,跪guì於yú亭tíng下xià,叫jiào:「母mǔ親qīn。」 这zhè太tài子zǐ下xià马mǎ,跪guì于yú亭tíng下xià,叫jiào:「母mǔ亲qīn。」

The prince dismounted, knelt below the pavilion, and called out: 'Mother.'

The prince gets off his horse, kneels below the pavilion, and calls her 母親 — mother, plainly. 太子 keeps 子 at zǐ.

那nà娘niáng娘niang強qiǎng整zhěng歡huān容róng,叫jiào聲shēng:「孩hái兒ér,喜xǐ呀ya! 那nà娘niáng娘niang强qiǎng整zhěng欢huān容róng,叫jiào声shēng:「孩hái儿ér,喜xǐ呀ya!

The lady, forcing her features into a look of gladness, cried out: 'My child — what joy!'

She has been weeping a moment ago and now has to perform delight, which is what 強整歡容 catches: 強 read qiǎng, to force oneself, and a cheerful face pulled straight over grief. 孩兒, 'my child,' takes 兒 as ér — the character carrying its own weight as a word, as it does in 女兒 and 嬰兒 — and not the light er ending. 那 is nà.

喜xǐ呀ya! 喜xǐ呀ya!

What joy indeed!'

喜呀! twice over. The repetition is the sound of someone trying too hard to seem glad.

這zhè二èr三sān年nián在zài前qián殿diàn與yǔ你nǐ父fù王wáng開kāi講jiǎng,不bù得dé相xiāng見jiàn,我wǒ甚shèn思sī量liáng。 这zhè二èr三sān年nián在zài前qián殿diàn与yǔ你nǐ父fù王wáng开kāi讲jiǎng,不bù得dé相xiāng见jiàn,我wǒ甚shèn思sī量liáng。

'These two or three years you have been in the front hall at your father's discourses, so that we could not meet — how I have longed for you.'

開講 means to hold forth on the classics, and it is the impostor's alibi: the boy has been kept in the front hall at his father's lectures for two or three years, which is a tidy way of keeping him away from his mother. 不得 takes 得 as dé. 相見 keeps 相 at xiāng, 'each other.' And 甚 in 甚思量 is shèn, 'greatly' — how much she has missed him.

今jīn日rì如rú何hé得dé暇xiá來lái看kàn我wǒ一yí面miàn? 今jīn日rì如rú何hé得dé暇xiá来lái看kàn我wǒ一yí面miàn?

'How is it that today you have found the leisure to come and look upon my face?'

得暇 is to find a free moment, with 得 as dé.

誠chéng萬wàn千qiān之zhī喜xǐ! 诚chéng万wàn千qiān之zhī喜xǐ!

'Truly a joy ten-thousand-fold!'

誠萬千之喜 — 'truly a joy of ten thousand thousands.' Court language ran to this kind of numerical extravagance the way a formal letter today runs to 'I trust this finds you well.'

誠chéng萬wàn千qiān之zhī喜xǐ! 诚chéng万wàn千qiān之zhī喜xǐ!

'A joy ten-thousand-fold indeed!'

Said again, immediately. The doubling is the strain showing through the courtesy.

孩hái兒ér,你nǐ怎zěn麼me聲shēng音yīn悲bēi慘cǎn? 孩hái儿ér,你nǐ怎zěn么me声shēng音yīn悲bēi惨cǎn?

'My child, why is your voice so full of grief?'

She hears it before he tells her. 孩兒 again takes 兒 as ér.

你nǐ父fù王wáng年nián紀jì高gāo邁mài,有yǒu一yí日rì龍lóng歸guī碧bì海hǎi,鳳fèng返fǎn丹dān霄xiāo,你nǐ就jiù傳chuán了le帝dì位wèi,還hái有yǒu甚shén麼me不bú悅yuè?」 你nǐ父fù王wáng年nián纪jì高gāo迈mài,有yǒu一yí日rì龙lóng归guī碧bì海hǎi,凤fèng返fǎn丹dān霄xiāo,你nǐ就jiù传chuán了le帝dì位wèi,还hái有yǒu甚shén么me不bú悦yuè?」

'Your father-king is well on in years; the day the dragon returns to the emerald sea and the phoenix goes back to the cinnabar sky, you will inherit the throne — so what is there yet to be unhappy about?'

龍歸碧海,鳳返丹霄 — 'the dragon returns to the emerald sea, the phoenix goes back to the cinnabar sky.' Both are polite ways of saying a sovereign has died; the dragon and the phoenix are the emperor and empress, going home. The dramatic irony is exquisite, because she is using a euphemism for a death that has already happened, about a man she believes is still alive. 還 is hái, 'yet.' 甚麼 reads shén me, 'what.'


總評 Commentary

The reunion is staged as a small theater of concealment. The queen 'forces' (強整) a glad face; her 誠萬千之喜, doubled like the doubled 喜呀, rings with the effort of a grief she cannot yet name. Her warmth is real and false at the same time — she is genuinely glad to see her son and genuinely bereft of her husband.

The cover story surfaces without anyone having to explain it. The boy has been kept 'at his father's discourses' in the front hall, 開講, which is how the impostor has kept mother and son apart for two or three years. Then she reaches for the standard euphemisms for a king's death — 龍歸碧海,鳳返丹霄 — and applies them to a man she thinks is alive and well, while the reader, who knows he is at the bottom of a well, winces.

Her closing question, what is there to be unhappy about, hands the prince his opening. The chapter's title promised a child who questions his mother; the questioning starts here.