Canonical Classics ← 第二十三回
第二十三回
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Tripitaka Does Not Forget His Origin · The Four Saints Test the Meditative Heart

天晚安歇
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原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

天晚安歇 Shelter at Nightfall

zhèngzǒuchùjuétiānwǎnsānzàngdào:「jīntiānyòuwǎnquèwǎngānxiē?」xíngzhědào:「shīshuōhuàchàlechūjiāréncānfēng宿shuǐyuèmiánshuāngsuíchùshìjiāyòuwènānxiē?」zhūjièdào:「azhīdàozǒuqīngshěngguǎnbiérénlèizhuìguòleliúshāzhèxiàngshānguòlǐngshēntiāozhezhòngdānlǎonánāishìxúnrénjiāhuàxiēcháfànèryǎngyǎngjīngshéncáishìdào。」xíngzhědào:「dāizizhèbānyányǒubàoyuànzhīxīnháixiàngzàigāolǎozhuānglǎnqiúdezàikǒngnéngshìbǐngzhèngshāménshìyàochīxīnshòucáizuòdeli。」zhèngzǒuchùjuétiānwǎnsānzàngdào:「jīntiānyòuwǎnquèwǎngānxiē?」xíngzhědào:「shīshuōhuàchàlechūjiāréncānfēng宿shuǐyuèmiánshuāngsuíchùshìjiāyòuwènānxiē?」zhūjièdào:「azhīdàozǒuqīngshěngguǎnbiérénlèizhuìguòleliúshāzhèxiàngshānguòlǐngshēntiāozhezhòngdānlǎonánāishìxúnrénjiāhuàxiēcháfànèryǎngyǎngjīngshéncáishìdào。」xíngzhědào:「dāizizhèbānyányǒubàoyuànzhīxīnháixiàngzàigāolǎozhuānglǎnqiúdezàikǒngnéngshìbǐngzhèngshāménshìyàochīxīnshòucáizuòdeli。」


逐句解 Line by line

zhèngzǒuchùjuétiānwǎn zhèngzǒuchùjuétiānwǎn

Just as they were pressing on, before they knew it evening had fallen.

A short hinge, turning the scenery back into a story: 正走處, just as they were walking along.

sānzàngdào:「jīntiānyòuwǎnquèwǎngānxiē?」 sānzàngdào:「jīntiānyòuwǎnquèwǎngānxiē?」

Sanzang said, "Disciples, the sky darkens once again — where are we to go and rest?"

In 那裡, meaning where, the is the question-word rather than the pointing — the same two characters, two jobs, and this chapter uses both dozens of times. 安歇 is to put up for the night.

xíngzhědào:「shīshuōhuàchàle xíngzhědào:「shīshuōhuàchàle

Pilgrim said, "Master, you speak amiss.

說話差了, you have spoken wrongly, with as chà, to be off, to err.

chūjiāréncānfēng宿shuǐyuèmiánshuāngsuíchùshìjiā chūjiāréncānfēng宿shuǐyuèmiánshuāngsuíchùshìjiā

One who has left the household feeds on the wind and lodges by the water, sleeps beneath the moon and beds down in the frost — everywhere is home.

Wukong answers with a string of set phrases about homelessness: 餐風宿水 and 臥月眠霜, dine on wind and lodge by water, lie under the moon and bed down in frost. 隨處是家, everywhere is home, is the motto they add up to — and a sharp jab at a disciple who has just started pining for a roof.

yòuwènānxiē?」 yòuwènānxiē?」

Why, then, ask where we shall lodge?"

何也, why so? And 那裡 is once more the question-word .

zhūjièdào:「azhīdàozǒuqīngshěngguǎnbiérénlèizhuì zhūjièdào:「azhīdàozǒuqīngshěngguǎnbiérénlèizhuì

Zhu Bajie said, "Brother — do you know how light your own travelling is? What do you care for another's weary burden?

Bajie's reply is the complaint of a man carrying the bags for somebody who is not. 輕省 (qīng shěng) is travelling light and easy; 那裡管, as if you would care, is the of rhetorical questions, again; 累墜 is the drag of a heavy load on a body.

guòleliúshāzhèxiàngshānguòlǐngshēntiāozhezhòngdānlǎonánāi guòleliúshāzhèxiàngshānguòlǐngshēntiāozhezhòngdānlǎonánāi

Ever since we crossed the Flowing-Sands River, all this while it has been climbing mountains and crossing ridges, my body shouldering the heavy load — hard, so hard to bear!

一向 is all this while. In 挑著 the is the little zhe that keeps an action running — shouldering, and going on shouldering. 重擔, the heavy load, takes as zhòng; 老大 is a colloquial intensifier, greatly, mightily; 難挨 is hard to endure.

shìxúnrénjiāhuàxiēcháfànèryǎngyǎngjīngshéncáishìdào。」 shìxúnrénjiāhuàxiēcháfànèryǎngyǎngjīngshéncáishìdào。」

We really must find a household: first, to beg a little tea and rice; second, to restore our spirits — that would be the sensible course."

化些茶飯 is the monk's word for begging alms. Bajie lays his case out in numbered points, 一則 and then 二則, like a man presenting a budget. Keep an eye on what he is asking for: the 人家, the household, is about to appear on cue, and it is a trap.

xíngzhědào:「dāizizhèbānyányǒubàoyuànzhīxīn xíngzhědào:「dāizizhèbānyányǒubàoyuànzhīxīn

Pilgrim said, "Idiot! Talk like this sounds like a grumbling, resentful heart.

獃子, blockhead, is what Wukong calls Bajie roughly every time he opens his mouth. 似有 uses (), to seem; 報怨 here stands for 抱怨, to nurse a grievance.

háixiàngzàigāolǎozhuānglǎnqiúdezàikǒngnéng háixiàngzàigāolǎozhuānglǎnqiúdezàikǒngnéng

Still hankering after the idle ease of Gao Village — shirking effort, seeking no blessing — that, I fear, will not do.

is hái, still. 高老莊, Gao Village, is where Bajie had settled down as a live-in son-in-law until Wukong hauled him out of it five chapters back; naming it is a low blow, and an accurate one. 倚懶 is to lean on your own laziness, and 不求福 to chase no merit at all.

shìbǐngzhèngshāménshìyàochīxīnshòucáizuòdeli。」 shìbǐngzhèngshāménshìyàochīxīnshòucáizuòdeli。」

Now that you are a monk who holds to the right, you must eat bitterness and bear hardship — only so do you make a true disciple!"

沙門 is śramaṇa, a Buddhist mendicant; 秉正 is to hold to the orthodox. In 做得徒弟 the is the structural de of managing to be something, not the verb , to get.


總評 Commentary

The chapter's comic engine starts here, in the friction between what Bajie's body wants and what Wukong's doctrine demands. Bajie complains entirely in the flesh — the weight of the pack, the endless ridges, no tea and no rice. Wukong answers entirely from the rule book: a real monk is at home anywhere and seeks hardship on purpose. That argument, flesh against spirit, is the one this novel never stops having.

The passage is thick with the vocabulary of having no home — dine on wind, sleep in frost, everywhere is home, hold to the orthodox — all of it praising the man who owns nothing and belongs nowhere. Against that, Bajie pleads the memory of Gao Village and the comfortable life he lost there. This is not idle. The trial about to be set for these four is a household, a wife, and a life of ease: exactly the thing Bajie has just been caught wishing for, out loud, in front of witnesses.

Two readings anchor the scene: the question-word () that keeps recurring in 那裡 and 那裡管, and the structural (de) of managing-to-be in 做得徒弟. And the irony is laid on with a trowel: Bajie asks for a household to shelter in, and the story is about to hand him one built specifically to expose him.