The Heavenly King came to his senses at last, set down the precious pagoda, and went with his own hands to untie Pilgrim.

省悟 is to wake up to something, to have it come clear — and putting the pagoda down is the part that matters. He is no longer afraid of his son, which means he has understood.

Pilgrim promptly started playing up. "Who dares untie me?

放起刁來 is to start being awkward on purpose, to turn difficult — and 刁 is the character for a wily, obstructive sort of person. The moment his captor concedes, Pilgrim refuses to be released, which is the funniest reversal in the chapter. 那 is nǎ, the questioning one — who.

If you want anything, carry me before the throne rope and all. That is how old Monkey wins his lawsuit."

官事 is a lawsuit, government business as it touches a private person, and 贏 is plainly to win. He has grasped the point of evidence: a plaintiff who arrives in court still tied up has already made his case. 擡 is to carry between two people, the word for a sedan chair — he is asking to be transported like furniture.

It so flustered the Heavenly King that his hands went weak, the prince had nothing to say, and the household generals shrank back in confusion.

慌得 puts 得 at de, the toneless join between a state and its effect: flustered, and flustered to the point of weak hands. 將 is jiàng here, a general — 眾家將 is the household's own officers — the Mighty Spirit God and his two colleagues, who did the tying earlier in the scene. 委委 is doubled to make them shuffle.