尋祖婆婆 Seeking the Grandmother
玄奘哭回寺中,告過師父,即時拜別,徑往洪州。來到萬花店,問那店主劉小二道:「昔年江州陳客官有一母親住在你店中,如今好麼?」劉小二道:「他原在我店中。後來昏了眼,三四年並無店租還我。如今在南門頭一個破瓦窰裡,每日上街叫化度日。那客官一去許久,到如今杳無信息,不知為何。」玄奘聽罷,即時問到南門頭破瓦窰,尋著婆婆。婆婆道:「你聲音好似我兒陳光蕊。」玄奘道:「我不是陳光蕊,我是陳光蕊的兒子。溫嬌小姐是我的娘。」婆婆道:「你爹娘怎麼不來?」玄奘道:「我爹爹被強盜打死了,我娘被強盜霸占為妻。」玄奘哭回寺中,告过师父,即时拜别,径往洪州。来到万花店,问那店主刘小二道:「昔年江州陈客官有一母亲住在你店中,如今好么?」刘小二道:「他原在我店中。后来昏了眼,三四年并无店租还我。如今在南门头一个破瓦窰里,每日上街叫化度日。那客官一去许久,到如今杳无信息,不知为何。」玄奘听罢,即时问到南门头破瓦窰,寻着婆婆。婆婆道:「你声音好似我儿陈光蕊。」玄奘道:「我不是陈光蕊,我是陈光蕊的儿子。温娇小姐是我的娘。」婆婆道:「你爹娘怎么不来?」玄奘道:「我爹爹被强盗打死了,我娘被强盗霸占为妻。」
逐句解 Line by line
Xuanzang wept his way back to the temple, took leave of his master, and set out at once for Hongzhou.
告過, having reported to: he tells the abbot before he goes, which is the last courtesy the plot lets him pay. And 哭回 — he cries the whole way back to the temple.
Coming to the Myriad Flowers Inn, he asked the innkeeper Liu the Second:
那店主, that innkeeper, with 那 as the pointing nà. Liu the Second is still running the place eighteen years on, the one fixed point in the chapter.
'In years past, the traveller Chen, an official of Jiangzhou, had a mother lodging at your inn — how does she fare now?'
客官 is a guest of standing, the word an innkeeper uses to a customer. He asks after her the way anyone would ask after anyone: how is she doing?
Liu the Second said, 'She was indeed at my inn.'
原在, was there originally. That 原 is doing the work of a whole sentence — was, and is no longer.
'Later she went blind in the eyes, and for three or four years paid me no rent.'
昏了眼, her eyes went dim. Then the innkeeper's own grievance, delivered without malice and without pity: three or four years and no rent, with 還, to pay back, as huán. He is not a villain. He is a man running a business who could not carry her forever.
'Now she is in a ruined tile-kiln by the south gate, going out each day to beg her bread.'
破瓦窰, a broken tile-kiln: an abandoned brick oven by the south gate, which is where you sleep when there is nowhere. 叫化度日, begging your way through the days. Guangrui left her money and a rented room; this is what eighteen years of nobody coming looks like.
'That gentleman has been gone so long — to this day not a word of him; I cannot tell why.'
杳 is dark and out of sight, and 杳無信息 is the standard phrase for a person who has vanished without trace. 為何, for what reason, takes 為 as wèi. The innkeeper has been wondering for eighteen years, and he is about to find out.
When Xuanzang had heard him out, he went straight to the ruined kiln by the south gate and found the grandmother.
尋著, sought and found, with 著 as zháo — the reading that turns looking into finding. He does not stop to react to what he has just been told. He asks the way and goes.
The grandmother said, 'Your voice is much like my son Chen Guangrui's.'
She is blind, so this recognition has to work by ear. 好似, very like, with 似 as sì. His mother knew him by how he moved; his grandmother knows him by how he sounds.
Xuanzang said, 'I am not Chen Guangrui; I am Chen Guangrui's son.'
He corrects her gently and completely, in one line. 兒子 keeps 子 unstressed as zi.
'The lady Wenjiao is my mother.'
娘, mum. The warm domestic word again, the one he only began using once he had found her.
The grandmother said, 'Why have your father and mother not come?'
爹娘, dad and mum. It is the first question any grandmother would ask, and the worst one available, and she asks it without knowing.
Xuanzang said, 'My father was beaten to death by a brigand, and my mother seized by force as his wife.'
He gives her both halves flat, with no cushioning at all. 強盜, a bandit, takes 強 as qiáng, strong or forceful — a different reading from the qiǎng of 勉強, forcing oneself, that described his mother's compliance. 霸占為妻, seized by force as a wife, takes 為 as wéi.
This is where the chapter counts the cost. Everything at the ford happened in one night; this is what that night looks like spread thin across eighteen years. Madam Zhang has gone blind, run out of money, been put out of her lodging, and now sleeps in an abandoned tile-kiln by the south gate and begs in the street to eat.
The innkeeper who tells him this is not cruel. He is matter-of-fact — three or four years without rent, she is over there now — and it is his ordinariness that makes the passage land. Nobody did anything monstrous to her. A man simply failed to come back, and the world closed over the space where he should have been.
Then the recognition, and the novel changes its method again: his mother knew him by the way he moved, and his blind grandmother knows him by his voice. She asks the obvious next question, why have your parents not come, and gets the answer with nothing softening it.