原文 Original text
繁體 Traditional
Reader's edition
業畜詰問身世
Cursed, He Asks His Origins
一日，暮春天氣，眾人同在松陰之下講經參禪，談說奧妙，那酒肉和尚恰被玄奘難倒。和尚大怒，罵道：「你這業畜，姓名也不知，父母也不識，還在此搗甚麼鬼？」玄奘被他罵出這般言語，入寺跪告師父，眼淚雙流道：「人生於天地之間，稟陰陽而資五行，盡由父生母養，豈有為人在世而無父母者乎？」再三哀告，求問父母姓名。長老道：「你真個要尋父母，可隨我到方丈裡來。」玄奘就跟到方丈。長老到重梁之上，取下一個小匣兒，打開來，取出血書一紙、汗衫一件，付與玄奘。玄奘將血書拆開讀之，才備細曉得父母姓名，並冤仇事跡。一日，暮春天气，众人同在松阴之下讲经参禅，谈说奥妙，那酒肉和尚恰被玄奘难倒。和尚大怒，骂道：「你这业畜，姓名也不知，父母也不识，还在此捣甚么鬼？」玄奘被他骂出这般言语，入寺跪告师父，眼泪双流道：「人生于天地之间，禀阴阳而资五行，尽由父生母养，岂有为人在世而无父母者乎？」再三哀告，求问父母姓名。长老道：「你真个要寻父母，可随我到方丈里来。」玄奘就跟到方丈。长老到重梁之上，取下一个小匣儿，打开来，取出血书一纸、汗衫一件，付与玄奘。玄奘将血书拆开读之，才备细晓得父母姓名，并冤仇事迹。
逐句解 Line by line
一日，暮春天氣，眾人同在松陰之下講經參禪，談說奧妙，
一日，暮春天气，众人同在松阴之下讲经参禅，谈说奥妙，
One day, in the late-spring weather, the company were together beneath the pines, expounding the scriptures and discoursing on the deep mysteries of Chan,
講經參禪, to lecture on the sutras and practice Chan; 奧妙, the profound subtleties.
那酒肉和尚恰被玄奘難倒。
那酒肉和尚恰被玄奘难倒。
when the wine-and-meat monk happened to be worsted in argument by Xuanzang.
酒肉和尚, a flesh-eating, wine-drinking monk — a worldly cleric; 難倒, to be stumped — 難 here is nán.
和尚大怒，罵道：「你這業畜，姓名也不知，父母也不識，
和尚大怒，骂道：「你这业畜，姓名也不知，父母也不识，
The monk flew into a rage and cursed him, 'You cursed creature — you do not even know your own name, nor know your father and mother;'
業畜, a 'karma-beast,' a creature of evil karma — a bitter insult; 畜 is chù, 'beast.'
還在此搗甚麼鬼？」
还在此捣甚么鬼？」
'what devilry are you still up to here?'
搗甚麼鬼, 'playing what tricks'; 還 here is hái ('still'), 甚 is shèn.
玄奘被他罵出這般言語，入寺跪告師父，眼淚雙流道：
玄奘被他骂出这般言语，入寺跪告师父，眼泪双流道：
Cursed with such words, Xuanzang went into the temple, knelt before his master, and with tears streaming down said:
跪告, to kneel and entreat.
「人生於天地之間，稟陰陽而資五行，盡由父生母養，
「人生于天地之间，禀阴阳而资五行，尽由父生母养，
'A man is born between Heaven and Earth, endowed with yin and yang and formed of the Five Phases; all are begotten of a father and reared by a mother.'
稟陰陽而資五行, endowed with yin-yang and drawing on the Five Phases (五行, 行 = xíng) — the cosmological commonplace of human generation.
豈有為人在世而無父母者乎？」
岂有为人在世而无父母者乎？」
'How can there be a man living in the world who has no father and mother?'
為人在世, 'to be a person in the world' — 為 here is wéi.
再三哀告，求問父母姓名。
再三哀告，求问父母姓名。
Again and again he pleaded, begging to know his parents' names.
再三哀告, to entreat over and over.
長老道：「你真個要尋父母，可隨我到方丈裡來。」
长老道：「你真个要寻父母，可随我到方丈里来。」
The elder said, 'If you truly wish to seek your parents, come with me into the abbot's quarters.'
方丈, the abbot's chamber; 長老, 長 = zhǎng.
玄奘就跟到方丈。
玄奘就跟到方丈。
Xuanzang followed him to the abbot's room.
跟到, to follow along to.
長老到重梁之上，取下一個小匣兒，打開來，
长老到重梁之上，取下一个小匣儿，打开来，
The elder reached up to a high beam, took down a small casket, and opening it,
重梁, a stacked or upper beam — 重 here is chóng; 匣兒, a small box.
取出血書一紙、汗衫一件，付與玄奘。
取出血书一纸、汗衫一件，付与玄奘。
took out a blood-letter and an undershirt, and handed them to Xuanzang.
汗衫, the undershirt his mother had wrapped him in.
玄奘將血書拆開讀之，才備細曉得父母姓名，並冤仇事跡。
玄奘将血书拆开读之，才备细晓得父母姓名，并冤仇事迹。
Xuanzang opened the blood-letter and read it, and so learned in full his parents' names and the whole account of the wrong done them.
曉得 ('to learn, realize') takes 得 as the resultative de; 冤仇事跡, the record of the wrong and the feud.
總評 Commentary
The discovery scene turns on a thoroughly Confucian provocation: it is the taunt that he has neither name nor parents — the deepest of insults in a kinship-ordered world — that drives Xuanzang to demand his origins. His appeal to his master is cast in cosmological-ethical commonplace (稟陰陽而資五行, born of yin-yang and the Five Phases, begotten of father and reared by mother): to be human is to have parents, and to owe them. The blood-letter, read at last, converts the foundling-monk into an avenging son, and sets in motion the second half of the chapter — the search for his mother, the reckoning with Liu Hong, the restoration of his father. The flesh-eating monk's insult, 業畜 ('karma-beast'), ironically names the very karmic machinery the chapter works out.