第三回 · 南柯夢醒 Waking from the Dream — Journey to the West

原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

南柯夢醒 Waking from the Dream

這zhè猴hóu王wáng打dǎ出chū城chéng中zhōng，忽hū然rán絆bàn著zháo一yí個gè草cǎo紇gē繨da，跌diē了le個gè躘lóng踵zhǒng，猛měng的de醒xǐng來lái，乃nǎi是shì南nán柯kē一yí夢mèng。才cái覺jué伸shēn腰yāo，只zhǐ聞wén得de四sì健jiàn將jiàng與yǔ眾zhòng猴hóu高gāo叫jiào道dào：「大dà王wáng，吃chī了le多duō少shǎo酒jiǔ，睡shuì這zhè一yí夜yè，還hái不bù醒xǐng來lái？」悟wù空kōng道dào：「睡shuì還hái小xiǎo可kě，我wǒ夢mèng見jiàn兩liǎng個gè人rén來lái此cǐ勾gōu我wǒ，把bǎ我wǒ帶dài到dào幽yōu冥míng界jiè城chéng門mén之zhī外wài，卻què才cái醒xǐng悟wù。是shì我wǒ顯xiǎn神shén通tōng，直zhí嚷rǎng到dào森sēn羅luó殿diàn，與yǔ那nà十shí王wáng爭zhēng吵chǎo，將jiāng我wǒ們men的de生shēng死sǐ簿bù子zi看kàn了le，但dàn有yǒu我wǒ等děng名míng號hào，俱jù是shì我wǒ勾gōu了le，都dōu不bù伏fú那nà廝sī所suǒ轄xiá也yě。」眾zhòng猴hóu磕kē頭tóu禮lǐ謝xiè。自zì此cǐ，山shān猴hóu多duō有yǒu不bù老lǎo者zhě，以yǐ陰yīn司sī無wú名míng故gù也yě。美měi猴hóu王wáng言yán畢bì前qián事shì，四sì健jiàn將jiàng報bào知zhī各gè洞dòng妖yāo王wáng，都dōu來lái賀hè喜xǐ。不bù幾jǐ日rì，六liù個gè義yì兄xiōng弟dì又yòu來lái拜bài賀hè，一yì聞wén銷xiāo名míng之zhī故gù，又yòu個gè個gè歡huān喜xǐ，每měi日rì聚jù樂lè不bù題tí。这zhè猴hóu王wáng打dǎ出chū城chéng中zhōng，忽hū然rán绊bàn著zháo一yí个gè草cǎo纥gē𫄤da，跌diē了le个gè𨀁lóng踵zhǒng，猛měng的de醒xǐng来lái，乃nǎi是shì南nán柯kē一yí梦mèng。才cái觉jué伸shēn腰yāo，只zhǐ闻wén得de四sì健jiàn将jiàng与yǔ众zhòng猴hóu高gāo叫jiào道dào：「大dà王wáng，吃chī了le多duō少shǎo酒jiǔ，睡shuì这zhè一yí夜yè，还hái不bù醒xǐng来lái？」悟wù空kōng道dào：「睡shuì还hái小xiǎo可kě，我wǒ梦mèng见jiàn两liǎng个gè人rén来lái此cǐ勾gōu我wǒ，把bǎ我wǒ带dài到dào幽yōu冥míng界jiè城chéng门mén之zhī外wài，却què才cái醒xǐng悟wù。是shì我wǒ显xiǎn神shén通tōng，直zhí嚷rǎng到dào森sēn罗luó殿diàn，与yǔ那nà十shí王wáng争zhēng吵chǎo，将jiāng我wǒ们men的de生shēng死sǐ簿bù子zi看kàn了le，但dàn有yǒu我wǒ等děng名míng号hào，俱jù是shì我wǒ勾gōu了le，都dōu不bù伏fú那nà厮sī所suǒ辖xiá也yě。」众zhòng猴hóu磕kē头tóu礼lǐ谢xiè。自zì此cǐ，山shān猴hóu多duō有yǒu不bù老lǎo者zhě，以yǐ阴yīn司sī无wú名míng故gù也yě。美měi猴hóu王wáng言yán毕bì前qián事shì，四sì健jiàn将jiàng报bào知zhī各gè洞dòng妖yāo王wáng，都dōu来lái贺hè喜xǐ。不bù几jǐ日rì，六liù个gè义yì兄xiōng弟dì又yòu来lái拜bài贺hè，一yì闻wén销xiāo名míng之zhī故gù，又yòu个gè个gè欢huān喜xǐ，每měi日rì聚jù乐lè不bù题tí。

逐句解 Line by line

這zhè猴hóu王wáng打dǎ出chū城chéng中zhōng，忽hū然rán絆bàn著zháo一yí個gè草cǎo紇gē繨da，跌diē了le個gè躘lóng踵zhǒng，猛měng的de醒xǐng來lái，乃nǎi是shì南nán柯kē一yí夢mèng。这zhè猴hóu王wáng打dǎ出chū城chéng中zhōng，忽hū然rán绊bàn著zháo一yí个gè草cǎo纥gē𫄤da，跌diē了le个gè𨀁lóng踵zhǒng，猛měng的de醒xǐng来lái，乃nǎi是shì南nán柯kē一yí梦mèng。

As the Monkey King fought his way out of the city, he suddenly tripped on a tangled knot of grass, took a stumbling fall, and woke with a start — it had all been a mere dream.

絆著 — "tripped on"; 著 the resultative zháo. 一個 takes yí. 草紇繨 — "a tangle of grass"; 紇繨 (gē-da, = 疙瘩) "a knot, lump." 躘踵 (lóng-zhǒng) — "to stumble, totter." 猛的 — "abruptly." 南柯一夢 — "a Dream of Nanke," the proverbial phrase (from the Tang tale 南柯太守傳) for a whole vivid experience that proves to be only a dream; 一 yí (before fourth-tone 夢). The underworld episode is thus retroactively framed as a drunken dream — though one with waking consequences.

才cái覺jué伸shēn腰yāo，只zhǐ聞wén得de四sì健jiàn將jiàng與yǔ眾zhòng猴hóu高gāo叫jiào道dào：「大dà王wáng，吃chī了le多duō少shǎo酒jiǔ，睡shuì這zhè一yí夜yè，還hái不bù醒xǐng來lái？」才cái觉jué伸shēn腰yāo，只zhǐ闻wén得de四sì健jiàn将jiàng与yǔ众zhòng猴hóu高gāo叫jiào道dào：「大dà王wáng，吃chī了le多duō少shǎo酒jiǔ，睡shuì这zhè一yí夜yè，还hái不bù醒xǐng来lái？」

Just as he stretched himself awake, he heard the four Stalwart Generals and the other monkeys calling out: 'Your Majesty! How much wine did you drink, that you've slept the whole night and still aren't awake?'

才覺伸腰 — "just as he stretched awake"; 覺 reads jué ("to feel, become aware"), not jiào. 聞得 — "heard," 得 the complement de. 四健將 — 將 jiàng. 多少酒 — "how much wine," 少 shǎo. 睡這一夜 — 一 yí (before fourth-tone 夜). 還不醒 — 還 hái, 不 bù.

悟wù空kōng道dào：「睡shuì還hái小xiǎo可kě，我wǒ夢mèng見jiàn兩liǎng個gè人rén來lái此cǐ勾gōu我wǒ，把bǎ我wǒ帶dài到dào幽yōu冥míng界jiè城chéng門mén之zhī外wài，卻què才cái醒xǐng悟wù。悟wù空kōng道dào：「睡shuì还hái小xiǎo可kě，我wǒ梦mèng见jiàn两liǎng个gè人rén来lái此cǐ勾gōu我wǒ，把bǎ我wǒ带dài到dào幽yōu冥míng界jiè城chéng门mén之zhī外wài，却què才cái醒xǐng悟wù。

Wukong said, 'The sleeping is a small matter. I dreamt that two men came to summon me, and took me to outside the city gate of the Land of Darkness — and only just now did I wake to it.

睡還小可 — "the sleeping is a trifling matter"; 還 hái. 夢見 — "dreamt." 勾我 — 勾 gōu. 把我帶到 — 把 bǎ. 卻才醒悟 — "only just woke to it."

是shì我wǒ顯xiǎn神shén通tōng，直zhí嚷rǎng到dào森sēn羅luó殿diàn，與yǔ那nà十shí王wáng爭zhēng吵chǎo，將jiāng我wǒ們men的de生shēng死sǐ簿bù子zi看kàn了le，但dàn有yǒu我wǒ等děng名míng號hào，俱jù是shì我wǒ勾gōu了le，都dōu不bù伏fú那nà廝sī所suǒ轄xiá也yě。」是shì我wǒ显xiǎn神shén通tōng，直zhí嚷rǎng到dào森sēn罗luó殿diàn，与yǔ那nà十shí王wáng争zhēng吵chǎo，将jiāng我wǒ们men的de生shēng死sǐ簿bù子zi看kàn了le，但dàn有yǒu我wǒ等děng名míng号hào，俱jù是shì我wǒ勾gōu了le，都dōu不bù伏fú那nà厮sī所suǒ辖xiá也yě。」

There I worked my magic, shouted my way to the Hall of Darkness, and quarreled with the Ten Kings; I looked at our register of life and death, and every one of our names I struck out — so none of us is under that fellow's rule any longer.'

顯神通 — "worked my magic." 直嚷到 — "shouted my way to"; 嚷 rǎng. 森羅殿 — 羅 luó. 爭吵 — "quarreled." 將…看了 — 將 the object-marker jiāng; 簿子 — 簿 bù, 子 zi. 但有我等名號 — "every one of our names." 俱是我勾了 — "I struck them all out"; 勾 gōu. 不伏那廝所轄 — "not under that fellow's rule"; 不 bù, 伏 fú, 廝 sī ("fellow," disparaging — here of King Yama).

眾zhòng猴hóu磕kē頭tóu禮lǐ謝xiè。自zì此cǐ，山shān猴hóu多duō有yǒu不bù老lǎo者zhě，以yǐ陰yīn司sī無wú名míng故gù也yě。众zhòng猴hóu磕kē头tóu礼lǐ谢xiè。自zì此cǐ，山shān猴hóu多duō有yǒu不bù老lǎo者zhě，以yǐ阴yīn司sī无wú名míng故gù也yě。

The monkeys kowtowed in thanks. From this time many of the mountain-monkeys never grew old, because their names were no longer in the registers of the shades.

磕頭禮謝 — "kowtowed in thanks." 自此 — "from this time." 多有不老者 — "many never grew old"; 不 bù. 陰司 — "the offices of the shades," the underworld administration. 以…故也 — "for the reason that…," a literary causal frame. This etiological note — the monkeys' longevity explained by their deletion from the death-registers — is typical of the novel's mock-mythography.

美měi猴hóu王wáng言yán畢bì前qián事shì，四sì健jiàn將jiàng報bào知zhī各gè洞dòng妖yāo王wáng，都dōu來lái賀hè喜xǐ。美měi猴hóu王wáng言yán毕bì前qián事shì，四sì健jiàn将jiàng报bào知zhī各gè洞dòng妖yāo王wáng，都dōu来lái贺hè喜xǐ。

When the Handsome Monkey King had finished telling the affair, the four Stalwart Generals reported it to the demon-kings of the various caves, who all came to offer congratulations.

言畢前事 — "finished relating the affair"; 畢 bì. 四健將 — 將 jiàng. 報知 — "reported to." 都來賀喜 — 都 dōu, 賀 hè.

不bù幾jǐ日rì，六liù個gè義yì兄xiōng弟dì又yòu來lái拜bài賀hè，一yì聞wén銷xiāo名míng之zhī故gù，又yòu個gè個gè歡huān喜xǐ，每měi日rì聚jù樂lè不bù題tí。不bù几jǐ日rì，六liù个gè义yì兄xiōng弟dì又yòu来lái拜bài贺hè，一yì闻wén销xiāo名míng之zhī故gù，又yòu个gè个gè欢huān喜xǐ，每měi日rì聚jù乐lè不bù题tí。

Within a few days the six sworn brothers came again to pay their respects, and as soon as they heard the reason — the striking-out of the names — every one of them was delighted; and they gathered in merriment day after day — but no more of this.

不幾日 — "within a few days"; 不 bù (before third-tone 幾). 六個義兄弟 — "the six sworn brothers," 義 yì. 一聞銷名之故 — "as soon as they heard of the name-erasing"; 一 yì (before second-tone 聞), 銷 xiāo ("to erase, expunge"). 又個個歡喜 — "each delighted." 每日聚樂不題 — "gathered daily in merriment — no more of this"; 樂 lè, 不 bù (before second-tone 題).

總評 Commentary

The entire underworld adventure is abruptly reframed: Wukong trips on a clump of grass and wakes to find it was "a Dream of Nanke" (南柯一夢) — the classic Tang allusion to a whole lived experience dissolving into a nap. But the novel refuses the easy moral of that source, in which the dream exposes worldly glory as illusion: here the dream has unambiguous waking effects — the monkeys really do stop dying. The frame is left productively unstable: was the soul genuinely summoned and the body left sleeping, or was it "only" a dream that nonetheless altered reality? The narrative simply lets both be true at once.

The small aetiological gloss — that from this time many mountain-monkeys never aged, "because their names were no longer in the registers of the shades" — is characteristic of the novel's playful mythography, supplying a folk-explanation for a natural curiosity out of its own fiction. It also completes the social meaning of the underworld raid: Wukong's transcendence is not hoarded but shared, extended to his whole people, as the rod and regalia furnished his kingdom. With both the dragons' and the underworld's complaints now lodged, and Wukong feasting in oblivious contentment, the chapter pivots decisively upward — the next passages leave Flower-Fruit Mountain entirely for the Hall of Miraculous Mist, where the two memorials will at last be read before the Jade Emperor.