Canonical Classics ← 第十八回
第十八回
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At the Guanyin Temple the Tang Monk Escapes His Ordeal · At the Gao Village the Great Sage Removes the Monster

剪草除根
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原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

剪草除根 Cut the Grass and Root It Out

zǒuláikànjiàngāolǎochězhùbàotóuxíngzhědào:「qiěqiěwènyāoguàiwǎngle?」dào:「zhīwǎngzhèxiēshítiānmíngjiùfāngláiyúnyúnwǎnghuízhīsuǒyīnshìxiǎoqīnyào退tuìchángchángfángbèihūnláizhāo。」xíngzhědào:「xiāoshuōlelǎoerdàilìngàiwǎngqiánbiānzháimànmàndekuòrànglǎosūnzàiděngruòláiquèguàiruòláiledìngjiǎncǎochúgēn。」lǎogāohuānhuāndeérdàijiāngqiánzǒuláikànjiàngāolǎochězhùbàotóuxíngzhědào:「qiěqiěwènyāoguàiwǎngle?」dào:「zhīwǎngzhèxiēshítiānmíngjiùfāngláiyúnyúnwǎnghuízhīsuǒyīnshìxiǎoqīnyào退tuìchángchángfángbèihūnláizhāo。」xíngzhědào:「xiāoshuōlelǎoerdàilìngàiwǎngqiánbiānzháimànmàndekuòrànglǎosūnzàiděngruòláiquèguàiruòláiledìngjiǎncǎochúgēn。」lǎogāohuānhuāndeérdàijiāngqián


逐句解 Line by line

zǒuláikànjiàngāolǎochězhùbàotóu zǒuláikànjiàngāolǎochězhùbàotóu

She came out, saw Old Gao, caught hold of him, and clung to his neck weeping.

抱頭大哭, to clasp the head and weep aloud, is the fixed phrase for a reunion after long parting. Note that the girl is given no words at all until the Pilgrim has told her to stop crying.

xíngzhědào:「qiěqiěwènyāoguàiwǎngle?」 xíngzhědào:「qiěqiěwènyāoguàiwǎngle?」

The Pilgrim said, "Do not weep, do not weep. Tell me — where has the monster gone?"

here is the question word, . The Pilgrim's comfort runs to one line — 且莫哭且莫哭 — and then he wants information.

dào:「zhīwǎngzhèxiēshítiānmíngjiùfānglái dào:「zhīwǎngzhèxiēshítiānmíngjiùfānglái

The girl said, "I do not know where he goes. These days he leaves at daybreak and comes back at nightfall.

Her answer is the whole of what she knows, and it is a farm-hand's timetable: out at first light, back after dark. She has never seen him hunt or fly.

yúnyúnwǎnghuízhīsuǒyīnshìxiǎoqīnyào退tuì yúnyúnwǎnghuízhīsuǒyīnshìxiǎoqīnyào退tuì

He goes in cloud and mist, and I know nothing of where he goes or whence he returns. Because he knows my father would be rid of him,

往回不知何所: she does not know the direction he comes from or goes to. 曉得 takes as the unstressed de. 祛退 is to drive a spirit off by ritual.

chángchángfángbèihūnláizhāo。」 chángchángfángbèihūnláizhāo。」

he is always on his guard; and so he comes at dusk and goes at dawn."

昏來朝去: is zhāo, dawn, not cháo, court. Now set it against her father's 昏去明來 in the earlier interview. The two accounts are exact mirror images of each other, and they cannot both be true.

xíngzhědào:「xiāoshuōlelǎoerdàilìngàiwǎngqiánbiānzháimànmàndekuòrànglǎosūnzàiděng xíngzhědào:「xiāoshuōlelǎoerdàilìngàiwǎngqiánbiānzháimànmàndekuòrànglǎosūnzàiděng

The Pilgrim said, "Enough said. Old man, take your daughter to the front of the house and talk with her at leisure, and let old Sun wait for him here.

不消說了 is no need to say more. 令愛, your honoured love, is the polite way of saying your daughter. 敘闊 is to talk over a long separation — literally, to lay out the distance between you.

ruòláiquèguàiruòláiledìngjiǎncǎochúgēn。」 ruòláiquèguàiruòláiledìngjiǎncǎochúgēn。」

If he does not come, do not blame me; but if he comes, I shall cut the grass and root it out for you."

剪草除根, cut the grass and dig out the root, takes Squire Gao's 除了根 and lifts it into a proverb — one still in daily use, and still meaning finish the job so thoroughly it cannot come back. Whether the Pilgrim intends to kill the monster or merely to promise it is left, deliberately, unresolved.

lǎogāohuānhuāndeérdàijiāngqián lǎogāohuānhuāndeérdàijiāngqián

So Old Gao, in great good humour, took his daughter away with him to the front.

帶將前去: here is a verbal complement, jiāng, doing grammatical rather than lexical work. 歡歡喜喜 doubles both its characters into the old man's delight — set, by the narrator, right beside a daughter who has just been described as barely able to speak.


總評 Commentary

Two accounts of the monster's hours now stand side by side. Squire Gao said 昏去明來, out at dusk and home at dawn, and offered it as evidence of diligence. His daughter says 昏來朝去, home at dusk and out at dawn, and explains it as watchfulness against exorcists. The novel does not reconcile them. The father is describing a labourer; the daughter is describing a husband who keeps regular hours and is frightened.

Of Kingfisher Orchid we learn nothing else. She weeps, she answers a question, and she is led away by a father in 歡歡喜喜 spirits. The 世德堂本 gives her fifty-six characters of speech in the whole chapter, and every one of them is testimony against her husband. What she wants is never asked.