Canonical Classics ← 第九回
第九回
chénguāngruǐrènféngzāi
jiāngliúsēngchóubàoběn

Chen Guangrui, Going to His Post, Meets Disaster · The River-Float Monk Avenges the Wrong and Requites His Origin

私衙抄化
模式 Mode Read Study
拼音 Pinyin Off
字體 Script
原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

私衙抄化 Begging Alms at the Private Yamen

xuánzànglǐngleshīyánjiùzuòhuàyuándeshàngjìngzhìjiāngzhōushìzhíliúhóngyǒushìchūwàishìtiānjiàoxiānghuìxuánzàngjiùzhízhìménkǒuchāohuàyīnxiǎojiěyuánláijiānlemèngmèngjiànyuèquēzàiyuánànxiǎngdào:「pozhīyīnxìnzhàngbèizhèzéimóushādeérzipāozàijiāngzhōngtǎngruòyǒurénshōuyǎngsuànláiyǒushísuìhuòjīntiānjiàoxiānghuìwèizhī。」zhèngchényínjiāntīngqiányǒurénniànjīngliánjiàochāohuà」,xiǎojiěyòuchéng便biànchūláiwèndào:「shìchùláide?」xuánzàngdào:「pínsēngnǎishìjīnshānmíngzhǎnglǎode。」xiǎojiědào:「shìjīnshānzhǎnglǎode……」jiàojìnláijiāngzhāifànxuánzàngchīzǎikànzhǐyántánhǎozhàngbānxuánzànglǐngleshīyánjiùzuòhuàyuándeshàngjìngzhìjiāngzhōushìzhíliúhóngyǒushìchūwàishìtiānjiàoxiānghuìxuánzàngjiùzhízhìménkǒuchāohuàyīnxiǎojiěyuánláijiānlemèngmèngjiànyuèquēzàiyuánànxiǎngdào:「pozhīyīnxìnzhàngbèizhèzéimóushādeérzipāozàijiāngzhōngtǎngruòyǒurénshōuyǎngsuànláiyǒushísuìhuòjīntiānjiàoxiānghuìwèizhī。」zhèngchényínjiāntīngqiányǒurénniànjīngliánjiàochāohuà」,xiǎojiěyòuchéng便biànchūláiwèndào:「shìchùláide?」xuánzàngdào:「pínsēngnǎishìjīnshānmíngzhǎnglǎode。」xiǎojiědào:「shìjīnshānzhǎnglǎode……」jiàojìnláijiāngzhāifànxuánzàngchīzǎikànzhǐyántánhǎozhàngbān


逐句解 Line by line

xuánzànglǐngleshīyánjiùzuòhuàyuándeshàngjìngzhìjiāngzhōu xuánzànglǐngleshīyánjiùzuòhuàyuándeshàngjìngzhìjiāngzhōu

Xuanzang received his master's instructions, took on the guise of an alms-begging monk, and went straight to Jiangzhou.

領了師父言語, having received his master's words — is to take delivery of a thing, instructions included. He does not improvise. He follows the plan exactly as given.

shìzhíliúhóngyǒushìchūwàishìtiānjiàoxiānghuìxuánzàngjiùzhízhìménkǒuchāohuà shìzhíliúhóngyǒushìchūwàishìtiānjiàoxiānghuìxuánzàngjiùzhízhìménkǒuchāohuà

It happened that Liu Hong was away on business — it was Heaven's doing that mother and son should meet — and Xuanzang came right up to the gate of the private yamen to beg.

Liu Hong is away again, and this time the narrator names the cause outright: 天叫, Heaven ordered it. 母子相會 takes as and the mutual as xiāng; 抄化 is another word for begging alms.

yīnxiǎojiěyuánláijiānlemèngmèngjiànyuèquēzàiyuánànxiǎngdào yīnxiǎojiěyuánláijiānlemèngmèngjiànyuèquēzàiyuánànxiǎngdào

Now Yin Wenjiao had had a dream in the night, dreaming of the waned moon grown round again, and thought to herself:

月缺再圓, the waned moon coming round again. In Chinese the full moon stands for a family complete and gathered, so a moon filling out is about as unambiguous a dream of reunion as the language offers. It is the same roundness as 團圓.

pozhīyīnxìnzhàngbèizhèzéimóushā pozhīyīnxìnzhàngbèizhèzéimóushā

'Of my mother-in-law I have no word; my husband was murdered by this villain;'

音信, sound and letter: word from somebody. She is counting her losses in order, and this is the first of them — a mother-in-law she has heard nothing of in eighteen years.

deérzipāozàijiāngzhōngtǎngruòyǒurénshōuyǎngsuànláiyǒushísuì deérzipāozàijiāngzhōngtǎngruòyǒurénshōuyǎngsuànláiyǒushísuì

'my own son I cast into the river — if anyone took and raised him, by my reckoning he would be eighteen now;'

兒子, son, here with unstressed as zi: the everyday word, against the formal that the star-god used. 算來, reckoning it up — she has kept the count. He is eighteen.

huòjīntiānjiàoxiānghuìwèizhī。」 huòjīntiānjiàoxiānghuìwèizhī。」

'perhaps today Heaven means us to meet — there is no telling.'

相會, to meet, with the mutual . Then 亦未可知, there is no telling: she talks herself down from the hope in the same breath that raises it.

zhèngchényínjiāntīngqiányǒurénniànjīngliánjiàochāohuà」, zhèngchényínjiāntīngqiányǒurénniànjīngliánjiàochāohuà」,

Just as she was musing, she suddenly heard someone before the yamen chanting sutras and calling out 'Alms!'

沉吟 is to turn a thing over half aloud, sunk in it. And right on cue, a voice at the gate chanting scripture and calling for alms. The novel is not trying to hide its machinery here. It wants you to feel the timing.

xiǎojiěyòuchéng便biànchūláiwèndào:「shìchùláide?」 xiǎojiěyòuchéng便biànchūláiwèndào:「shìchùláide?」

and the lady, taking the chance, came out and asked, 'Where have you come from?'

乘便, taking the chance while it is going, with as chéng. Her first question is not who are you but where are you from, which is the question that gets her the answer.

xuánzàngdào:「pínsēngnǎishìjīnshānmíngzhǎnglǎode。」 xuánzàngdào:「pínsēngnǎishìjīnshānmíngzhǎnglǎode。」

Xuanzang answered, 'This poor monk is a disciple of the elder Faming of Gold Mountain Monastery.'

貧僧, this poor monk, is the standard humble self-reference for a cleric — poor in the sense of having renounced, not of being short of money. And the sentence carries the one piece of information that changes everything: Gold Mountain.

xiǎojiědào:「shìjīnshānzhǎnglǎode……」 xiǎojiědào:「shìjīnshānzhǎnglǎode……」

The lady said, 'Since you are a disciple of the elder of Gold Mountain...'

The line simply stops. Chinese fiction of this kind rarely leaves a sentence unfinished, which is why this one lands: she has heard the name of the temple and cannot yet say what she is thinking.

jiàojìnláijiāngzhāifànxuánzàngchī jiàojìnláijiāngzhāifànxuánzàngchī

She called him into the yamen and had vegetarian food set before him to eat.

齋飯 is meatless food fit for a monk. Feeding him is entirely proper, and it is also a way of keeping him where she can go on looking at him.

zǎikànzhǐyántánhǎozhàngbān zǎikànzhǐyántánhǎozhàngbān

Watching closely his bearing and his speech, she found him much like her husband.

好似, much like, with as . She is not studying his face; she is watching 舉止言談, how he carries himself and how he talks — the inherited things nobody can put on deliberately. Recognition by family likeness is one of the oldest devices in the trade, and it is about to be checked against a document and a foot.


總評 Commentary

Everything in this passage is arranged to slow the moment down. Liu Hong is out. The mother has dreamed of 月缺再圓, the waned moon coming round again, which in Chinese is the standard dream of a family made whole. She sits and counts her losses in order — the mother-in-law she has had no word of, the murdered husband, the son on the river who would be eighteen by now — and while she is still on the third item, a monk begins chanting at her gate.

She does not leap. She asks where he is from, hears Gold Mountain, and stops mid-sentence. Then she feeds him and watches him eat. What convinces her is not a face but 舉止言談, the way he carries himself and the way he speaks: the inherited mannerisms of a man she believes has been dead for eighteen years.

Recognition by family likeness, with a dream to prepare the ground, is among the oldest equipment in popular fiction. What this chapter does well is refuse to hurry. The machinery turns slowly enough that we get to watch her arrive at a conclusion she does not yet dare say out loud.