Canonical Classics ← 第十八回
第十八回
觀guān音yīn院yuàn唐táng僧sēng脫tuō難nàn
高gāo老lǎo莊zhuāng大dà聖shèng除chú魔mó

At the Guanyin Temple the Tang Monk Escapes His Ordeal · At the Gao Village the Great Sage Removes the Monster

春融時節
模式 Mode Read Study
拼音 Pinyin Off
字體 Script 繁
原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition 含詞賦 With rhapsody

春融時節 Spring on the Westward Road

次cì早zǎo,方fāng刷shuā扮bàn了le馬mǎ匹pǐ,包bāo裹guǒ了le行xíng囊náng出chū門mén,眾zhòng僧sēng遠yuǎn送sòng方fāng回huí。行xíng者zhě引yǐn路lù而ér去qù,正zhèng是shì那nà春chūn融róng時shí節jié,但dàn見jiàn那nà:次cì早zǎo,方fāng刷shuā扮bàn了le马mǎ匹pǐ,包bāo裹guǒ了le行xíng囊náng出chū门mén,众zhòng僧sēng远yuǎn送sòng方fāng回huí。行xíng者zhě引yǐn路lù而ér去qù,正zhèng是shì那nà春chūn融róng时shí节jié,但dàn见jiàn那nà:

草cǎo襯chèn玉yù驄cōng蹄tí跡jì軟ruǎn,柳liǔ搖yáo金jīn線xiàn露lù華huá新xīn。草cǎo衬chèn玉yù骢cōng蹄tí迹jì软ruǎn,柳liǔ摇yáo金jīn线xiàn露lù华huá新xīn。
桃táo杏xìng滿mǎn林lín爭zhēng豔yàn麗lì,薜bì蘿luó遶rào徑jìng放fàng精jīng神shén。桃táo杏xìng满mǎn林lín争zhēng艳yàn丽lì,薜bì萝luó绕rào径jìng放fàng精jīng神shén。
沙shā堤dī日rì暖nuǎn鴛yuān鴦yāng睡shuì,山shān澗jiàn花huā香xiāng蛺jiá蝶dié馴xùn。沙shā堤dī日rì暖nuǎn鸳yuān鸯yāng睡shuì,山shān涧jiàn花huā香xiāng蛱jiá蝶dié驯xùn。
這zhè般bān秋qiū去qù冬dōng殘cán春chūn過guò半bàn,不bù知zhī何hé年nián行xíng滿mǎn得dé真zhēn文wén。这zhè般bān秋qiū去qù冬dōng残cán春chūn过guò半bàn,不bù知zhī何hé年nián行xíng满mǎn得dé真zhēn文wén。

逐句解 Line by line

次cì早zǎo,方fāng刷shuā扮bàn了le馬mǎ匹pǐ,包bāo裹guǒ了le行xíng囊náng出chū門mén,眾zhòng僧sēng遠yuǎn送sòng方fāng回huí。 次cì早zǎo,方fāng刷shuā扮bàn了le马mǎ匹pǐ,包bāo裹guǒ了le行xíng囊náng出chū门mén,众zhòng僧sēng远yuǎn送sòng方fāng回huí。

Early next morning they groomed and harnessed the horse, bundled up the baggage, and went out at the gate; the monks saw them a long way off before turning back.

刷扮 is two verbs doing two jobs: curry the horse, then dress it out in its tack. 遠送方回 — they walk the party a long way before turning back, which is the correct courtesy for a departing guest, and the last one paid by a house that has cost these travellers a great deal.

行xíng者zhě引yǐn路lù而ér去qù,正zhèng是shì那nà春chūn融róng時shí節jié,但dàn見jiàn那nà: 行xíng者zhě引yǐn路lù而ér去qù,正zhèng是shì那nà春chūn融róng时shí节jié,但dàn见jiàn那nà:

The Pilgrim led the road, and it was indeed the season when spring runs warm. Behold:

春融, spring melting, does a whole winter's work in one character; the last season the novel troubled to name was autumn, back in chapter thirteen. 但見那 is the fixed signal that a set-piece description is coming — behold. Both 那 in this line are the pointing nà, not the question word.

草cǎo襯chèn玉yù驄cōng蹄tí跡jì軟ruǎn,柳liǔ搖yáo金jīn線xiàn露lù華huá新xīn。 草cǎo衬chèn玉yù骢cōng蹄tí迹jì软ruǎn,柳liǔ摇yáo金jīn线xiàn露lù华huá新xīn。

Grass cushions the jade-grey courser, and soft is the print of his hoof; the willow shakes out its golden threads, and the dew's sheen is new.

The set-piece is a regulated seven-syllable poem, 七律, in four paired units. 玉驄 is the poets' jade-grey dapple, which here happens to be the dragon prince of chapter fifteen doing duty as a packhorse. 跡 is jì, a trace or a hoofprint; jī is the default reading and it is wrong here.

桃táo杏xìng滿mǎn林lín爭zhēng豔yàn麗lì,薜bì蘿luó遶rào徑jìng放fàng精jīng神shén。 桃táo杏xìng满mǎn林lín争zhēng艳yàn丽lì,薜bì萝luó绕rào径jìng放fàng精jīng神shén。

Peach and apricot fill the wood, contending in loveliness; the fig-vine winds along the path and puts forth its spirit.

薜蘿, bì luó, is the fig-creeper and the dodder — in the 楚辭 these are what a hermit wears instead of clothes, so the plants carry a whiff of holy poverty. 遶 is the 世德堂本's way of writing 繞, to wind about; it stands in for that character and takes its reading, rào.

沙shā堤dī日rì暖nuǎn鴛yuān鴦yāng睡shuì,山shān澗jiàn花huā香xiāng蛺jiá蝶dié馴xùn。 沙shā堤dī日rì暖nuǎn鸳yuān鸯yāng睡shuì,山shān涧jiàn花huā香xiāng蛱jiá蝶dié驯xùn。

On the sandy dyke the sun is warm, and the mandarin ducks are sleeping; in the mountain stream the flowers are fragrant, and the butterflies are tame.

馴 is xùn, tame and unafraid, not xún — a reading machines get wrong. The couplet — two lines built to match each other, image for image — is a still life of creatures with nothing to fear: ducks asleep on a warm bank, butterflies that will not startle. It sits immediately before a chapter of unmasking and headlong flight.

這zhè般bān秋qiū去qù冬dōng殘cán春chūn過guò半bàn,不bù知zhī何hé年nián行xíng滿mǎn得dé真zhēn文wén。 这zhè般bān秋qiū去qù冬dōng残cán春chūn过guò半bàn,不bù知zhī何hé年nián行xíng满mǎn得dé真zhēn文wén。

Thus autumn goes, winter wanes, and spring is half over — yet who knows in what year the journey shall be full and the true scriptures had?

The closing unit stretches from seven characters to nine, and you can hear the narrator's own voice pushing into the scene. 行滿 is a term of art from Daoist practice: the quota of merit filled up. The journey ends not when the miles run out but when the credit does. 得 is dé, to obtain. Three seasons have gone by, and the pilgrims are still in the borderlands.


總評 Commentary

The poem does the work the prose refuses to do. A winter and half a spring pass between the burning of Black Wind Mountain and the arrival at Gao Village, and the novel gives that stretch four couplets and the phrase 五七日荒路, five or seven days of wild road. The compression is typical: the pilgrimage's fourteen years survive as a string of episodes with unmeasured gaps between them.

Then the last unit takes back everything the first three offered. Warm sun, sleeping ducks, tame butterflies — and the poem turns on 不知何年, who knows what year. The reader is being reminded that this is chapter eighteen of a hundred, and that Sanzang has so far collected exactly one disciple.