Canonical Classics ← 第六十二回
第六十二回
滌dí垢gòu洗xǐ心xīn惟wéi掃sǎo塔tǎ
縛fù魔mó歸guī主zhǔ乃nǎi修xiū身shēn

Washing the Filth and Cleansing the Heart Is Only Sweeping the Pagoda · Binding the Fiend and Returning to the Master Is Cultivating the Self

灰冷花殘
模式 Mode Read Study
拼音 Pinyin Off
字體 Script 繁
原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition 含詞賦 With rhapsody

灰冷花殘 Cold Ash And Fallen Flowers

師shī徒tú們men進jìn得de門mén來lái觀guān看kàn,但dàn見jiàn那nà:师shī徒tú们men进jìn得de门mén来lái观guān看kàn,但dàn见jiàn那nà:

古gǔ殿diàn香xiāng燈dēng冷lěng,虛xū廊láng葉yè掃sǎo風fēng。古gǔ殿diàn香xiāng灯dēng冷lěng,虚xū廊láng叶yè扫sǎo风fēng。
凌líng雲yún千qiān尺chǐ塔tǎ,養yǎng性xìng幾jǐ株zhū松sōng。凌líng云yún千qiān尺chǐ塔tǎ,养yǎng性xìng几jǐ株zhū松sōng。
滿mǎn地dì落luò花huā無wú客kè過guò,簷yán前qián蛛zhū網wǎng任rèn攀pān籠lóng。满mǎn地dì落luò花huā无wú客kè过guò,簷yán前qián蛛zhū网wǎng任rèn攀pān笼lóng。
空kōng架jià鼓gǔ,枉wǎng懸xuán鐘zhōng,繪huì壁bì塵chén多duō彩cǎi像xiàng朦méng。空kōng架jià鼓gǔ,枉wǎng悬xuán钟zhōng,绘huì壁bì尘chén多duō彩cǎi像xiàng朦méng。
講jiǎng座zuò幽yōu然rán僧sēng不bú見jiàn,禪chán堂táng靜jìng矣yǐ鳥niǎo常cháng逢féng。讲jiǎng座zuò幽yōu然rán僧sēng不bú见jiàn,禅chán堂táng静jìng矣yǐ鸟niǎo常cháng逢féng。
淒qī涼liáng堪kān歎tàn息xī,寂jì寞mò苦kǔ無wú窮qióng。凄qī凉liáng堪kān叹tàn息xī,寂jì寞mò苦kǔ无wú穷qióng。
佛fó前qián雖suī有yǒu香xiāng爐lú設shè,灰huī冷lěng花huā殘cán事shì事shì空kōng。佛fó前qián虽suī有yǒu香xiāng炉lú设shè,灰huī冷lěng花huā残cán事shì事shì空kōng。

逐句解 Line by line

師shī徒tú們men進jìn得de門mén來lái觀guān看kàn,但dàn見jiàn那nà: 师shī徒tú们men进jìn得de门mén来lái观guān看kàn,但dàn见jiàn那nà:

Master and disciples came in at the gate and looked about them, and this is what they saw:

進得門來 is a come-in-through frame and its 得 is the light linking de. Nothing is obtained here: the gate is passed through, not got hold of, which is what separates this from something like 求得扇子來, where the fan really is come by. The test settles it — turn the frame negative and you get 進不得門, and that shape takes de everywhere in this project. The announcement 但見那:, and what they saw was, is printed as part of the same run, so this line opens the description.

古gǔ殿diàn香xiāng燈dēng冷lěng,虛xū廊láng葉yè掃sǎo風fēng。 古gǔ殿diàn香xiāng灯dēng冷lěng,虚xū廊láng叶yè扫sǎo风fēng。

In the old hall the incense-lamp is cold; down the empty gallery leaves sweep in the wind.

Here is the character of the chapter title making its first appearance in the text, and it is used of leaves blowing along a corridor long before anybody picks up a broom. 掃, to sweep.

凌líng雲yún千qiān尺chǐ塔tǎ,養yǎng性xìng幾jǐ株zhū松sōng。 凌líng云yún千qiān尺chǐ塔tǎ,养yǎng性xìng几jǐ株zhū松sōng。

A pagoda of a thousand chǐ piercing the cloud; a few pines nurturing their nature.

The 尺 chǐ is the Chinese foot, roughly a third of a metre; a thousand of them is a way of saying very tall indeed and not a measurement. 養性 is a Daoist term for cultivating your inner nature, applied here to the pines — which are doing precisely what the absent monks are not.

滿mǎn地dì落luò花huā無wú客kè過guò,簷yán前qián蛛zhū網wǎng任rèn攀pān籠lóng。 满mǎn地dì落luò花huā无wú客kè过guò,簷yán前qián蛛zhū网wǎng任rèn攀pān笼lóng。

Fallen blossom covers the ground and no visitor passes; before the eaves the spiders' webs are left to climb and cage as they please.

無客過, no visitor passes, is the whole complaint of the poem in three characters. A temple with no visitors has no offerings and no reason to be swept.

空kōng架jià鼓gǔ,枉wǎng懸xuán鐘zhōng,繪huì壁bì塵chén多duō彩cǎi像xiàng朦méng。 空kōng架jià鼓gǔ,枉wǎng悬xuán钟zhōng,绘huì壁bì尘chén多duō彩cǎi像xiàng朦méng。

The drum is mounted to no purpose, the bell hung in vain; dust lies thick on the painted walls and the coloured images are dim.

空 and 枉 are a matched pair, emptily and vainly. Drum and bell are the instruments that call a monastery to its hours, so a drum mounted for nothing is a community that has stopped keeping time.

講jiǎng座zuò幽yōu然rán僧sēng不bú見jiàn,禪chán堂táng靜jìng矣yǐ鳥niǎo常cháng逢féng。 讲jiǎng座zuò幽yōu然rán僧sēng不bú见jiàn,禅chán堂táng静jìng矣yǐ鸟niǎo常cháng逢féng。

The lecture-seat stands in shadow and no monk is to be seen; the meditation hall is silent, and birds are often met with there.

講座 is the raised seat the dharma is expounded from, 禪堂 the hall where the community sits. Both are named by their function and then reported empty, and the birds in the meditation hall are the sharpest touch in the poem.

淒qī涼liáng堪kān歎tàn息xī,寂jì寞mò苦kǔ無wú窮qióng。 凄qī凉liáng堪kān叹tàn息xī,寂jì寞mò苦kǔ无wú穷qióng。

Desolation enough to sigh over; a loneliness whose bitterness has no end.

The only couplet that states a feeling rather than describing a thing, and it is placed second from last so that the closing couplet can go back to the objects.

佛fó前qián雖suī有yǒu香xiāng爐lú設shè,灰huī冷lěng花huā殘cán事shì事shì空kōng。 佛fó前qián虽suī有yǒu香xiāng炉lú设shè,灰huī冷lěng花huā残cán事shì事shì空kōng。

Before the Buddha a censer is indeed set out; but the ash is cold, the flowers are spent, and every thing is empty.

雖 grants the censer in order to take it away again. And the last three characters carry the poem's one piece of wordplay, saved for the end: 事事空 closes on the Buddhist word for emptiness while meaning, at the plain level, that there is nothing in any of it.


總評 Commentary

This poem is the exact negative of the one seven passages back. That one described a capital in the vocabulary of dynastic praise and found everything full: markets loud, stairs clean, tribute arriving. This one describes a temple inside the same walls and finds everything empty — lamp cold, gallery bare, ground unswept, drum silent, seat dark, censer unlit.

The method never varies: name a thing by its function, then report that the function has stopped. A lecture-seat with nobody to lecture, a meditation hall with birds in it, a bell hung for nothing. Nothing is broken and nothing has been smashed. The building is intact and simply unused, which is a more disquieting picture than ruin would be.

Two details point forward. The pagoda is introduced here in a single line about height, and 掃 makes its first appearance in the chapter — of leaves blowing along a corridor. The chapter's title puts those two together, and sweeping the pagoda turns out to be what washes a heart clean. At this point the poem has shown you a tower and some unswept leaves.