Canonical Classics ← 第四十九回
第四十九回
三sān藏zàng有yǒu災zāi沉chén水shuǐ宅zhái
觀guān音yīn救jiù難nàn現xiàn魚yú籃lán

Tripitaka Meets Disaster and Sinks in the Water Mansion · Guanyin, Saving from Peril, Appears with the Fish Basket

門前對詰
模式 Mode Read Study
拼音 Pinyin Off
字體 Script 繁
原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

門前對詰 The Quarrel at the Gate

妖yāo邪xié出chū得dé門mén來lái,隨suí後hòu有yǒu百bǎi十shí個gè小xiǎo妖yāo,一yí個gè個gè掄lūn槍qiāng舞wǔ劍jiàn,擺bǎi開kāi兩liǎng哨shào。對duì八bā戒jiè道dào:「你nǐ是shì那nǎ寺sì裡lǐ和hé尚shàng?為wèi甚shén到dào此cǐ喧xuān嚷rǎng?」八bā戒jiè喝hè道dào:「我wǒ把bǎ你nǐ這zhè打dǎ不bù死sǐ的de潑pō物wù!你nǐ前qián夜yè與yǔ我wǒ頂dǐng嘴zuǐ,今jīn日rì如rú何hé推tuī不bù知zhī來lái問wèn我wǒ?我wǒ本běn是shì東dōng土tǔ大dà唐táng聖shèng僧sēng之zhī徒tú弟dì,往wǎng西xī天tiān拜bài佛fó求qiú經jīng者zhě。你nǐ弄nòng玄xuán虛xū,假jiǎ做zuò甚shén麼me靈líng感gǎn大dà王wáng,專zhuān在zài陳chén家jiā莊zhuāng要yào吃chī童tóng男nán童tóng女nǚ。我wǒ本běn是shì陳chén清qīng家jiā一yí秤chèng金jīn,你nǐ不bú認rèn得dé我wǒ麼me?」那nà妖yāo怪guài道dào:「你nǐ這zhè和hé尚shàng,甚shèn沒méi道dào理lǐ。你nǐ變biàn做zuò一yí秤chèng金jīn,該gāi一yí個gè冒mào名míng頂dǐng替tì之zhī罪zuì。我wǒ倒dào不bù曾céng吃chī你nǐ,反fǎn被bèi你nǐ傷shāng了le我wǒ手shǒu背bèi。已yǐ此cǐ讓ràng了le你nǐ,你nǐ怎zěn麼me又yòu尋xún上shàng我wǒ的de門mén來lái?」八bā戒jiè道dào:「你nǐ既jì讓ràng我wǒ,卻què怎zěn麼me又yòu弄nòng冷lěng風fēng,下xià大dà雪xuě,凍dòng結jié堅jiān冰bīng,害hài我wǒ師shī父fù?快kuài早zǎo送sòng我wǒ師shī父fù出chū來lái,萬wàn事shì皆jiē休xiū;牙yá迸bèng半bàn個gè『不bù』字zì,你nǐ只zhǐ看kàn看kàn手shǒu中zhōng鈀pá,決jué不bù饒ráo你nǐ。」妖yāo邪xié聞wén言yán,微wēi微wēi冷lěng笑xiào道dào:「這zhè和hé尚shàng賣mài此cǐ長cháng舌shé,胡hú誇kuā大dà口kǒu。果guǒ然rán是shì我wǒ作zuò冷lěng下xià雪xuě凍dòng河hé,攝shè你nǐ師shī父fù。你nǐ今jīn嚷rǎng上shàng門mén來lái,思sī量liáng取qǔ討tǎo,只zhǐ怕pà這zhè一yì番fān不bù比bǐ那nà一yì番fān了le:那nà時shí節jié,我wǒ因yīn赴fù會huì,不bù曾céng帶dài得dé兵bīng器qì,誤wù中zhòng你nǐ傷shāng;你nǐ如rú今jīn且qiě休xiū要yào走zǒu,我wǒ與yǔ你nǐ交jiāo敵dí三sān合hé。三sān合hé敵dí得dé我wǒ過guò,還huán你nǐ師shī父fù;敵dí不bú過guò,連lián你nǐ一yì發fā吃chī了le。」妖yāo邪xié出chū得dé门mén来lái,随suí后hòu有yǒu百bǎi十shí个gè小xiǎo妖yāo,一yí个gè个gè抡lūn枪qiāng舞wǔ剑jiàn,摆bǎi开kāi两liǎng哨shào。对duì八bā戒jiè道dào:「你nǐ是shì那nǎ寺sì里lǐ和hé尚shàng?为wèi甚shén到dào此cǐ喧xuān嚷rǎng?」八bā戒jiè喝hè道dào:「我wǒ把bǎ你nǐ这zhè打dǎ不bù死sǐ的de泼pō物wù!你nǐ前qián夜yè与yǔ我wǒ顶dǐng嘴zuǐ,今jīn日rì如rú何hé推tuī不bù知zhī来lái问wèn我wǒ?我wǒ本běn是shì东dōng土tǔ大dà唐táng圣shèng僧sēng之zhī徒tú弟dì,往wǎng西xī天tiān拜bài佛fó求qiú经jīng者zhě。你nǐ弄nòng玄xuán虚xū,假jiǎ做zuò甚shén么me灵líng感gǎn大dà王wáng,专zhuān在zài陈chén家jiā庄zhuāng要yào吃chī童tóng男nán童tóng女nǚ。我wǒ本běn是shì陈chén清qīng家jiā一yí秤chèng金jīn,你nǐ不bú认rèn得dé我wǒ么me?」那nà妖yāo怪guài道dào:「你nǐ这zhè和hé尚shàng,甚shèn没méi道dào理lǐ。你nǐ变biàn做zuò一yí秤chèng金jīn,该gāi一yí个gè冒mào名míng顶dǐng替tì之zhī罪zuì。我wǒ倒dào不bù曾céng吃chī你nǐ,反fǎn被bèi你nǐ伤shāng了le我wǒ手shǒu背bèi。已yǐ此cǐ让ràng了le你nǐ,你nǐ怎zěn么me又yòu寻xún上shàng我wǒ的de门mén来lái?」八bā戒jiè道dào:「你nǐ既jì让ràng我wǒ,却què怎zěn么me又yòu弄nòng冷lěng风fēng,下xià大dà雪xuě,冻dòng结jié坚jiān冰bīng,害hài我wǒ师shī父fù?快kuài早zǎo送sòng我wǒ师shī父fù出chū来lái,万wàn事shì皆jiē休xiū;牙yá迸bèng半bàn个gè『不bù』字zì,你nǐ只zhǐ看kàn看kàn手shǒu中zhōng钯pá,决jué不bù饶ráo你nǐ。」妖yāo邪xié闻wén言yán,微wēi微wēi冷lěng笑xiào道dào:「这zhè和hé尚shàng卖mài此cǐ长cháng舌shé,胡hú夸kuā大dà口kǒu。果guǒ然rán是shì我wǒ作zuò冷lěng下xià雪xuě冻dòng河hé,摄shè你nǐ师shī父fù。你nǐ今jīn嚷rǎng上shàng门mén来lái,思sī量liáng取qǔ讨tǎo,只zhǐ怕pà这zhè一yì番fān不bù比bǐ那nà一yì番fān了le:那nà时shí节jié,我wǒ因yīn赴fù会huì,不bù曾céng带dài得dé兵bīng器qì,误wù中zhòng你nǐ伤shāng;你nǐ如rú今jīn且qiě休xiū要yào走zǒu,我wǒ与yǔ你nǐ交jiāo敌dí三sān合hé。三sān合hé敌dí得dé我wǒ过guò,还huán你nǐ师shī父fù;敌dí不bú过guò,连lián你nǐ一yì发fā吃chī了le。」


逐句解 Line by line

妖yāo邪xié出chū得dé門mén來lái,隨suí後hòu有yǒu百bǎi十shí個gè小xiǎo妖yāo,一yí個gè個gè掄lūn槍qiāng舞wǔ劍jiàn,擺bǎi開kāi兩liǎng哨shào。 妖yāo邪xié出chū得dé门mén来lái,随suí后hòu有yǒu百bǎi十shí个gè小xiǎo妖yāo,一yí个gè个gè抡lūn枪qiāng舞wǔ剑jiàn,摆bǎi开kāi两liǎng哨shào。

The fiend got out through his gate, and behind him came a hundred and more little demons, every one whirling a spear or brandishing a sword, drawn up in two files.

出得門來: 得 dé, the "managed to" form. 兩哨 is two files or pickets — the household turning out as a guard detail.

對duì八bā戒jiè道dào:「你nǐ是shì那nǎ寺sì裡lǐ和hé尚shàng? 对duì八bā戒jiè道dào:「你nǐ是shì那nǎ寺sì里lǐ和hé尚shàng?

He said to Eight Rules: "From which monastery are you, monk?

那寺裡 asks: 那 nǎ, "which."

為wèi甚shén到dào此cǐ喧xuān嚷rǎng?」 为wèi甚shén到dào此cǐ喧xuān嚷rǎng?」

And why do you come here raising an uproar?"

為甚: 為 is wèi, the "for the sake of, on account of" reading, and 甚 is shén, "what" — together, "what for." Hold on to that 甚: six segments from here the same character turns up as shèn, meaning "extremely."

八bā戒jiè喝hè道dào:「我wǒ把bǎ你nǐ這zhè打dǎ不bù死sǐ的de潑pō物wù! 八bā戒jiè喝hè道dào:「我wǒ把bǎ你nǐ这zhè打dǎ不bù死sǐ的de泼pō物wù!

Eight Rules bellowed: "You rascally thing that will not die!

我把你這 is a swear left hanging. 把 normally sets up what you are going to do to something, and here the sentence never gets round to saying — it is exactly the English "why, you —".

你nǐ前qián夜yè與yǔ我wǒ頂dǐng嘴zuǐ,今jīn日rì如rú何hé推tuī不bù知zhī來lái問wèn我wǒ? 你nǐ前qián夜yè与yǔ我wǒ顶dǐng嘴zuǐ,今jīn日rì如rú何hé推tuī不bù知zhī来lái问wèn我wǒ?

The night before last you traded words with me. How is it that today you push it off as not knowing, and question me?

推不知, to shove a thing aside as none of your business, to play dumb. 前夜 refers to the sacrifice at Chen Village back in chapter 47, where Bajie took the girl's place and the demon got a rake across the hand.

我wǒ本běn是shì東dōng土tǔ大dà唐táng聖shèng僧sēng之zhī徒tú弟dì,往wǎng西xī天tiān拜bài佛fó求qiú經jīng者zhě。 我wǒ本běn是shì东dōng土tǔ大dà唐táng圣shèng僧sēng之zhī徒tú弟dì,往wǎng西xī天tiān拜bài佛fó求qiú经jīng者zhě。

I am a disciple of the holy monk of the Great Tang in the Land of the East, bound west to worship the Buddha and seek the scriptures.

The standing self-introduction, repeated with barely a word changed all through the novel — the pilgrims' equivalent of showing a badge. 佛 is always fó.

你nǐ弄nòng玄xuán虛xū,假jiǎ做zuò甚shén麼me靈líng感gǎn大dà王wáng,專zhuān在zài陳chén家jiā莊zhuāng要yào吃chī童tóng男nán童tóng女nǚ。 你nǐ弄nòng玄xuán虚xū,假jiǎ做zuò甚shén么me灵líng感gǎn大dà王wáng,专zhuān在zài陈chén家jiā庄zhuāng要yào吃chī童tóng男nán童tóng女nǚ。

You work your mystifications, set yourself up as some Great King Numinous Response, and do nothing in Chen Village but demand boys and girls to eat.

假做甚麼靈感大王: the 甚麼 here is dismissive — "setting yourself up as some so-called Great King." 甚 shén. 專在, to do nothing but.

我wǒ本běn是shì陳chén清qīng家jiā一yí秤chèng金jīn,你nǐ不bú認rèn得dé我wǒ麼me?」 我wǒ本běn是shì陈chén清qīng家jiā一yí秤chèng金jīn,你nǐ不bú认rèn得dé我wǒ么me?」

I myself was Chen Qing's Weight-of-Gold. Do you not know me?"

一秤金, A Full Weight of Gold, is the name of Chen Qing's daughter from chapter 47 — the child Bajie impersonated at the sacrifice. He is claiming the identity as a taunt. 秤 chèng; 認得 keeps 得 as dé.

那nà妖yāo怪guài道dào:「你nǐ這zhè和hé尚shàng,甚shèn沒méi道dào理lǐ。 那nà妖yāo怪guài道dào:「你nǐ这zhè和hé尚shàng,甚shèn没méi道dào理lǐ。

The monster said: "You monk are entirely without reason.

And here is the promised second reading. 甚沒道理: this 甚 is shèn, "extremely" — the same character that was shén, "what," twice already in this quarrel. 沒 méi.

你nǐ變biàn做zuò一yí秤chèng金jīn,該gāi一yí個gè冒mào名míng頂dǐng替tì之zhī罪zuì。 你nǐ变biàn做zuò一yí秤chèng金jīn,该gāi一yí个gè冒mào名míng顶dǐng替tì之zhī罪zuì。

You changed yourself into Weight-of-Gold, and that alone earns you the crime of false name and substitution.

冒名頂替 is legal boilerplate — taking another person's name and standing in another person's place. The demon is not swearing back at Bajie; he is charging him under a statute. That is the register he means to keep for the rest of the argument.

我wǒ倒dào不bù曾céng吃chī你nǐ,反fǎn被bèi你nǐ傷shāng了le我wǒ手shǒu背bèi。 我wǒ倒dào不bù曾céng吃chī你nǐ,反fǎn被bèi你nǐ伤shāng了le我wǒ手shǒu背bèi。

I never did eat you. On the contrary, it was you who wounded me on the back of the hand.

倒 is dào, the "on the contrary" word, not dǎo, "to topple over" — which is what the same character will mean in the rake's poem a few lines further on. 手背: 背 bèi, the noun.

已yǐ此cǐ讓ràng了le你nǐ,你nǐ怎zěn麼me又yòu尋xún上shàng我wǒ的de門mén來lái?」 已yǐ此cǐ让ràng了le你nǐ,你nǐ怎zěn么me又yòu寻xún上shàng我wǒ的de门mén来lái?」

With that I let you off. Why do you come seeking my gate again?"

已此 is written for 以此, "and with that." The demon has been keeping an account, and as far as he is concerned it was settled and closed.

八bā戒jiè道dào:「你nǐ既jì讓ràng我wǒ,卻què怎zěn麼me又yòu弄nòng冷lěng風fēng,下xià大dà雪xuě,凍dòng結jié堅jiān冰bīng,害hài我wǒ師shī父fù? 八bā戒jiè道dào:「你nǐ既jì让ràng我wǒ,却què怎zěn么me又yòu弄nòng冷lěng风fēng,下xià大dà雪xuě,冻dòng结jié坚jiān冰bīng,害hài我wǒ师shī父fù?

Eight Rules said: "If you let me off, why then did you work a cold wind, bring down a great snow, freeze the ice hard, and do my master this harm?

The whole scheme of chapter 48 is read back to him as a charge sheet, in four short clauses: made a cold wind, brought down snow, froze the ice hard, harmed my master.

快kuài早zǎo送sòng我wǒ師shī父fù出chū來lái,萬wàn事shì皆jiē休xiū; 快kuài早zǎo送sòng我wǒ师shī父fù出chū来lái,万wàn事shì皆jiē休xiū;

Send my master out this instant and all is settled;

萬事皆休, "and all of it is over" — the standard offer of terms before a fight starts.

牙yá迸bèng半bàn個gè『不bù』字zì,你nǐ只zhǐ看kàn看kàn手shǒu中zhōng鈀pá,決jué不bù饒ráo你nǐ。」 牙yá迸bèng半bàn个gè『不bù』字zì,你nǐ只zhǐ看kàn看kàn手shǒu中zhōng钯pá,决jué不bù饶ráo你nǐ。」

but let half a 'no' burst out between your teeth, and you may look at the rake in my hand: I'll not spare you."

牙迸半個不字, "let half a no burst out between your teeth" — a wonderfully physical threat, and still the sort of thing spoken Chinese does well. There is a small technical prize here too. The 不 inside the quotation marks is not doing any negating; it is a character being named, like saying "the letter N." So it keeps its own dictionary tone, bù. In ordinary running speech, 不 standing before a falling tone like 字 would shift up to bú, and here it does not. 手中 中 zhōng; 看看 kàn.

妖yāo邪xié聞wén言yán,微wēi微wēi冷lěng笑xiào道dào:「這zhè和hé尚shàng賣mài此cǐ長cháng舌shé,胡hú誇kuā大dà口kǒu。 妖yāo邪xié闻wén言yán,微wēi微wēi冷lěng笑xiào道dào:「这zhè和hé尚shàng卖mài此cǐ长cháng舌shé,胡hú夸kuā大dà口kǒu。

Hearing this, the fiend gave a thin cold laugh: "This monk peddles a long tongue and brags with a great mouth.

長舌: 長 cháng. 胡誇大口, bragging with a big mouth. Note what the demon does with a death threat: he criticises its style. That is entirely in character.

果guǒ然rán是shì我wǒ作zuò冷lěng下xià雪xuě凍dòng河hé,攝shè你nǐ師shī父fù。 果guǒ然rán是shì我wǒ作zuò冷lěng下xià雪xuě冻dòng河hé,摄shè你nǐ师shī父fù。

It was indeed I who made the cold, sent down the snow, froze the river, and carried off your master.

攝 is to seize and carry off by magic rather than by hand. The confession comes without hesitation, because his defence was never that he is innocent — only that he was provoked first.

你nǐ今jīn嚷rǎng上shàng門mén來lái,思sī量liáng取qǔ討tǎo,只zhǐ怕pà這zhè一yì番fān不bù比bǐ那nà一yì番fān了le:那nà時shí節jié,我wǒ因yīn赴fù會huì,不bù曾céng帶dài得dé兵bīng器qì,誤wù中zhòng你nǐ傷shāng; 你nǐ今jīn嚷rǎng上shàng门mén来lái,思sī量liáng取qǔ讨tǎo,只zhǐ怕pà这zhè一yì番fān不bù比bǐ那nà一yì番fān了le:那nà时shí节jié,我wǒ因yīn赴fù会huì,不bù曾céng带dài得dé兵bīng器qì,误wù中zhòng你nǐ伤shāng;

Now you come bawling to my gate, thinking to demand him back. But I fear this time will not be like the last. On that occasion I was going to a banquet and had brought no weapon, so I took my wound from you by mischance;

誤中你傷: 中 here is zhòng, "to be hit, to take a blow" — not the zhōng, "inside," of 手中 three lines back. 思量 keeps 量 as liáng; 那一番 and 那時節 both point, 那 nà.

你nǐ如rú今jīn且qiě休xiū要yào走zǒu,我wǒ與yǔ你nǐ交jiāo敵dí三sān合hé。 你nǐ如rú今jīn且qiě休xiū要yào走zǒu,我wǒ与yǔ你nǐ交jiāo敌dí三sān合hé。

Today you had better not think of running. I'll meet you in three bouts.

三合, three bouts — a wager with a fixed count. He proposes it because he expects to win it. The chapter will bring that number back three separate times, and never once in his favour.

三sān合hé敵dí得dé我wǒ過guò,還huán你nǐ師shī父fù; 三sān合hé敌dí得dé我wǒ过guò,还huán你nǐ师shī父fù;

Hold out against me for three bouts and I'll give your master back;

還你師父: 還 is huán, the verb "to give back," not the adverb hái, "still." 敵得我過 keeps 得 as dé.

敵dí不bú過guò,連lián你nǐ一yì發fā吃chī了le。」 敌dí不bú过guò,连lián你nǐ一yì发fā吃chī了le。」

fail, and I'll eat you along with him."

一發, "in one go, the whole lot together." He states the terms of eating them as calmly as he would state the terms of a bet, and that calm is the point.


總評 Commentary

The quarrel is conducted almost entirely in the language of a lawsuit. Bajie lays a charge. The demon answers with what a lawyer would call confession and avoidance — yes, he sent the snow and took the monk, but Bajie committed 冒名頂替之罪, the offence of false name and substitution, by taking the girl's place at the sacrifice, and it was the demon who came away wounded. He then claims to have already waived the matter, 已此讓了你, and asks why the file has been reopened. Every move is one a litigant would make, and the novel lets the fact that the subject of the suit is who may eat whom speak entirely for itself.

This is also the densest patch of double-reading characters in the chapter, and every one of them is settled by the sentence rather than by a dictionary. 甚 is shén, "what," in 為甚 and 甚麼 but shèn, "extremely," in 甚沒道理. 中 is zhōng, "inside," in 手中 but zhòng, "struck," in 誤中你傷. 還 is the verb huán, "give back," in 還你師父, not the adverb hái. And 倒 is dào, "on the contrary," not the dǎo, "topple," that turns up in the rake's poem a few lines later.

The demon's closing excuse — that last time he was on his way to a banquet and had left his weapon at home — is the alibi of every beaten duellist in history, and it sets up the three-bout wager that governs the rest of the fight.