第九回 · 婆婆訴苦 The Grandmother's Grief — Journey to the West

原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

婆婆訴苦 The Grandmother's Grief

婆pó婆po道dào：「你nǐ怎zěn麼me曉xiǎo得de來lái尋xún我wǒ？」玄xuán奘zàng道dào：「是shì我wǒ娘niáng著zhuó我wǒ來lái尋xún婆pó婆po。我wǒ娘niáng有yǒu書shū在zài此cǐ，又yòu有yǒu香xiāng環huán一yì隻zhī。」那nà婆pó婆po接jiē了le書shū並bìng香xiāng環huán，放fàng聲shēng痛tòng哭kū道dào：「我wǒ兒ér為wèi功gōng名míng到dào此cǐ，我wǒ只zhǐ道dào他tā背bèi義yì忘wàng恩ēn，那nǎ知zhī他tā被bèi人rén謀móu死sǐ。且qiě喜xǐ得dé皇huáng天tiān憐lián念niàn，不bù絕jué我wǒ兒ér之zhī後hòu，今jīn日rì還hái有yǒu孫sūn子zi來lái尋xún我wǒ。」玄xuán奘zàng問wèn：「婆pó婆po的de眼yǎn，如rú何hé都dōu昏hūn了le？」婆pó婆po道dào：「我wǒ因yīn思sī量liáng你nǐ父fù親qīn，終zhōng日rì懸xuán望wàng，不bú見jiàn他tā來lái，因yīn此cǐ上shàng哭kū得de兩liǎng眼yǎn都dōu昏hūn了le。」婆pó婆po道dào：「你nǐ怎zěn么me晓xiǎo得de来lái寻xún我wǒ？」玄xuán奘zàng道dào：「是shì我wǒ娘niáng著zhuó我wǒ来lái寻xún婆pó婆po。我wǒ娘niáng有yǒu书shū在zài此cǐ，又yòu有yǒu香xiāng环huán一yì只zhī。」那nà婆pó婆po接jiē了le书shū并bìng香xiāng环huán，放fàng声shēng痛tòng哭kū道dào：「我wǒ儿ér为wèi功gōng名míng到dào此cǐ，我wǒ只zhǐ道dào他tā背bèi义yì忘wàng恩ēn，那nǎ知zhī他tā被bèi人rén谋móu死sǐ。且qiě喜xǐ得dé皇huáng天tiān怜lián念niàn，不bù绝jué我wǒ儿ér之zhī后hòu，今jīn日rì还hái有yǒu孙sūn子zi来lái寻xún我wǒ。」玄xuán奘zàng问wèn：「婆pó婆po的de眼yǎn，如rú何hé都dōu昏hūn了le？」婆pó婆po道dào：「我wǒ因yīn思sī量liáng你nǐ父fù亲qīn，终zhōng日rì悬xuán望wàng，不bú见jiàn他tā来lái，因yīn此cǐ上shàng哭kū得de两liǎng眼yǎn都dōu昏hūn了le。」

逐句解 Line by line

婆pó婆po道dào：「你nǐ怎zěn麼me曉xiǎo得de來lái尋xún我wǒ？」婆pó婆po道dào：「你nǐ怎zěn么me晓xiǎo得de来lái寻xún我wǒ？」

The grandmother said, 'How did you come to know to seek me?'

曉得 ('to know') — 得 is the resultative de.

玄xuán奘zàng道dào：「是shì我wǒ娘niáng著zhuó我wǒ來lái尋xún婆pó婆po。玄xuán奘zàng道dào：「是shì我wǒ娘niáng著zhuó我wǒ来lái寻xún婆pó婆po。

Xuanzang said, 'It was my mother who sent me to seek you, grandmother.'

著我來尋, 'had me come seek' — 著 here is the causative zhuó, 'to send.'

我wǒ娘niáng有yǒu書shū在zài此cǐ，又yòu有yǒu香xiāng環huán一yì隻zhī。」我wǒ娘niáng有yǒu书shū在zài此cǐ，又yòu有yǒu香xiāng环huán一yì只zhī。」

'My mother has a letter here, and an incense-ring besides.'

香環一隻, a single incense-ring — the token.

那nà婆pó婆po接jiē了le書shū並bìng香xiāng環huán，放fàng聲shēng痛tòng哭kū道dào：那nà婆pó婆po接jiē了le书shū并bìng香xiāng环huán，放fàng声shēng痛tòng哭kū道dào：

The grandmother took the letter and the ring, and crying aloud wept:

放聲痛哭, to weep aloud.

「我wǒ兒ér為wèi功gōng名míng到dào此cǐ，我wǒ只zhǐ道dào他tā背bèi義yì忘wàng恩ēn，那nǎ知zhī他tā被bèi人rén謀móu死sǐ。「我wǒ儿ér为wèi功gōng名míng到dào此cǐ，我wǒ只zhǐ道dào他tā背bèi义yì忘wàng恩ēn，那nǎ知zhī他tā被bèi人rén谋móu死sǐ。

'My son went for fame and office and came to this; I only thought he had turned his back on duty and forgotten kindness — who would have known he had been murdered?'

為功名, for the sake of fame — 為 here is wèi; 那知 ('who would have known') takes interrogative 那 = nǎ (for 哪).

且qiě喜xǐ得dé皇huáng天tiān憐lián念niàn，不bù絕jué我wǒ兒ér之zhī後hòu，且qiě喜xǐ得dé皇huáng天tiān怜lián念niàn，不bù绝jué我wǒ儿ér之zhī后hòu，

'Yet I am glad that Heaven took pity and did not cut off my son's line —'

不絕我兒之後, did not end his posterity.

今jīn日rì還hái有yǒu孫sūn子zi來lái尋xún我wǒ。」今jīn日rì还hái有yǒu孙sūn子zi来lái寻xún我wǒ。」

'today there is even a grandson come to seek me.'

孫子, grandson — 子 neutral zi; 還有 ('there is even') — 還 is hái.

玄xuán奘zàng問wèn：「婆pó婆po的de眼yǎn，如rú何hé都dōu昏hūn了le？」玄xuán奘zàng问wèn：「婆pó婆po的de眼yǎn，如rú何hé都dōu昏hūn了le？」

Xuanzang asked, 'Grandmother, how is it your eyes are both gone blind?'

都昏, both grown dim — 都 is dōu.

婆pó婆po道dào：「我wǒ因yīn思sī量liáng你nǐ父fù親qīn，終zhōng日rì懸xuán望wàng，不bú見jiàn他tā來lái，因yīn此cǐ上shàng哭kū得de兩liǎng眼yǎn都dōu昏hūn了le。」婆pó婆po道dào：「我wǒ因yīn思sī量liáng你nǐ父fù亲qīn，终zhōng日rì悬xuán望wàng，不bú见jiàn他tā来lái，因yīn此cǐ上shàng哭kū得de两liǎng眼yǎn都dōu昏hūn了le。」

The grandmother said, 'Out of longing for your father, day after day I gazed for him and he did not come, and so I wept till both my eyes went dark.'

思量, to long and ponder — 量 is liáng; 哭得 ('wept until') takes 得 as the resultative de; 都 = dōu.

總評 Commentary

The reunion's emotional weight falls here, in the grandmother's lament. Her confession — that she had thought her son had 'turned his back on duty and forgotten kindness' (背義忘恩), never dreaming he had been murdered — measures the cruelty of the silence the crime imposed. Her gladness that Heaven 'did not cut off her son's line' turns at once to the grandson before her. The cause of her blindness — weeping for a son who never came — is given plainly (思量…哭得兩眼都昏), and it is precisely this grief-blindness that Xuanzang's filial act in the next passage will undo.