Canonical Classics ← 第九回
第九回
chénguāngruǐrènféngzāi
jiāngliúsēngchóubàoběn

Chen Guangrui, Going to His Post, Meets Disaster · The River-Float Monk Avenges the Wrong and Requites His Origin

洪江遇害
模式 Mode Read Study
拼音 Pinyin Off
字體 Script
原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

洪江遇害 Murder at the Hong River

jiānxiǎoxíng宿juédàohóngjiāngkǒuzhǐjiànshāoziliúhóngbiāoèrrénchēngchuándàoànyíngjiēshìguāngruǐqiánshēngdāngyǒuzāinànzhuàngzháozhèyuānjiāguāngruǐlìngjiātóngjiāngxíngbānshàngchuánzhèngshàngchuánliúhóngzhēngyǎnkànjiànyīnxiǎojiěmiàn滿mǎnyuèyǎnqiūyīngtáoxiǎokǒuliǔmányāozhēnyǒuchénluòyànzhīróngyuèxiūhuāzhīmàodǒulángxīnsuìbiāoshèjiāngchuánchēngzhìméirényānchùhòuzhìjìngsāngēngxiānjiāngjiātóngshājiāngguāngruǐshīshǒudōutuīzàishuǐlexiǎojiějiànlezhàng便biànjiāngshēnshuǐliúhóngbàozhùdào:「ruòcóngwànshìjiēxiūruòcóngshídāoliǎngduàn。」xiǎojiěxúnzhǐquánshíyìngchéngshùnleliúhóngzéichuándàonánànjiāngchuánbiāoguǎnjiù穿chuānleguāngruǐguāndàileguānpíngtóngxiǎojiěwǎngjiāngzhōushàngrènlejiānxiǎoxíng宿juédàohóngjiāngkǒuzhǐjiànshāoziliúhóngbiāoèrrénchēngchuándàoànyíngjiēshìguāngruǐqiánshēngdāngyǒuzāinànzhuàngzháozhèyuānjiāguāngruǐlìngjiātóngjiāngxíngbānshàngchuánzhèngshàngchuánliúhóngzhēngyǎnkànjiànyīnxiǎojiěmiànmǎnyuèyǎnqiūyīngtáoxiǎokǒu绿liǔmányāozhēnyǒuchénluòyànzhīróngyuèxiūhuāzhīmàodǒulángxīnsuìbiāoshèjiāngchuánchēngzhìméirényānchùhòuzhìjìngsāngēngxiānjiāngjiātóngshājiāngguāngruǐshīshǒudōutuīzàishuǐlexiǎojiějiànlezhàng便biànjiāngshēnshuǐliúhóngbàozhùdào:「ruòcóngwànshìjiēxiūruòcóngshídāoliǎngduàn。」xiǎojiěxúnzhǐquánshíyìngchéngshùnleliúhóngzéichuándàonánànjiāngchuánbiāoguǎnjiù穿chuānleguāngruǐguāndàileguānpíngtóngxiǎojiěwǎngjiāngzhōushàngrènle


逐句解 Line by line

jiānxiǎoxíng宿juédàohóngjiāngkǒu jiānxiǎoxíng宿juédàohóngjiāngkǒu

The road was hard; travelling by day and resting by night, before they knew it they had reached the Hong River ferry.

曉行夜宿 — moving at dawn, lodging at dusk — is the four-character way of saying a long hard journey, and the chapter will reuse it later for an army. 渡口 is the ferry crossing. They arrive without noticing, which is how these things go.

zhǐjiànshāoziliúhóngbiāoèrrénchēngchuándàoànyíngjiē zhǐjiànshāoziliúhóngbiāoèrrénchēngchuándàoànyíngjiē

There they saw two boatmen, Liu Hong and Li Biao, who poled their boat to the bank to receive them.

梢子, boatman, with unstressed as zi; 撐船 is to pole a boat along. Two men, named the moment they appear — the novel has no intention of pretending they are anything but what they are.

shìguāngruǐqiánshēngdāngyǒuzāinànzhuàngzháozhèyuānjiā shìguāngruǐqiánshēngdāngyǒuzāinànzhuàngzháozhèyuānjiā

It was that Guangrui was fated from a former life to meet this calamity, and so ran straight into these enemies.

Before anything happens, the narrator hands us the explanation: this was owed from a former life. 合當 is destined to, ought by rights to; 災難, calamity, takes as nàn; and 撞著, to collide with, takes as zháo, the reading for something that lands. The karmic frame does two jobs at once. It explains the horror, and it holds it at arm's length.

guāngruǐlìngjiātóngjiāngxíngbānshàngchuánzhèngshàngchuán guāngruǐlìngjiātóngjiāngxíngbānshàngchuánzhèngshàngchuán

Guangrui had his serving-boy carry the baggage aboard, and just as husband and wife were boarding together,

is jiāng again, taking hold of the baggage so the verb can move it. The serving-boy carries; the couple step aboard together.

liúhóngzhēngyǎnkànjiànyīnxiǎojiěmiàn滿mǎnyuèyǎnqiūyīngtáoxiǎokǒuliǔmányāo liúhóngzhēngyǎnkànjiànyīnxiǎojiěmiànmǎnyuèyǎnqiūyīngtáoxiǎokǒu绿liǔmányāo

Liu Hong, opening his eyes, saw that Yin Wenjiao's face was like the full moon, her eyes like autumn ripples, her small mouth a cherry, her supple waist a green willow —

A stock inventory of beauty, delivered from inside the murderer's eyes: face like the full moon, eyes like autumn ripples, cherry mouth, willow waist. Every phrase here is fixed, and every one is still in use. 眼似秋波 takes as ; in 那劉洪 is the pointing .

zhēnyǒuchénluòyànzhīróngyuèxiūhuāzhīmàodǒulángxīn zhēnyǒuchénluòyànzhīróngyuèxiūhuāzhīmàodǒulángxīn

truly one with the look that 'sinks fish and downs wild geese,' the face that 'hides the moon and shames the flowers' — and a wolf's greed rose up in him.

沉魚落雁 and 閉月羞花 are the two largest compliments in the language: she is so lovely that fish sink out of sight and wild geese drop from the air, that the moon hides itself and flowers are put to shame. Both are ordinary idioms in Chinese today. And the sentence carrying them ends with 狼心, a wolf's heart, going up in him. The loveliest phrases the novel owns are set directly against the worst impulse it can name.

suìbiāoshèjiāngchuánchēngzhìméirényānchù suìbiāoshèjiāngchuánchēngzhìméirényānchù

He then laid a plan with Li Biao and poled the boat to a spot without a soul about.

沒人煙處 is a place with no cooking-smoke — the everyday Chinese test for whether anyone lives somewhere. They pole to where nobody does.

hòuzhìjìngsāngēngxiānjiāngjiātóngshājiāngguāngruǐshīshǒudōutuīzàishuǐle hòuzhìjìngsāngēngxiānjiāngjiātóngshājiāngguāngruǐshīshǒudōutuīzàishuǐle

Waiting till the still of the third watch, they first killed the serving-boy, then beat Guangrui to death, and pushed both bodies into the water.

三更 is the third watch, around midnight, with as gēng. The prose stays flatly administrative: first the serving-boy, then Guangrui, then both bodies over the side. is jiāng again, and here is dōu, all of them — not the of a capital city we met on the first page.

xiǎojiějiànlezhàng便biànjiāngshēnshuǐ xiǎojiějiànlezhàng便biànjiāngshēnshuǐ

When the lady saw that her husband had been killed, she made to throw herself into the water as well.

赴水 is to go to the water, meaning to drown yourself. Her first impulse is not fear. It is to follow him in.

liúhóngbàozhùdào:「ruòcóngwànshìjiēxiūruòcóngshídāoliǎngduàn。」 liúhóngbàozhùdào:「ruòcóngwànshìjiēxiūruòcóngshídāoliǎngduàn。」

Liu Hong seized her in his arms, saying, 'If you will be mine, all is well; but if you will not, then it is the end at a single stroke.'

一刀兩斷, one cut and two pieces, is still ordinary Chinese for breaking something off cleanly — a relationship, usually. In his mouth it is not a figure of speech.

xiǎojiěxúnzhǐquánshíyìngchéngshùnleliúhóng xiǎojiěxúnzhǐquánshíyìngchéngshùnleliúhóng

The lady, finding no recourse, could only consent for the moment and submit to Liu Hong.

只得, could do nothing but, with as ; 應承, to assent, takes as yìng. The load-bearing word is 權時, for the time being. She is not surrendering; she is buying time, and she is buying it for the child she is carrying.

zéichuándàonánànjiāngchuánbiāoguǎn zéichuándàonánànjiāngchuánbiāoguǎn

The villain poled the boat to the south bank and handed it over to Li Biao to keep,

那賊, that villain. The narrator drops the man's name here and calls him what he is for most of the rest of the chapter. is the pointing ; 付與 is to hand over.

jiù穿chuānleguāngruǐguāndàileguānpíngtóngxiǎojiěwǎngjiāngzhōushàngrènle jiù穿chuānleguāngruǐguāndàileguānpíngtóngxiǎojiěwǎngjiāngzhōushàngrènle

and himself put on Guangrui's robes and cap, took his official credentials, and went off with the lady to take up the post at Jiangzhou.

衣冠 is the robes and cap of office, with as the noun guān, a cap, rather than the verb guàn, to cap. 官憑 is the paperwork that proves who you are. He puts on the dead man's clothes, pockets the dead man's credentials and goes off to do the dead man's job. What he steals is not a wife only but an entire identity, and it holds for eighteen years.


總評 Commentary

The whole catastrophe takes thirteen short segments. Two boatmen see the wife, pole to an empty stretch of water, kill the serving-boy and then the husband, and put both bodies over the side. The widow, pregnant, is offered a choice that is not one. Liu Hong then takes the robes, the credentials and the post, and walks into a governor's job wearing a dead man's clothes.

Notice where the novel puts its prettiest writing. The catalogue of Yin Wenjiao's beauty — moon face, autumn-ripple eyes, 沉魚落雁, 閉月羞花 — is entirely conventional, the sort of thing a storyteller could recite half asleep. It is placed inside Liu Hong's eyeline, and the sentence it belongs to finishes with 狼心, a wolf's heart, rising in him. The convention turns into a motive while you are reading it.

The narrator also gets his excuse in first: 光蕊前生合當有此災難, the calamity was owed from a former life. Karma explains the horror and, in the same breath, keeps it at a workable distance. Underneath all of it sits an older story. This episode is the literary working-out of the 江流和尚 legend, the Monk River-Float — a baby set adrift who grows up to avenge his parents — and Dudbridge traces that material behind the novel's whole account of where Tripitaka came from.