私衙抄化 Begging Alms at the Private Yamen
玄奘領了師父言語,就做化緣的和尚,徑至江州。適值劉洪有事出外,也是天叫他母子相會,玄奘就直至私衙門口抄化。那殷小姐原來夜間得了一夢,夢見月缺再圓,暗想道:「我婆婆不知音信;我丈夫被這賊謀殺;我的兒子拋在江中,倘若有人收養,算來有十八歲矣,或今日天教相會,亦未可知。」正沉吟間,忽聽私衙前有人念經,連叫「抄化」,小姐又乘便出來問道:「你是何處來的?」玄奘答道:「貧僧乃是金山寺法明長老的徒弟。」小姐道:「你既是金山寺長老的徒弟……」叫進衙來,將齋飯與玄奘吃。仔細看他舉止言談,好似與丈夫一般。玄奘领了师父言语,就做化缘的和尚,径至江州。适值刘洪有事出外,也是天叫他母子相会,玄奘就直至私衙门口抄化。那殷小姐原来夜间得了一梦,梦见月缺再圆,暗想道:「我婆婆不知音信;我丈夫被这贼谋杀;我的儿子抛在江中,倘若有人收养,算来有十八岁矣,或今日天教相会,亦未可知。」正沉吟间,忽听私衙前有人念经,连叫「抄化」,小姐又乘便出来问道:「你是何处来的?」玄奘答道:「贫僧乃是金山寺法明长老的徒弟。」小姐道:「你既是金山寺长老的徒弟……」叫进衙来,将斋饭与玄奘吃。仔细看他举止言谈,好似与丈夫一般。
逐句解 Line by line
Xuanzang received his master's instructions, took on the guise of an alms-begging monk, and went straight to Jiangzhou.
領了師父言語, having received his master's words — 領 is to take delivery of a thing, instructions included. He does not improvise. He follows the plan exactly as given.
It happened that Liu Hong was away on business — it was Heaven's doing that mother and son should meet — and Xuanzang came right up to the gate of the private yamen to beg.
Liu Hong is away again, and this time the narrator names the cause outright: 天叫, Heaven ordered it. 母子相會 takes 子 as zǐ and the mutual 相 as xiāng; 抄化 is another word for begging alms.
Now Yin Wenjiao had had a dream in the night, dreaming of the waned moon grown round again, and thought to herself:
月缺再圓, the waned moon coming round again. In Chinese the full moon stands for a family complete and gathered, so a moon filling out is about as unambiguous a dream of reunion as the language offers. It is the same roundness as 團圓.
'Of my mother-in-law I have no word; my husband was murdered by this villain;'
音信, sound and letter: word from somebody. She is counting her losses in order, and this is the first of them — a mother-in-law she has heard nothing of in eighteen years.
'my own son I cast into the river — if anyone took and raised him, by my reckoning he would be eighteen now;'
兒子, son, here with 子 unstressed as zi: the everyday word, against the formal zǐ that the star-god used. 算來, reckoning it up — she has kept the count. He is eighteen.
'perhaps today Heaven means us to meet — there is no telling.'
相會, to meet, with the mutual 相. Then 亦未可知, there is no telling: she talks herself down from the hope in the same breath that raises it.
Just as she was musing, she suddenly heard someone before the yamen chanting sutras and calling out 'Alms!'
沉吟 is to turn a thing over half aloud, sunk in it. And right on cue, a voice at the gate chanting scripture and calling for alms. The novel is not trying to hide its machinery here. It wants you to feel the timing.
and the lady, taking the chance, came out and asked, 'Where have you come from?'
乘便, taking the chance while it is going, with 乘 as chéng. Her first question is not who are you but where are you from, which is the question that gets her the answer.
Xuanzang answered, 'This poor monk is a disciple of the elder Faming of Gold Mountain Monastery.'
貧僧, this poor monk, is the standard humble self-reference for a cleric — poor in the sense of having renounced, not of being short of money. And the sentence carries the one piece of information that changes everything: Gold Mountain.
The lady said, 'Since you are a disciple of the elder of Gold Mountain...'
The line simply stops. Chinese fiction of this kind rarely leaves a sentence unfinished, which is why this one lands: she has heard the name of the temple and cannot yet say what she is thinking.
She called him into the yamen and had vegetarian food set before him to eat.
齋飯 is meatless food fit for a monk. Feeding him is entirely proper, and it is also a way of keeping him where she can go on looking at him.
Watching closely his bearing and his speech, she found him much like her husband.
好似, much like, with 似 as sì. She is not studying his face; she is watching 舉止言談, how he carries himself and how he talks — the inherited things nobody can put on deliberately. Recognition by family likeness is one of the oldest devices in the trade, and it is about to be checked against a document and a foot.
Everything in this passage is arranged to slow the moment down. Liu Hong is out. The mother has dreamed of 月缺再圓, the waned moon coming round again, which in Chinese is the standard dream of a family made whole. She sits and counts her losses in order — the mother-in-law she has had no word of, the murdered husband, the son on the river who would be eighteen by now — and while she is still on the third item, a monk begins chanting at her gate.
She does not leap. She asks where he is from, hears Gold Mountain, and stops mid-sentence. Then she feeds him and watches him eat. What convinces her is not a face but 舉止言談, the way he carries himself and the way he speaks: the inherited mannerisms of a man she believes has been dead for eighteen years.
Recognition by family likeness, with a dream to prepare the ground, is among the oldest equipment in popular fiction. What this chapter does well is refuse to hurry. The machinery turns slowly enough that we get to watch her arrive at a conclusion she does not yet dare say out loud.