第十四回 · 六賊自陳 The Six Senses Named — Journey to the West

原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

六賊自陳 The Six Senses Named

行xíng者zhě的de膽dǎn量liàng原yuán大dà，那nǎ容róng分fēn說shuō，走zǒu上shàng前qián來lái，叉chā手shǒu當dāng胸xiōng，對duì那nà六liù個gè人rén施shī禮lǐ道dào：「列liè位wèi有yǒu甚shén麼me緣yuán故gù，阻zǔ我wǒ貧pín僧sēng的de去qù路lù？」那nà人rén道dào：「我wǒ等děng是shì剪jiǎn徑jìng的de大dà王wáng，行xíng好hǎo心xīn的de山shān主zhǔ。大dà名míng久jiǔ播bō，你nǐ量liàng不bù知zhī。早zǎo早zǎo的de留liú下xià東dōng西xī，放fàng你nǐ過guò去qù；若ruò道dào半bàn個gè『不bú』字zì，教jiào你nǐ碎suì屍shī粉fěn骨gǔ。」行xíng者zhě道dào：「我wǒ也yě是shì祖zǔ傳chuán的de大dà王wáng，積jī年nián的de山shān主zhǔ，卻què不bù曾céng聞wén得de列liè位wèi有yǒu甚shén大dà名míng。」那nà人rén道dào：「你nǐ是shì不bù知zhī，我wǒ說shuō與yǔ你nǐ聽tīng：一yí個gè喚huàn做zuò眼yǎn看kàn喜xǐ，一yí個gè喚huàn做zuò耳ěr聽tīng怒nù，一yí個gè喚huàn做zuò鼻bí嗅xiù愛ài，一yí個gè喚huàn作zuò舌shé嘗cháng思sī，一yí個gè喚huàn作zuò意yì見jiàn慾yù，一yí個gè喚huàn作zuò身shēn本běn憂yōu。」悟wù空kōng笑xiào道dào：「原yuán來lái是shì六liù個gè毛máo賊zéi。你nǐ卻què不bú認rèn得de我wǒ這zhè出chū家jiā人rén是shì你nǐ的de主zhǔ人rén公gōng，你nǐ倒dào來lái擋dǎng路lù。把bǎ那nà打dǎ劫jié的de珍zhēn寶bǎo拿ná出chū來lái，我wǒ與yǔ你nǐ作zuò七qī分fēn兒ér均jūn分fēn，饒ráo了le你nǐ罷bà。」行xíng者zhě的de胆dǎn量liàng原yuán大dà，那nǎ容róng分fēn说shuō，走zǒu上shàng前qián来lái，叉chā手shǒu当dāng胸xiōng，对duì那nà六liù个gè人rén施shī礼lǐ道dào：「列liè位wèi有yǒu甚shén么me缘yuán故gù，阻zǔ我wǒ贫pín僧sēng的de去qù路lù？」那nà人rén道dào：「我wǒ等děng是shì剪jiǎn径jìng的de大dà王wáng，行xíng好hǎo心xīn的de山shān主zhǔ。大dà名míng久jiǔ播bō，你nǐ量liàng不bù知zhī。早zǎo早zǎo的de留liú下xià东dōng西xī，放fàng你nǐ过guò去qù；若ruò道dào半bàn个gè『不bú』字zì，教jiào你nǐ碎suì尸shī粉fěn骨gǔ。」行xíng者zhě道dào：「我wǒ也yě是shì祖zǔ传chuán的de大dà王wáng，积jī年nián的de山shān主zhǔ，却què不bù曾céng闻wén得de列liè位wèi有yǒu甚shén大dà名míng。」那nà人rén道dào：「你nǐ是shì不bù知zhī，我wǒ说shuō与yǔ你nǐ听tīng：一yí个gè唤huàn做zuò眼yǎn看kàn喜xǐ，一yí个gè唤huàn做zuò耳ěr听tīng怒nù，一yí个gè唤huàn做zuò鼻bí嗅xiù爱ài，一yí个gè唤huàn作zuò舌shé尝cháng思sī，一yí个gè唤huàn作zuò意yì见jiàn欲yù，一yí个gè唤huàn作zuò身shēn本běn忧yōu。」悟wù空kōng笑xiào道dào：「原yuán来lái是shì六liù个gè毛máo贼zéi。你nǐ却què不bú认rèn得de我wǒ这zhè出chū家jiā人rén是shì你nǐ的de主zhǔ人rén公gōng，你nǐ倒dào来lái挡dǎng路lù。把bǎ那nà打dǎ劫jié的de珍zhēn宝bǎo拿ná出chū来lái，我wǒ与yǔ你nǐ作zuò七qī分fēn儿ér均jūn分fēn，饶ráo了le你nǐ罢bà。」

逐句解 Line by line

行xíng者zhě的de膽dǎn量liàng原yuán大dà，那nǎ容róng分fēn說shuō，走zǒu上shàng前qián來lái，叉chā手shǒu當dāng胸xiōng，對duì那nà六liù個gè人rén施shī禮lǐ道dào：行xíng者zhě的de胆dǎn量liàng原yuán大dà，那nǎ容róng分fēn说shuō，走zǒu上shàng前qián来lái，叉chā手shǒu当dāng胸xiōng，对duì那nà六liù个gè人rén施shī礼lǐ道dào：

The Pilgrim, bold by nature, would brook no discussion; he stepped forward, folded his hands at his breast, and made a bow to the six men, saying:

Wukong's courage brooks no parley. 那容分說 ("would not allow discussion") reads 那 as the rhetorical nǎ ("how would he tolerate"); 對那六個人 reads the second 那 as demonstrative nà. His folded-hands bow is mock-courtesy.

「列liè位wèi有yǒu甚shén麼me緣yuán故gù，阻zǔ我wǒ貧pín僧sēng的de去qù路lù？」「列liè位wèi有yǒu甚shén么me缘yuán故gù，阻zǔ我wǒ贫pín僧sēng的de去qù路lù？」

"Sirs, what is the reason you block the road of this poor monk?"

The polite form of the question — 列位, "you sirs" — sharpens the comedy against what follows. 甚麼 reads 甚 as shén.

那nà人rén道dào：「我wǒ等děng是shì剪jiǎn徑jìng的de大dà王wáng，行xíng好hǎo心xīn的de山shān主zhǔ。那nà人rén道dào：「我wǒ等děng是shì剪jiǎn径jìng的de大dà王wáng，行xíng好hǎo心xīn的de山shān主zhǔ。

The men said, "We are the great kings who cut the highways, the mountain lords of generous heart.

The robbers' boast is stock highwayman's bombast: self-styled "great kings" and "mountain lords." 那人 reads 那 as nà; 行好心 reads 行 as xíng.

大dà名míng久jiǔ播bō，你nǐ量liàng不bù知zhī。大dà名míng久jiǔ播bō，你nǐ量liàng不bù知zhī。

Our great names have long been noised abroad — you must not have heard.

They claim a universal fame. 你量不知 ("you surely do not know") uses 量 in the sense "to presume," read liàng.

早zǎo早zǎo的de留liú下xià東dōng西xī，放fàng你nǐ過guò去qù；若ruò道dào半bàn個gè『不bú』字zì，教jiào你nǐ碎suì屍shī粉fěn骨gǔ。」早zǎo早zǎo的de留liú下xià东dōng西xī，放fàng你nǐ过guò去qù；若ruò道dào半bàn个gè『不bú』字zì，教jiào你nǐ碎suì尸shī粉fěn骨gǔ。」

Set down your goods at once and we will let you pass; but say so much as half a 'no,' and we will grind you to bone and pulp."

The threat — hand over your goods or be ground to pulp — is delivered in ringing four-character phrases. 教你 ("make you") reads 教 as jiào.

行xíng者zhě道dào：「我wǒ也yě是shì祖zǔ傳chuán的de大dà王wáng，積jī年nián的de山shān主zhǔ，卻què不bù曾céng聞wén得de列liè位wèi有yǒu甚shén大dà名míng。」行xíng者zhě道dào：「我wǒ也yě是shì祖zǔ传chuán的de大dà王wáng，积jī年nián的de山shān主zhǔ，却què不bù曾céng闻wén得de列liè位wèi有yǒu甚shén大dà名míng。」

The Pilgrim said, "I too am a great king by inheritance, a mountain lord of many years' standing — yet I have never heard that you sirs had any great names."

Wukong answers boast with boast, claiming a grander banditry of his own — and needling that their fame has not reached him. 聞得 takes 得 as de; 有甚大名 reads 甚 as shén.

那nà人rén道dào：「你nǐ是shì不bù知zhī，我wǒ說shuō與yǔ你nǐ聽tīng：那nà人rén道dào：「你nǐ是shì不bù知zhī，我wǒ说shuō与yǔ你nǐ听tīng：

The men said, "You do not know them; then let me tell you, and hear:

The robbers offer to name themselves — the cue for the passage's allegorical heart.

一yí個gè喚huàn做zuò眼yǎn看kàn喜xǐ，一yí個gè喚huàn做zuò耳ěr聽tīng怒nù，一yí個gè喚huàn做zuò鼻bí嗅xiù愛ài，一yí個gè喚huàn作zuò舌shé嘗cháng思sī，一yí個gè喚huàn作zuò意yì見jiàn慾yù，一yí個gè喚huàn作zuò身shēn本běn憂yōu。」一yí个gè唤huàn做zuò眼yǎn看kàn喜xǐ，一yí个gè唤huàn做zuò耳ěr听tīng怒nù，一yí个gè唤huàn做zuò鼻bí嗅xiù爱ài，一yí个gè唤huàn作zuò舌shé尝cháng思sī，一yí个gè唤huàn作zuò意yì见jiàn欲yù，一yí个gè唤huàn作zuò身shēn本běn忧yōu。」

one is called Eye-that-Sees-and-Delights, one Ear-that-Hears-and-Rages, one Nose-that-Smells-and-Covets, one Tongue-that-Tastes-and-Longs, one Mind-that-Conceives-and-Lusts, and one Body-that-is-Rooted-in-Care."

The six names decode the chapter's title. These are the 六賊 ("Six Robbers"), the Buddhist figure for the six senses (六根) that plunder the mind's peace: eye, ear, nose, tongue, mind, and body, each yoked to its besetting passion — delight, anger, craving, longing, lust, and care. To slay them is to still the senses.

悟wù空kōng笑xiào道dào：「原yuán來lái是shì六liù個gè毛máo賊zéi。你nǐ卻què不bú認rèn得de我wǒ這zhè出chū家jiā人rén是shì你nǐ的de主zhǔ人rén公gōng，你nǐ倒dào來lái擋dǎng路lù。悟wù空kōng笑xiào道dào：「原yuán来lái是shì六liù个gè毛máo贼zéi。你nǐ却què不bú认rèn得de我wǒ这zhè出chū家jiā人rén是shì你nǐ的de主zhǔ人rén公gōng，你nǐ倒dào来lái挡dǎng路lù。

Wukong laughed and said, "So you are six petty thieves. You do not even know that this monk is your own master, yet you come to block my way.

Wukong, who grasps the allegory instantly, dismisses them as 六個毛賊 ("six petty thieves") and claims to be their rightful 主人公 ("master") — the mind that should command the senses. 不認得 reads 得 as de.

把bǎ那nà打dǎ劫jié的de珍zhēn寶bǎo拿ná出chū來lái，我wǒ與yǔ你nǐ作zuò七qī分fēn兒ér均jūn分fēn，饒ráo了le你nǐ罷bà。」把bǎ那nà打dǎ劫jié的de珍zhēn宝bǎo拿ná出chū来lái，我wǒ与yǔ你nǐ作zuò七qī分fēn儿ér均jūn分fēn，饶ráo了le你nǐ罢bà。」

Bring out the treasures you have robbed, and I will divide them with you in seven equal shares, and let you off."

His counter-demand — that they surrender their loot to be split seven ways (their six shares and his) — is pure impudence. 把那打劫 reads 那 as nà; 均分 reads 分 as fēn.

總評 Commentary

The confrontation with the Six Robbers is the allegorical core of the chapter, and its title-line 六賊無蹤 ("the Six Robbers leave no trace") points directly here. When the bandits name themselves — Eye, Ear, Nose, Tongue, Mind, and Body, each bound to a passion — the reader is meant to recognise the 六根 or six sense-faculties of Buddhist teaching, the "thieves" that rob the practitioner of tranquillity.

Wukong grasps the figure at once, dismissing them as "petty thieves" and claiming to be their 主人公, their rightful master — for in the allegory the disciplined mind is precisely what should command and quiet the senses. The scene thus reads on two levels: a comic roadside robbery, and a parable of the newly converted Mind-Monkey confronting the sensory appetites he must subdue on the path.

The exchange keeps the surface comedy sharp — mock bows, duelling boasts, Wukong's outrageous demand for a seven-way split — while the names quietly carry the doctrinal weight. What follows, the killing of all six, is on the surface the reckless violence Sanzang will condemn; on the allegorical plane it is the annihilation of the senses' hold, the very thing the title celebrates.