第十四回 · 菩薩勉行 Guanyin on the Way — Journey to the West

原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

菩薩勉行 Guanyin on the Way

行xíng者zhě見jiàn他tā催cuī促cù請qǐng行xíng，急jí縱zòng身shēn，出chū離lí海hǎi藏cáng，駕jià著zhe雲yún，別bié了le龍lóng王wáng。正zhèng走zǒu，卻què遇yù著zháo南nán海hǎi菩pú薩sà。菩pú薩sà道dào：「孫sūn悟wù空kōng，你nǐ怎zěn麼me不bú受shòu教jiào誨huì，不bù保bǎo唐táng僧sēng，來lái此cǐ處chù何hé幹gàn？」慌huāng得de個gè行xíng者zhě在zài雲yún端duān裡lǐ施shī禮lǐ道dào：「向xiàng蒙méng菩pú薩sà善shàn言yán，果guǒ有yǒu唐táng朝cháo僧sēng到dào，揭jiē了le壓yā帖tiē，救jiù了le我wǒ命mìng，跟gēn他tā做zuò了le徒tú弟dì。他tā卻què怪guài我wǒ兇xiōng頑wán，我wǒ才cái閃shǎn他tā一yì閃shǎn，如rú今jīn就jiù去qù保bǎo他tā也yě。」菩pú薩sà道dào：「趕gǎn早zǎo去qù，莫mò錯cuò過guò了le念niàn頭tóu。」言yán畢bì各gè回huí。行xíng者zhě见jiàn他tā催cuī促cù请qǐng行xíng，急jí纵zòng身shēn，出chū离lí海hǎi藏cáng，驾jià着zhe云yún，别bié了le龙lóng王wáng。正zhèng走zǒu，却què遇yù着zháo南nán海hǎi菩pú萨sà。菩pú萨sà道dào：「孙sūn悟wù空kōng，你nǐ怎zěn么me不bú受shòu教jiào诲huì，不bù保bǎo唐táng僧sēng，来lái此cǐ处chù何hé干gàn？」慌huāng得de个gè行xíng者zhě在zài云yún端duān里lǐ施shī礼lǐ道dào：「向xiàng蒙méng菩pú萨sà善shàn言yán，果guǒ有yǒu唐táng朝cháo僧sēng到dào，揭jiē了le压yā帖tiē，救jiù了le我wǒ命mìng，跟gēn他tā做zuò了le徒tú弟dì。他tā却què怪guài我wǒ凶xiōng顽wán，我wǒ才cái闪shǎn他tā一yì闪shǎn，如rú今jīn就jiù去qù保bǎo他tā也yě。」菩pú萨sà道dào：「赶gǎn早zǎo去qù，莫mò错cuò过guò了le念niàn头tóu。」言yán毕bì各gè回huí。

逐句解 Line by line

行xíng者zhě見jiàn他tā催cuī促cù請qǐng行xíng，急jí縱zòng身shēn，出chū離lí海hǎi藏cáng，駕jià著zhe雲yún，別bié了le龍lóng王wáng。行xíng者zhě见jiàn他tā催cuī促cù请qǐng行xíng，急jí纵zòng身shēn，出chū离lí海hǎi藏cáng，驾jià着zhe云yún，别bié了le龙lóng王wáng。

The Pilgrim, seeing him urge and press him to be off, sprang up in haste, left the sea-depths, mounted his cloud, and took leave of the Dragon King.

Out of the sea-depths and onto a cloud. 行者 reads 行 as xíng; in 海藏, the sea's hidden depths, 藏 is the noun cáng, not the zàng of Sanzang's name; 駕著 uses the ongoing-action 著 (zhe).

正zhèng走zǒu，卻què遇yù著zháo南nán海hǎi菩pú薩sà。正zhèng走zǒu，却què遇yù着zháo南nán海hǎi菩pú萨sà。

As he went, he met the Bodhisattva of the Southern Sea.

And of all the people to meet in the sky on the way back. 遇著 uses the ongoing-action 著 (zhe).

菩pú薩sà道dào：「孫sūn悟wù空kōng，你nǐ怎zěn麼me不bú受shòu教jiào誨huì，不bù保bǎo唐táng僧sēng，來lái此cǐ處chù何hé幹gàn？」菩pú萨sà道dào：「孙sūn悟wù空kōng，你nǐ怎zěn么me不bú受shòu教jiào诲huì，不bù保bǎo唐táng僧sēng，来lái此cǐ处chù何hé干gàn？」

The Bodhisattva said, "Sun Wukong, why do you not accept instruction, why do you not protect the Tang monk — what are you doing here?"

Three questions in one breath, and all of them accusations. Coming straight after the Dragon King's lecture, this is the second and higher rebuke in ten minutes. 教誨 reads 教 as jiào.

慌huāng得de個gè行xíng者zhě在zài雲yún端duān裡lǐ施shī禮lǐ道dào：慌huāng得de个gè行xíng者zhě在zài云yún端duān里lǐ施shī礼lǐ道dào：

Flustered, the Pilgrim made his bow up in the clouds and said:

The creature who threatened to fight all of Heaven bows in mid-air and starts explaining himself. 慌得 reads 得 as de; 行者 reads 行 as xíng.

「向xiàng蒙méng菩pú薩sà善shàn言yán，果guǒ有yǒu唐táng朝cháo僧sēng到dào，揭jiē了le壓yā帖tiē，救jiù了le我wǒ命mìng，跟gēn他tā做zuò了le徒tú弟dì。「向xiàng蒙méng菩pú萨sà善shàn言yán，果guǒ有yǒu唐táng朝cháo僧sēng到dào，揭jiē了le压yā帖tiē，救jiù了le我wǒ命mìng，跟gēn他tā做zuò了le徒tú弟dì。

"I was favoured, before, with the Bodhisattva's kind words; and indeed a monk of Tang came, lifted the sealing-slip, saved my life, and I became his disciple.

He begins with the parts that reflect well on him: your kind words, the monk who came, the seal lifted, my life saved, and yes, I became his disciple. 唐朝 reads 朝 as cháo.

他tā卻què怪guài我wǒ兇xiōng頑wán，我wǒ才cái閃shǎn他tā一yì閃shǎn，如rú今jīn就jiù去qù保bǎo他tā也yě。」他tā却què怪guài我wǒ凶xiōng顽wán，我wǒ才cái闪shǎn他tā一yì闪shǎn，如rú今jīn就jiù去qù保bǎo他tā也yě。」

But he took offence at my fierceness, so I dodged away from him a while; and now I am off to protect him."

And then the masterpiece of understatement. He walked out for good; here it becomes 'I dodged away from him a while' — and, look, I was just on my way back.

菩pú薩sà道dào：「趕gǎn早zǎo去qù，莫mò錯cuò過guò了le念niàn頭tóu。」言yán畢bì各gè回huí。菩pú萨sà道dào：「赶gǎn早zǎo去qù，莫mò错cuò过guò了le念niàn头tóu。」言yán毕bì各gè回huí。

The Bodhisattva said, "Hurry along, then, and do not let the good intention slip." With that, each went their way.

Hurry along and do not let the good intention slip. It is brisk, kindly, and spoken by someone who has just spent the afternoon making quite certain it cannot slip — she has come straight from handing his master the spell.

總評 Commentary

A brief, pointed encounter bridges the two halves of the reconciliation. Having been talked round by the Dragon King into returning of his own accord, Wukong now runs into Guanyin herself, who challenges him a second time. The doubled rebuke — first the dragon, then the bodhisattva — is a measure of how much moral pressure it takes to turn this creature around.

The scene is quietly ironic twice over. First, Wukong's sheepish self-excusing in front of Guanyin — he only 'dodged away a while' — shows a pride that has been dented rather than broken. Second, and more to the point, the reader knows what Wukong does not: this same bodhisattva has, minutes earlier and in disguise, handed his master the golden band and the spell that will compel him. Her brisk 'do not let the good intention slip' is spoken by someone who has already made sure of it.

So the encounter seals the persuasion while concealing the coercion running underneath. Wukong flies off believing he is going back freely; he is in fact flying straight into a very handsome cap. The chapter's two disciplines — appeal to the will, constraint of the body — are now a few minutes apart.