Canonical Classics ← 第四十九回
第四十九回
sānzàngyǒuzāichénshuǐzhái
guānyīnjiùnànxiànlán

Tripitaka Meets Disaster and Sinks in the Water Mansion · Guanyin, Saving from Peril, Appears with the Fish Basket

魚籃收妖
模式 Mode Read Study
拼音 Pinyin Off
字體 Script
原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

魚籃收妖 The Fish Basket

qǐngjiāndàoletōngtiānjièjièshāsēngkànjiàndào:「shīxiōngxìngzhīzàinánhǎizěnmeluànrǎngluànjiàowèishūzhuāngdejiānglái。」shuōliǎodàoànèrrénxiàbàidào:「děngshàngānyǒuzuìyǒuzuì。」jiěxiàgēnshùǎodetāojiānglánershuāndìngzhetāobànyúncǎipāozàizhōngwǎngshàngliùtóuchězhekǒuniànsòngzidào:「dehuódezhùdehuódezhù!」niànlebiànlánerdànjiànlánliàngzhuózhuówěijīnháizhǎnyǎndònglínjiào:「kōngkuàixiàshuǐjiùshī。」xíngzhědào:「wèicéngzhùyāoxiéjiùshī?」dào:「zhèlánershì?」jièshāsēngbàiwèndào:「zhèerzěnshēngyǒuděngshǒuduàn。」dào:「běnshìliánhuāchíyǎngdejīnměitóutīngjīngxiūchéngshǒuduànbǐngjiǔbàntóngchuínǎishìzhīwèikāidehàndànbèiyùnliànchéngbīngzhīshìhǎicháofànzhǎngzǒudàojiānjīnzǎolánkànhuāquèjiànzhèchūbàiqiāzhǐxúnwénsuànzhezàichéngjīnghàishīwèishūzhuāngyùnshéngōngzhīzhúlánerqín。」qǐngjiāndàoletōngtiānjièjièshāsēngkànjiàndào:「shīxiōngxìngzhīzàinánhǎizěnmeluànrǎngluànjiàowèishūzhuāngdejiānglái。」shuōliǎodàoànèrrénxiàbàidào:「děngshàngānyǒuzuìyǒuzuì。」jiěxiàgēnshùǎodetāojiānglánershuāndìngzhetāobànyúncǎipāozàizhōngwǎngshàngliùtóuchězhekǒuniànsòngzidào:「dehuódezhùdehuódezhù!」niànlebiànlánerdànjiànlánliàngzhuózhuówěijīnháizhǎnyǎndònglínjiào:「kōngkuàixiàshuǐjiùshī。」xíngzhědào:「wèicéngzhùyāoxiéjiùshī?」dào:「zhèlánershì?」jièshāsēngbàiwèndào:「zhèerzěnshēngyǒuděngshǒuduàn。」dào:「běnshìliánhuāchíyǎngdejīnměitóutīngjīngxiūchéngshǒuduànbǐngjiǔbàntóngchuínǎishìzhīwèikāidehàndànbèiyùnliànchéngbīngzhīshìhǎicháofànzhǎngzǒudàojiānjīnzǎolánkànhuāquèjiànzhèchūbàiqiāzhǐxúnwénsuànzhezàichéngjīnghàishīwèishūzhuāngyùnshéngōngzhīzhúlánerqín。」


逐句解 Line by line

qǐngjiāndàoletōngtiānjiè qǐngjiāndàoletōngtiānjiè

In an instant they reached the bounds of the River That Reaches to Heaven.

頃刻間 keeps as jiān; 到了 takes as the tag le. The whole return flight goes by in one clause.

jièshāsēngkànjiàndào:「shīxiōngxìngzhīzàinánhǎizěnmeluànrǎngluànjiàowèishūzhuāngdejiānglái。」 jièshāsēngkànjiàndào:「shīxiōngxìngzhīzàinánhǎizěnmeluànrǎngluànjiàowèishūzhuāngdejiānglái。」

Eight Rules and Sha Monk, seeing them, said: "Our elder brother is a hasty one — no telling what shouting and bawling he did in the Southern Sea, to force an unadorned Bodhisattva to come like this."

看見 keeps as kàn; 逼將來 keeps as jiāng. The brothers read her undress as evidence that Wukong bullied her out of her cave before she could dress — funny, and not entirely unfair about his manner.

shuōliǎodàoànèrrénxiàbàidào:「děngshàngānyǒuzuìyǒuzuì。」 shuōliǎodàoànèrrénxiàbàidào:「děngshàngānyǒuzuìyǒuzuì。」

Before they had finished, she reached the riverbank. The two of them bowed low: "Bodhisattva, we acted presumptuously — our fault, our fault."

說不了 takes as liǎo, "to finish." 擅干, to presume, to go over someone's head. They are apologising for having troubled her. They still have no idea what she has brought with her.

jiěxiàgēnshùǎodetāojiānglánershuāndìngzhetāobànyúncǎipāozàizhōngwǎngshàngliùtóuchězhekǒuniànsòngzidào:「dehuódezhùdehuódezhù!」 jiěxiàgēnshùǎodetāojiānglánershuāndìngzhetāobànyúncǎipāozàizhōngwǎngshàngliùtóuchězhekǒuniànsòngzidào:「dehuódezhùdehuódezhù!」

The Bodhisattva at once loosed the silk cord that sashed her jacket, made the basket fast to it, and holding the cord, half-astride her cloud, cast the basket into the river; then, drawing it upstream, she recited a verse-charm: "The dead, be gone; the living, remain. The dead, be gone; the living, remain!"

Two occurrences each of 絲絛 and , sorted by position. The 絲絛 (sī tāo) is the silk cord holding her jacket shut — the same undress the poem dwelt on, now turning out to be the tool. 拴定 and 扯著 take as zhe; 籃兒 takes as er; 河中 keeps as zhōng; 頌子 takes as zi, and a is a short chanted verse. A 。 and a ! divide the charm in the source and it is one utterance. What it says is a spell of sorting: dead things go, living things stay.

niànlebiànlánerdànjiànlánliàngzhuózhuówěijīnháizhǎnyǎndònglín niànlebiànlánerdànjiànlánliàngzhuózhuówěijīnháizhǎnyǎndònglín

When she had recited it seven times, she lifted the basket — and behold, within it, gleaming bright, a single golden fish, its scales still stirring, its eyes still blinking.

念了七遍 takes as le; 籃兒 takes as er; 那籃裡 points, . 還斬眼 keeps as hái, "still," and 斬眼 is written for 眨眼, to blink. The demon of two chapters, lifted out of the water, is a fish in a basket with its scales still moving.

jiào:「kōngkuàixiàshuǐjiùshī。」 jiào:「kōngkuàixiàshuǐjiùshī。」

The Bodhisattva called: "Wukong, quick, go down into the water and save your master."

救你師父耶 — the at the end is the spoken nudge, "go on, then." With the demon in the basket the river has nothing left in it, and the rescue is now an errand.

xíngzhědào:「wèicéngzhùyāoxiéjiùshī?」 xíngzhědào:「wèicéngzhùyāoxiéjiùshī?」

Pilgrim said: "But the fiend is not yet caught — how are we to save our master?"

拿住, to catch and hold. 救得 keeps as . Wukong has not understood that the fish in the basket is the demon. The miracle has gone past him and he is still asking about the fight.

dào:「zhèlánershì?」 dào:「zhèlánershì?」

The Bodhisattva said: "Is he not here in the basket?"

這籃兒裡不是 takes as er. The question is the reveal — isn't he here? — and it undoes the whole chapter with a basket dipped once in a river.

jièshāsēngbàiwèndào:「zhèerzěnshēngyǒuděngshǒuduàn。」 jièshāsēngbàiwèndào:「zhèerzěnshēngyǒuděngshǒuduàn。」

Eight Rules and Sha Monk bowed and asked: "How does this fish come to have such powers?"

魚兒 takes as er; 那等手段 points, , "such." The brothers ask the question the reader is asking, and her answer supplies the demon's entire biography.

dào:「běnshìliánhuāchíyǎngdejīnměitóutīngjīngxiūchéngshǒuduàn dào:「běnshìliánhuāchíyǎngdejīnměitóutīngjīngxiūchéngshǒuduàn

The Bodhisattva said: "He was originally a golden fish reared in my lotus pool. Each day he floated up to hear the scriptures, and so cultivated his powers.

蓮花池裡養大, reared in the lotus pool; 浮頭聽經, floating up to the surface to listen to the scriptures. This is where the demon came from — her own fish, who grew powerful by eavesdropping on sermons. Cultivation by overhearing.

bǐngjiǔbàntóngchuínǎishìzhīwèikāidehàndànbèiyùnliànchéngbīng bǐngjiǔbàntóngchuínǎishìzhīwèikāidehàndànbèiyùnliànchéngbīng

That nine-petalled copper mallet was an unopened lotus-bud, which he wrought and tempered into a weapon.

那一柄 points, . 菡萏 (hàn dàn) is the classical word for a lotus flower still closed. So the mallet's lotus nature, boasted about at such length in its own poem, was literal all along: it is a bud out of Guanyin's pool.

zhīshìhǎicháofànzhǎngzǒudàojiān zhīshìhǎicháofànzhǎngzǒudàojiān

I do not know on what day a sea-tide swelled and he made his way to this place.

那一日 points, . 泛漲 takes as zhǎng, water rising; 此間 keeps as jiān. Even she does not know which day her fish got out — a rare admission of a limit, dropped in without comment.

jīnzǎolánkànhuāquèjiànzhèchūbàiqiāzhǐxúnwénsuànzhezàichéngjīnghàishīwèishūzhuāngyùnshéngōngzhīzhúlánerqín。」 jīnzǎolánkànhuāquèjiànzhèchūbàiqiāzhǐxúnwénsuànzhezàichéngjīnghàishīwèishūzhuāngyùnshéngōngzhīzhúlánerqín。」

This morning I leaned on my railing to look at the flowers and did not see this creature come to make his bow. I reckoned on my fingers, tracing the lines, and worked out that he had turned sprite here and was harming your master; and so, before I could dress my hair, I worked my divine power and wove a bamboo basket to catch him."

看花 keeps as kàn. 掐指巡紋 is finger-reckoning: pressing the thumbnail along the joints of the fingers to work out a divination, a gesture any Chinese reader would picture instantly — is qiā, to press with the nail. 算著 keeps as zhe; 竹籃兒 takes as er. And here at last is why she is undressed: she worked it out at her morning flowers and started weaving on the spot, without stopping to do her hair.


總評 Commentary

The miracle is performed with almost no ceremony at all, which is exactly what the long preparation was for. Guanyin unties the silk cord from her own jacket — the very undress the poem lingered over, now revealed as the working tool — knots the bamboo basket to it, casts it into the river, draws it upstream chanting 死的去活的住, and lifts out one golden fish with its scales still stirring. The creature who withstood three armed pilgrims and then sealed himself behind a wall of stone is simply scooped out of the water. Wukong, a step behind to the very end, asks how they are going to catch the fiend and is told he is already in the basket.

Her explanation collapses the whole chapter into a domestic accident. The 靈感大王 is a golden fish from her own lotus pool who grew strong by floating up each day to listen in on the scriptures, and his terrifying nine-petalled mallet is an unopened lotus bud, 菡萏, from the same pool, hammered into a weapon. He got out on a chance sea-tide, on a day she cannot name, and she noticed only this morning, leaning on her railing over the flowers, when the fish did not come up to pay its respects.

And the undress that has puzzled Wukong, his brothers and her entire court for four passages is accounted for in a single clause: 故此未及梳妝, and so, before she could do her hair. The most powerful being in the chapter met the crisis not with thunder and regalia but by sitting down with a knife and some bamboo, and the novel has spent its centre making sure the reader feels the force of that.