Canonical Classics ← 第二十三回
第二十三回
三sān藏zàng不bú忘wàng本běn
四sì聖shèng試shì禪chán心xīn

Tripitaka Does Not Forget His Origin · The Four Saints Test the Meditative Heart

尋救八戒
模式 Mode Read Study
拼音 Pinyin Off
字體 Script 繁
原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition 含詞賦 With rhapsody

尋救八戒 Bajie Found Bound

那nà長zhǎng老lǎo、行xíng者zhě、沙shā僧sēng正zhèng然rán唱chàng念niàn此cǐ頌sòng,只zhǐ聽tīng得dé林lín深shēn處chù高gāo聲shēng叫jiào道dào:「師shī父fù啊a,繃běng殺shā我wǒ了le,救jiù我wǒ一yí救jiù,下xià次cì再zài不bù敢gǎn了le。」三sān藏zàng道dào:「悟wù空kōng,那nà叫jiào喚huàn的de可kě是shì悟wù能néng麼me?」沙shā僧sēng道dào:「正zhèng是shì。」行xíng者zhě道dào:「兄xiōng弟dì,莫mò睬cǎi他tā,我wǒ們men去qù罷bà。」三sān藏zàng道dào:「那nà獃dāi子zi雖suī是shì心xīn性xìng愚yú頑wán,卻què只zhǐ是shì一yí味wèi懞méng直zhí,倒dào也yě有yǒu些xiē膂lǚ力lì,挑tiāo得de行xíng李lǐ。還hái看kàn當dāng日rì菩pú薩sà之zhī念niàn,救jiù他tā隨suí我wǒ們men去qù罷bà,料liào他tā以yǐ後hòu再zài不bù敢gǎn了le。」那nà沙shā和hé尚shàng卻què捲juǎn起qǐ鋪pū蓋gài,收shōu拾shí了le擔dàn子zi;孫sūn大dà聖shèng解jiě韁jiāng牽qiān馬mǎ,引yǐn唐táng僧sēng入rù林lín尋xún看kàn。咦yí!這zhè正zhèng是shì:那nà长zhǎng老lǎo、行xíng者zhě、沙shā僧sēng正zhèng然rán唱chàng念niàn此cǐ颂sòng,只zhǐ听tīng得dé林lín深shēn处chù高gāo声shēng叫jiào道dào:「师shī父fù啊a,绷běng杀shā我wǒ了le,救jiù我wǒ一yí救jiù,下xià次cì再zài不bù敢gǎn了le。」三sān藏zàng道dào:「悟wù空kōng,那nà叫jiào唤huàn的de可kě是shì悟wù能néng么me?」沙shā僧sēng道dào:「正zhèng是shì。」行xíng者zhě道dào:「兄xiōng弟dì,莫mò睬cǎi他tā,我wǒ们men去qù罢bà。」三sān藏zàng道dào:「那nà呆dāi子zi虽suī是shì心xīn性xìng愚yú顽wán,却què只zhǐ是shì一yí味wèi蒙méng直zhí,倒dào也yě有yǒu些xiē膂lǚ力lì,挑tiāo得de行xíng李lǐ。还hái看kàn当dāng日rì菩pú萨sà之zhī念niàn,救jiù他tā随suí我wǒ们men去qù罢bà,料liào他tā以yǐ后hòu再zài不bù敢gǎn了le。」那nà沙shā和hé尚shàng却què卷juǎn起qǐ铺pū盖gài,收shōu拾shí了le担dàn子zi;孙sūn大dà圣shèng解jiě缰jiāng牵qiān马mǎ,引yǐn唐táng僧sēng入rù林lín寻xún看kàn。咦yí!这zhè正zhèng是shì:

從cóng正zhèng修xiū持chí須xū謹jǐn慎shèn,掃sǎo除chú愛ài慾yù自zì歸guī真zhēn。从cóng正zhèng修xiū持chí须xū谨jǐn慎shèn,扫sǎo除chú爱ài欲yù自zì归guī真zhēn。

逐句解 Line by line

那nà長zhǎng老lǎo、行xíng者zhě、沙shā僧sēng正zhèng然rán唱chàng念niàn此cǐ頌sòng,只zhǐ聽tīng得dé林lín深shēn處chù高gāo聲shēng叫jiào道dào:「師shī父fù啊a,繃běng殺shā我wǒ了le,救jiù我wǒ一yí救jiù,下xià次cì再zài不bù敢gǎn了le。」 那nà长zhǎng老lǎo、行xíng者zhě、沙shā僧sēng正zhèng然rán唱chàng念niàn此cǐ颂sòng,只zhǐ听tīng得dé林lín深shēn处chù高gāo声shēng叫jiào道dào:「师shī父fù啊a,绷běng杀shā我wǒ了le,救jiù我wǒ一yí救jiù,下xià次cì再zài不bù敢gǎn了le。」

As the elder, Pilgrim, and Sha Monk were chanting over this gatha, they heard from deep in the grove a loud voice crying, "Master! I'm bound to death — save me, save me; I'll never dare again."

正然唱念此頌, just then chanting this gatha, with 那 as nà, 長 as zhǎng and 行 as xíng; 只聽得 takes the light de. 繃殺我了, bound to death; 救我一救, save me, do save me — the doubled verb again, but this time it is not casual, it is a man in a hurry. And 下次再不敢了, I will never dare again, is the first honest thing he has said all chapter.

三sān藏zàng道dào:「悟wù空kōng,那nà叫jiào喚huàn的de可kě是shì悟wù能néng麼me?」 三sān藏zàng道dào:「悟wù空kōng,那nà叫jiào唤huàn的de可kě是shì悟wù能néng么me?」

Tripitaka said, "Wukong, is that one calling out Wuneng?"

那叫喚的, that one shouting, with 那 as nà. Tripitaka knows the voice perfectly well and asks anyway.

沙shā僧sēng道dào:「正zhèng是shì。」 沙shā僧sēng道dào:「正zhèng是shì。」

Sha Monk said, "The very one."

正是, the very one. Sha Monk does not elaborate.

行xíng者zhě道dào:「兄xiōng弟dì,莫mò睬cǎi他tā,我wǒ們men去qù罷bà。」 行xíng者zhě道dào:「兄xiōng弟dì,莫mò睬cǎi他tā,我wǒ们men去qù罢bà。」

Pilgrim said, "Brother, pay him no mind — let's be off."

莫睬他, pay him no mind. Wukong's first instinct is to walk on and leave him hanging, and he says so without embarrassment.

三sān藏zàng道dào:「那nà獃dāi子zi雖suī是shì心xīn性xìng愚yú頑wán,卻què只zhǐ是shì一yí味wèi懞méng直zhí,倒dào也yě有yǒu些xiē膂lǚ力lì,挑tiāo得de行xíng李lǐ。 三sān藏zàng道dào:「那nà呆dāi子zi虽suī是shì心xīn性xìng愚yú顽wán,却què只zhǐ是shì一yí味wèi蒙méng直zhí,倒dào也yě有yǒu些xiē膂lǚ力lì,挑tiāo得de行xíng李lǐ。

Tripitaka said, "That blockhead, foolish and stubborn though he is, is yet honest through and through, and has some strength besides — he can shoulder the loads."

一味懞直, simple and straight all the way through, with 一 as yí. 挑得行李, can carry the baggage, takes the potential de and 行 as xíng. The defence is not flattering — foolish, stubborn, but honest, and strong enough to be useful — and it is the more affecting for that.

還hái看kàn當dāng日rì菩pú薩sà之zhī念niàn,救jiù他tā隨suí我wǒ們men去qù罷bà,料liào他tā以yǐ後hòu再zài不bù敢gǎn了le。」 还hái看kàn当dāng日rì菩pú萨sà之zhī念niàn,救jiù他tā随suí我wǒ们men去qù罢bà,料liào他tā以yǐ后hòu再zài不bù敢gǎn了le。」

"And in view of the bodhisattvas' kindness that day, let us save him and let him follow along; surely he won't dare so again."

還看當日菩薩之念, still regarding the bodhisattvas' intent of that day, takes 還 as hái, and 當日 reads 當 as dāng, at that time — the only place in the whole chapter where the character takes that reading, against twelve occurrences of dàng. The mercy that framed the trial is the reason Tripitaka gives for extending mercy himself.

那nà沙shā和hé尚shàng卻què捲juǎn起qǐ鋪pū蓋gài,收shōu拾shí了le擔dàn子zi;孫sūn大dà聖shèng解jiě韁jiāng牽qiān馬mǎ,引yǐn唐táng僧sēng入rù林lín尋xún看kàn。 那nà沙shā和hé尚shàng却què卷juǎn起qǐ铺pū盖gài,收shōu拾shí了le担dàn子zi;孙sūn大dà圣shèng解jiě缰jiāng牵qiān马mǎ,引yǐn唐táng僧sēng入rù林lín寻xún看kàn。

So Sha Monk rolled up the bedding and gathered the loads; the Great Sage loosed the reins and led the horse, guiding the Tang Monk into the grove to search.

捲起鋪蓋, rolled up the bedding, with 鋪 as pū; 收拾了擔子, packed the loads, with 擔 as the noun dàn and 子 as the light suffix zi; 那 as nà. 解韁牽馬, untied the tether and led the horse. They strike camp and go to look for him.

咦yí! 咦yí!

Ah!

The storyteller's 咦 again, turning the ear toward the closing couplet.

這zhè正zhèng是shì: 这zhè正zhèng是shì:

This is just what is meant by:

這正是, this is precisely — the formula that always means a couplet is coming, and that the chapter is about to stop.

從cóng正zhèng修xiū持chí須xū謹jǐn慎shèn,掃sǎo除chú愛ài慾yù自zì歸guī真zhēn。 从cóng正zhèng修xiū持chí须xū谨jǐn慎shèn,扫sǎo除chú爱ài欲yù自zì归guī真zhēn。

In following the true path, cultivate with care; / sweep away lust and desire, and of itself the self returns to truth.

從正修持須謹慎, in following the true path one must be careful, with 從 as cóng and 正 as zhèng. 掃除愛慾自歸真, sweep away craving and desire and the true nature comes back of itself. That last 自 is the load-bearing word: nothing has to be added, only cleared away.


總評 Commentary

The recitation is interrupted by a voice from deep in the grove — bound to death, begging rescue, swearing he will never dare again. Tripitaka recognises it and Sha Monk confirms it, and Wukong, true to form, would rather leave him tied up and get on the road.

Tripitaka's judgment is the moral centre of the passage, and it is not sentimental. He weighs Bajie honestly: foolish, stubborn, but honest all the way through and strong enough to carry the loads. Then he invokes the bodhisattvas' kindness of the day before — the mercy that framed the entire trial — and decides to free him. Compassion settles it, not contempt, and the pilgrims break camp to go and look.

The chapter closes on its moral in a couplet: in true cultivation one must be careful, and only by sweeping away craving does the true nature return of itself. That is the whole 四聖試禪心 episode distilled into fourteen characters — the road to enlightenment is lined with temptations that are also examinations, and mastering desire is the pilgrim's first and permanent task.