Canonical Classics ← 第十四回
第十四回
xīnyuánguīzhèng
liùzéizōng

The Mind-Monkey Returns to the Right · The Six Robbers Vanish Without a Trace

圯橋進履
模式 Mode Read Study
拼音 Pinyin Off
字體 Script
原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

圯橋進履 The Sandal at the Bridge

cháxíngzhěhuítóukànjiànhòushàngguàzheqiáojìndehuàérxíngzhědào:「zhèshìshénmejǐngzhì?」lóngwángdào:「shèngzàixiānshìzàihòurènzhèjiàozuòqiáosānjìn』。」xíngzhědào:「zěndeshìsānjìn』?」lóngwángdào:「xiānnǎishìhuángshígōngnǎishìhànshìzhāngliángshígōngzuòzàiqiáoshàngránshīqiáoxiàsuìhuànzhāngliángláimángláiguìxiànqiánsānzhāngliánglüèháoàodàimànzhīxīnshígōngsuìàiqínjǐnshòutiānshūzhuóhànhòuguǒrányùnchóuwéizhīzhōngjuéshèngqiānzhīwàitàipínghòuzhíguīshāncóngchìsōngyóuchéngxiāndàoshèngruòbǎotángsēngjìnqínláoshòujiàohuìdàoshìyāoxiānxiūxiǎngchéngzhèngguǒ。」kōngwényánchényínbànshǎnglóngwángdào:「shèngdāngcáichùzàileqiánchéng。」kōngdào:「duōhuàlǎosūnháibǎo便biànliǎo。」lóngwángxīndào:「gǎnjiǔliúqǐngshèngzǎobēiyàoshūjiǔleshī。」cháxíngzhěhuítóukànjiànhòushàngguàzheqiáojìndehuàérxíngzhědào:「zhèshìshénmejǐngzhì?」lóngwángdào:「shèngzàixiānshìzàihòurènzhèjiàozuòqiáosānjìn』。」xíngzhědào:「zěndeshìsānjìn』?」lóngwángdào:「xiānnǎishìhuángshígōngnǎishìhànshìzhāngliángshígōngzuòzàiqiáoshàngránshīqiáoxiàsuìhuànzhāngliángláimángláiguìxiànqiánsānzhāngliánglüèháoàodàimànzhīxīnshígōngsuìàiqínjǐnshòutiānshūzhuóhànhòuguǒrányùnchóuwéizhīzhōngjuéshèngqiānzhīwàitàipínghòuzhíguīshāncóngchìsōngyóuchéngxiāndàoshèngruòbǎotángsēngjìnqínláoshòujiàohuìdàoshìyāoxiānxiūxiǎngchéngzhèngguǒ。」kōngwényánchényínbànshǎnglóngwángdào:「shèngdāngcáichùzàileqiánchéng。」kōngdào:「duōhuàlǎosūnháibǎo便biànliǎo。」lóngwángxīndào:「gǎnjiǔliúqǐngshèngzǎobēiyàoshūjiǔleshī。」


逐句解 Line by line

cháxíngzhěhuítóukànjiànhòushàngguàzheqiáojìndehuàér cháxíngzhěhuítóukànjiànhòushàngguàzheqiáojìndehuàér

When the tea was done, the Pilgrim turned his head and looked, and saw on the back wall a painting called "Presenting the Sandal at the Yi Bridge."

Tea finished, the guest looks round the room — and the Dragon King has hung exactly the right picture on his back wall. 行者 reads as xíng; 掛著 uses the ongoing-action (zhe).

xíngzhědào:「zhèshìshénmejǐngzhì?」 xíngzhědào:「zhèshìshénmejǐngzhì?」

The Pilgrim said, "What scene is this?"

What is that scene? He asks, which is what the painting is there for. 行者 reads as xíng; 甚麼 reads as shén.

lóngwángdào:「shèngzàixiānshìzàihòurènzhèjiàozuòqiáosānjìn』。」 lóngwángdào:「shèngzàixiānshìzàihòurènzhèjiàozuòqiáosānjìn』。」

The Dragon King said, "Great Sage, you belong to an earlier age and this matter to a later; that is why you do not know it. It is called 'Thrice Presenting the Sandal at the Yi Bridge.'"

A neat piece of bookkeeping: the story happened after your imprisonment, so of course you have not heard it. Five hundred years under a rock leaves gaps in a man's general knowledge. 不認得 reads as de.

xíngzhědào:「zěndeshìsānjìn』?」 xíngzhědào:「zěndeshìsānjìn』?」

The Pilgrim said, "How is it 'thrice presenting the sandal'?"

And he asks for it, which means the lecture is now his own idea. 行者 reads as xíng.

lóngwángdào:「xiānnǎishìhuángshígōngnǎishìhànshìzhāngliángshígōngzuòzàiqiáoshàngránshīqiáoxiàsuìhuànzhāngliánglái lóngwángdào:「xiānnǎishìhuángshígōngnǎishìhànshìzhāngliángshígōngzuòzàiqiáoshàngránshīqiáoxiàsuìhuànzhāngliánglái

The Dragon King said, "This immortal is the Duke of Yellow Stone, and this youth is Zhang Liang of the Han age. The Duke was sitting on the Yi Bridge when suddenly his sandal fell beneath it, and he bade Zhang Liang fetch it back.

The two figures are the immortal 黃石公, the Duke of Yellow Stone, and a young man who would grow up to be Zhang Liang, the strategist who put the Han dynasty on the throne. The old man drops his shoe off the bridge and tells the boy to fetch it. 此子, 'this youth', reads as .

mángláiguìxiànqiánsānzhāngliánglüèháoàodàimànzhīxīn mángláiguìxiànqiánsānzhāngliánglüèháoàodàimànzhīxīn

The youth fetched it at once and presented it kneeling. This happened three times, and Zhang Liang showed not the least trace of arrogance or negligence;

Down he goes, and up he comes on his knees to hand it over. Three times. The point of the story is that nothing crosses his face — no impatience, no injured dignity, not a flicker. 此子 again reads as .

shígōngsuìàiqínjǐnshòutiānshūzhuóhàn shígōngsuìàiqínjǐnshòutiānshūzhuóhàn

so the Duke, taken with his diligence and care, bestowed on him by night a book of Heaven, and charged him to uphold the Han.

And that is what he is paid for: a book of heavenly strategy handed over at night, and a charge to prop up the Han. Humility in, empire out. 著他扶漢 reads as zhuó, the sense of setting someone to a task.

hòuguǒrányùnchóuwéizhīzhōngjuéshèngqiānzhīwài hòuguǒrányùnchóuwéizhīzhōngjuéshèngqiānzhīwài

Afterward, sure enough, he 'planned strategy within the tent and decided victory a thousand li away.'

運籌帷幄之中決勝千里之外 — laying plans inside the command tent and deciding victories a thousand away. The phrase is Sima Qian's, spoken by the Han founder about Zhang Liang himself, and it is still the standard Chinese compliment for someone who wins from behind a desk. 帷幄之中 reads as zhōng.

tàipínghòuzhíguīshāncóngchìsōngyóuchéngxiāndào tàipínghòuzhíguīshāncóngchìsōngyóuchéngxiāndào

When peace had come, he resigned his office and returned to the mountains, roamed with Master Red Pine, and awakened to the way of immortality.

And the coda that makes the story usable here: with peace won he resigned his office, went back to the mountains, wandered with the immortal Master Red Pine and attained the Way. Service first, immortality after — the exact order Wukong has just reversed. 赤松子 reads as .

shèngruòbǎotángsēngjìnqínláoshòujiàohuìdàoshìyāoxiānxiūxiǎngchéngzhèngguǒ。」 shèngruòbǎotángsēngjìnqínláoshòujiàohuìdàoshìyāoxiānxiūxiǎngchéngzhèngguǒ。」

Great Sage, if you do not protect the Tang monk, do not give your full labour, do not accept instruction, you will remain in the end a mere goblin-immortal — never dream of attaining the true fruit."

Then the application, and it is not subtle: no protection, no hard work, no taking instruction — and you stay a 妖仙, a goblin with powers, for ever. It is the one insult that lands on this particular creature. 不盡勤勞 reads as jìn; 教誨 reads as jiào; 得成 takes as .

kōngwényánchényínbànshǎng kōngwényánchényínbànshǎng

Wukong, hearing this, brooded a long while and said nothing.

And it lands. He broods a long while and says nothing — a rare and rather touching sight, this creature with no answer ready.

lóngwángdào:「shèngdāngcáichùzàileqiánchéng。」 lóngwángdào:「shèngdāngcáichùzàileqiánchéng。」

The Dragon King said, "Great Sage, you must judge for yourself; do not covet your ease and ruin your future."

The Dragon King leaves the decision to him instead of pressing, which is why it works: do not buy your comfort at the price of your future.

kōngdào:「duōhuàlǎosūnháibǎo便biànliǎo。」 kōngdào:「duōhuàlǎosūnháibǎo便biànliǎo。」

Wukong said, "Say no more — old Sun will go back and protect him, and there's an end of it."

'Say no more' — the closest thing to a gracious surrender he is capable of. He has been argued back onto the road, and persuasion has now done as much as it can do. 還去 reads as hái.

lóngwángxīndào:「gǎnjiǔliúqǐngshèngzǎobēiyàoshūjiǔleshī。」 lóngwángxīndào:「gǎnjiǔliúqǐngshèngzǎobēiyàoshūjiǔleshī。」

The Dragon King said gladly, "If that is so, I dare not detain you long; may the Great Sage show mercy soon, and not keep your master waiting."

Delighted, and shrewd enough to get him out of the door before he changes his mind.


總評 Commentary

The Dragon King's admonition comes as a parable hanging on his wall: the celebrated story of Zhang Liang and the Duke of Yellow Stone at the Yi Bridge. The old immortal drops his sandal off the bridge and orders the young man to fetch it and present it kneeling, three times over; Zhang Liang's unresentful humility earns him a book of heavenly strategy, and with it both worldly glory as the Han dynasty's great tactician and, in the end, immortality.

The application is transparent and pointed. Wukong, like Zhang Liang, must accept humble service and instruction if he is ever to reach the true fruit; pride and self-will leave him a goblin-immortal and nothing more. The novel is drawing here on real cultural memory — the Yi Bridge is one of the standard Chinese illustrations of deference to a teacher — and bending it to the purposes of its own allegory.

What matters is that this is persuasion, and that it half works. The proud monkey falls silent, broods, and decides on his own account to go back. But the narrative has already shown that persuasion could not keep him — Sanzang's scolding drove him off — and is about to show that his submission is still incomplete. The parable moves Wukong toward the road; the band waiting in Sanzang's bundle will fix him to it.