Canonical Classics ← 第二十三回
第二十三回
三sān藏zàng不bú忘wàng本běn
四sì聖shèng試shì禪chán心xīn

Tripitaka Does Not Forget His Origin · The Four Saints Test the Meditative Heart

四眾殊態
模式 Mode Read Study
拼音 Pinyin Off
字體 Script 繁
原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

四眾殊態 The Pilgrims React

那nà三sān藏zàng合hé掌zhǎng低dī頭tóu,孫sūn大dà聖shèng佯yáng佯yáng不bù睬cǎi,這zhè沙shā僧sēng轉zhuǎn背bèi回huí身shēn。你nǐ看kàn那nà豬zhū八bā戒jiè眼yǎn不bù轉zhuǎn睛jīng,淫yín心xīn紊wěn亂luàn,色sè膽dǎn縱zòng橫héng,扭niǔ捏niē出chū悄qiāo語yǔ,低dī聲shēng道dào:「有yǒu勞láo仙xiān子zǐ下xià降jiàng。娘niáng,請qǐng姐jiě姐jie們men去qù耶yé。」那nà三sān個gè女nǚ子zǐ轉zhuǎn入rù屏píng風fēng,將jiāng一yí對duì紗shā燈dēng留liú下xià。婦fù人rén道dào:「四sì位wèi長zhǎng老lǎo可kě肯kěn留liú心xīn,著zhuó那nà個gè配pèi我wǒ小xiǎo女nǚ麼me?」悟wù淨jìng道dào:「我wǒ們men已yǐ商shāng議yì了le,著zhuó那nà個gè姓xìng豬zhū的de招zhāo贅zhuì門mén下xià。」八bā戒jiè道dào:「兄xiōng弟dì,不bú要yào栽zāi我wǒ,還hái從cóng眾zhòng計jì較jiào。」行xíng者zhě道dào:「還hái計jì較jiào甚shén麼me?你nǐ已yǐ在zài後hòu門mén首shǒu說shuō合hé的de停tíng停tíng當dàng當dàng,娘niáng都dōu叫jiào了le,又yòu有yǒu甚shén麼me計jì較jiào?師shī父fù做zuò個gè男nán親qīn家jiā,這zhè婆pó兒ér做zuò個gè女nǚ親qīn家jiā,等děng老lǎo孫sūn做zuò個gè保bǎo親qīn,沙shā僧sēng做zuò個gè媒méi人rén。也yě不bú必bì看kàn通tōng書shū,今jīn朝zhāo是shì個gè天tiān恩ēn上shàng吉jí日rì,你nǐ來lái拜bài了le師shī父fù,進jìn去qù做zuò了le女nǚ婿xù罷bà。八bā戒jiè道dào:「弄nòng不bù成chéng,弄nòng不bù成chéng,那nà裡lǐ好hǎo幹gàn這zhè個gè勾gòu當dàng?」那nà三sān藏zàng合hé掌zhǎng低dī头tóu,孙sūn大dà圣shèng佯yáng佯yáng不bù睬cǎi,这zhè沙shā僧sēng转zhuǎn背bèi回huí身shēn。你nǐ看kàn那nà猪zhū八bā戒jiè眼yǎn不bù转zhuǎn睛jīng,淫yín心xīn紊wěn乱luàn,色sè胆dǎn纵zòng横héng,扭niǔ捏niē出chū悄qiāo语yǔ,低dī声shēng道dào:「有yǒu劳láo仙xiān子zǐ下xià降jiàng。娘niáng,请qǐng姐jiě姐jie们men去qù耶yé。」那nà三sān个gè女nǚ子zǐ转zhuǎn入rù屏píng风fēng,将jiāng一yí对duì纱shā灯dēng留liú下xià。妇fù人rén道dào:「四sì位wèi长zhǎng老lǎo可kě肯kěn留liú心xīn,着zhuó那nà个gè配pèi我wǒ小xiǎo女nǚ么me?」悟wù净jìng道dào:「我wǒ们men已yǐ商shāng议yì了le,着zhuó那nà个gè姓xìng猪zhū的de招zhāo赘zhuì门mén下xià。」八bā戒jiè道dào:「兄xiōng弟dì,不bú要yào栽zāi我wǒ,还hái从cóng众zhòng计jì较jiào。」行xíng者zhě道dào:「还hái计jì较jiào甚shén么me?你nǐ已yǐ在zài后hòu门mén首shǒu说shuō合hé的de停tíng停tíng当dàng当dàng,娘niáng都dōu叫jiào了le,又yòu有yǒu甚shén么me计jì较jiào?师shī父fù做zuò个gè男nán亲qīn家jiā,这zhè婆pó儿ér做zuò个gè女nǚ亲qīn家jiā,等děng老lǎo孙sūn做zuò个gè保bǎo亲qīn,沙shā僧sēng做zuò个gè媒méi人rén。也yě不bú必bì看kàn通tōng书shū,今jīn朝zhāo是shì个gè天tiān恩ēn上shàng吉jí日rì,你nǐ来lái拜bài了le师shī父fù,进jìn去qù做zuò了le女nǚ婿xù罢bà。八bā戒jiè道dào:「弄nòng不bù成chéng,弄nòng不bù成chéng,那nà里lǐ好hǎo干gàn这zhè个gè勾gòu当dàng?」


逐句解 Line by line

那nà三sān藏zàng合hé掌zhǎng低dī頭tóu,孫sūn大dà聖shèng佯yáng佯yáng不bù睬cǎi,這zhè沙shā僧sēng轉zhuǎn背bèi回huí身shēn。 那nà三sān藏zàng合hé掌zhǎng低dī头tóu,孙sūn大dà圣shèng佯yáng佯yáng不bù睬cǎi,这zhè沙shā僧sēng转zhuǎn背bèi回huí身shēn。

Tripitaka pressed his palms together and bowed his head; the Great Sage feigned utter indifference; and Sha Monk turned his back and faced away.

Three men decline to look, each in his own way. 三藏 takes 藏 as zàng; 合掌低頭, palms joined and head down, is a posture of prayer used here as a blindfold. 佯佯不睬, making a show of not noticing — the same phrase Bajie threw at Tripitaka earlier, now describing Wukong.

你nǐ看kàn那nà豬zhū八bā戒jiè眼yǎn不bù轉zhuǎn睛jīng,淫yín心xīn紊wěn亂luàn,色sè膽dǎn縱zòng橫héng,扭niǔ捏niē出chū悄qiāo語yǔ,低dī聲shēng道dào:「有yǒu勞láo仙xiān子zǐ下xià降jiàng。 你nǐ看kàn那nà猪zhū八bā戒jiè眼yǎn不bù转zhuǎn睛jīng,淫yín心xīn紊wěn乱luàn,色sè胆dǎn纵zòng横héng,扭niǔ捏niē出chū悄qiāo语yǔ,低dī声shēng道dào:「有yǒu劳láo仙xiān子zǐ下xià降jiàng。

But look at Zhu Bajie — his eyes never stirred from them; lust threw his heart into disorder, desire ran unbridled and bold, and mincing out a whisper he murmured low, "Much trouble it is for the fairy maidens to descend."

And the fourth. 眼不轉睛, eyes not shifting their pupils; 淫心紊亂 and 色膽縱橫, a lustful heart in disorder and the gall of desire running loose in all directions. 仙子, fairy maiden, takes 子 as the honorific zǐ; 下降 reads 降 as jiàng. Note that Bajie is the only one who addresses them, and that what he says is fulsome and correct and delivered in a whisper.

娘niáng,請qǐng姐jiě姐jie們men去qù耶yé。」 娘niáng,请qǐng姐jiě姐jie们men去qù耶yé。」

"Ma'am — do have the sisters go in."

請姐姐們去, please have the sisters withdraw. He has looked his fill and now wants the preliminaries over.

那nà三sān個gè女nǚ子zǐ轉zhuǎn入rù屏píng風fēng,將jiāng一yí對duì紗shā燈dēng留liú下xià。 那nà三sān个gè女nǚ子zǐ转zhuǎn入rù屏píng风fēng,将jiāng一yí对duì纱shā灯dēng留liú下xià。

The three young women turned in behind the screen, leaving a pair of gauze lanterns behind.

轉入屏風, turned in behind the screen; 將一對紗燈留下, left a pair of gauze lanterns, with the handling-word jiāng. The lamps stay behind after the women have gone, which is a stage direction as much as a detail.

婦fù人rén道dào:「四sì位wèi長zhǎng老lǎo可kě肯kěn留liú心xīn,著zhuó那nà個gè配pèi我wǒ小xiǎo女nǚ麼me?」 妇fù人rén道dào:「四sì位wèi长zhǎng老lǎo可kě肯kěn留liú心xīn,着zhuó那nà个gè配pèi我wǒ小xiǎo女nǚ么me?」

The woman said, "Would you four elders be so minded — which of you will you have wed my daughters?"

四位長老 reads 長 as zhǎng. 著那個配我小女 — 著 here is the causative zhuó, to have or assign somebody to do a thing, and 那個 takes nà. She asks the question flatly. There is no coyness left in the scene.

悟wù淨jìng道dào:「我wǒ們men已yǐ商shāng議yì了le,著zhuó那nà個gè姓xìng豬zhū的de招zhāo贅zhuì門mén下xià。」 悟wù净jìng道dào:「我wǒ们men已yǐ商shāng议yì了le,着zhuó那nà个gè姓xìng猪zhū的de招zhāo赘zhuì门mén下xià。」

Wujing said, "We have already talked it over: let the one surnamed Zhu be taken in as your son-in-law."

著那個姓豬的招贅, have the pig-surnamed one marry in, with 著 again the causative zhuó and 那個 as nà; 招贅, to take in a live-in husband. Wujing gives him up without a flicker.

八bā戒jiè道dào:「兄xiōng弟dì,不bú要yào栽zāi我wǒ,還hái從cóng眾zhòng計jì較jiào。」 八bā戒jiè道dào:「兄xiōng弟dì,不bú要yào栽zāi我wǒ,还hái从cóng众zhòng计jì较jiào。」

Bajie said, "Brother, don't pin it on me — let's still reckon it by common consent."

栽我, pin it on me, for the third time in the chapter. 還從眾計較 takes 還 as the adverb hái, still — let it still be decided by everybody. The words are the same as before. They are now worth nothing, and everyone present knows it.

行xíng者zhě道dào:「還hái計jì較jiào甚shén麼me? 行xíng者zhě道dào:「还hái计jì较jiào甚shén么me?

Pilgrim said, "What is there still to reckon?"

還計較甚麼 — 還 as hái, 甚 as shén — what is there left to reckon?

你nǐ已yǐ在zài後hòu門mén首shǒu說shuō合hé的de停tíng停tíng當dàng當dàng,娘niáng都dōu叫jiào了le,又yòu有yǒu甚shén麼me計jì較jiào? 你nǐ已yǐ在zài后hòu门mén首shǒu说shuō合hé的de停tíng停tíng当dàng当dàng,娘niáng都dōu叫jiào了le,又yòu有yǒu甚shén么me计jì较jiào?

"You've already settled it all snug and tidy at the back gate, and called her 'Ma'am' into the bargain — what is there left to deliberate?"

Monkey produces the evidence. 說合的停停當當, arranged all snug and settled, doubles 停當 for emphasis, with 當 as dàng; 娘都叫了, you have already called her Ma'am, with 都 as dōu; 甚麼 as shén. The detail that finishes Bajie is not the bargain but the form of address — he called her mother, and Wukong heard him do it.

師shī父fù做zuò個gè男nán親qīn家jiā,這zhè婆pó兒ér做zuò個gè女nǚ親qīn家jiā,等děng老lǎo孫sūn做zuò個gè保bǎo親qīn,沙shā僧sēng做zuò個gè媒méi人rén。 师shī父fù做zuò个gè男nán亲qīn家jiā,这zhè婆pó儿ér做zuò个gè女nǚ亲qīn家jiā,等děng老lǎo孙sūn做zuò个gè保bǎo亲qīn,沙shā僧sēng做zuò个gè媒méi人rén。

"The Master shall be father of the groom, this good dame mother of the bride; let old Monkey stand as sponsor, and Sha Monk as go-between."

男親家 and 女親家 are the groom's side and the bride's side of a marriage alliance; 保親 is the guarantor who stands behind a match; 媒人 is the go-between, without whom no respectable Ming marriage happened at all. 婆兒 takes 兒 as the suffix. In one breath Monkey has cast the entire company in a wedding party.

也yě不bú必bì看kàn通tōng書shū,今jīn朝zhāo是shì個gè天tiān恩ēn上shàng吉jí日rì,你nǐ來lái拜bài了le師shī父fù,進jìn去qù做zuò了le女nǚ婿xù罷bà。 也yě不bú必bì看kàn通tōng书shū,今jīn朝zhāo是shì个gè天tiān恩ēn上shàng吉jí日rì,你nǐ来lái拜bài了le师shī父fù,进jìn去qù做zuò了le女nǚ婿xù罢bà。

"No need even to consult the almanac — today is a Heaven-favored, most auspicious day; come, bow to your master, and go in to be the son-in-law."

看通書 is to consult the almanac for a lucky day, the ordinary first step before any Chinese wedding — and skipping it is the first sign that this ceremony is not a real one. 今朝, today, reads 朝 as zhāo, the morning-or-day sense, against the cháo of facing and of courts. 天恩上吉日, a day of Heaven's grace and highest good fortune.

八bā戒jiè道dào:「弄nòng不bù成chéng,弄nòng不bù成chéng,那nà裡lǐ好hǎo幹gàn這zhè個gè勾gòu當dàng?」 八bā戒jiè道dào:「弄nòng不bù成chéng,弄nòng不bù成chéng,那nà里lǐ好hǎo干gàn这zhè个gè勾gòu当dàng?」

Bajie said, "It won't do, it won't do — how could one properly do such a thing?"

弄不成, it cannot be brought off; 那裡好幹, how could one properly do it, uses 那裡 in its rhetorical sense, closer to how on earth than to where; 勾當 (gòu dàng), this business, with 當 as dàng. He is protesting. He is not moving toward the door.


總評 Commentary

The heart of the scene is a fourfold contrast, staged as sharply as anything in the book. Three disciples refuse to look: Tripitaka joins his palms and bows his head, Wukong makes a show of blank indifference, Sha Monk simply turns his back. Bajie stares — eyes fixed, heart in tumult, desire running loose — and whispers a fulsome welcome to the fairy maidens. Those four postures are the verdict of the four saints' test, delivered in a single sentence.

With the daughters gone, the widow asks her question flatly — which of the four will marry — and Wujing answers for everybody: the one surnamed Zhu. Bajie's reflex, do not pin it on me, is now hollow, and Wukong knows why. He throws the back-gate conversation in his face: the match is already settled, and Bajie has already called the woman Ma'am. The stalling collapses.

Then Monkey presses his advantage with obvious enjoyment, casting everyone in a wedding role — master as father of the groom, widow as mother of the bride, himself as guarantor, Sha Monk as matchmaker — and pronouncing the day auspicious without troubling the almanac. Bajie's last it-cannot-be-done is the protest of a man being carried toward precisely what he wants, and the gap between his words and his will is the whole joke.